Surface Modes in Physics (eBook)

Bo E. Sernelius (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF

2011 | 1. Auflage
370 Seiten
Wiley-VCH (Verlag)
978-3-527-63505-4 (ISBN)

Infos

Electromagnetic surface modes are present at all surfaces and interfaces between material of different dielectric properties. These modes have very important effects on numerous physical quantities: adhesion, capillary force, step formation and crystal growth, the Casimir effect etc. They cause surface tension and wetting and they give rise to forces which are important e.g. for the stability of colloids.
This book is a useful and elegant approach to the topic, showing how the concept of electromagnetic modes can be developed as a unifying theme for a range of condensed matter physics. The author concentrates in finding out the basic origin of the force and how they are developed from the collective excitations of the solids. Different materials are treated, e.g. metals, semiconductors, plasmas, liquids and gases all with different collective modes. In close relation to the theoretical background, the reader is served with a broad field of applications. The book serves readers who are concerned with applications to real world problems with a deep knowledge on surface modes, and inspires new developments of the field.
Oberflächenmoden treten an Grenzflächen und Oberflächen überall dort auf, wo Materialien mit unterschiedlichen dielektrischen Eigenschaften aufeinander treffen. Sie verursachen Wechselwirkungen und Kräfte, mit deren Hilfe verschiedene physikalische Phänomene, wie beispielsweise Oberflächenenergie, Casimir-Effekt, Van-der-Waalsche Wechselwirkungen, Kapillarkräfte, Adhäsion oder Kristallwachstum erklärt werden können. Oberflächen und Grenzflächen gewinnen ständig an Bedeutung in Wissenschaft und Technik, die Anwendungen reichen von Physik (Katalysatoren) über Medizin (Implantate) bis zur Chemie (Lebensmittel, Farben, Kosmetika) und Pharmazie.
In diesem Buch werden theoretische Grundlagen für Oberflächenmoden und ihre verschiedenen Erscheinensformen dargestellt. Eine Fülle von Anwendungsbeispielen illustriert die Theorie und trägt zum besseren Verständnis bei.

Autor

Bo E. Sernelius, Professor in Theoretical Physics. Dept. of Physics and Measurement Technology. Linköping University, Sweden. Background: Theoretical solid state physics. Expert in many-body physics. 1948 born in Sweden 1973 Degree in Civil Engineering 1978 PhD in Theoretical Physics 1985-1987 Visiting Associate Professor at the University of Tennessee/Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA in the group of Prof. G.D. Mahan Research Field: Many-Body Theory and in particular Theoretical Semiconductor Physics; Optical Properties, Transport Properties, Quantum Structures, Heterostructures; Collective Modes, Surface Modes, Van der Waals and Casimir Forces, Surface Energies, Wetting, Colloidal Physics, catalytic Effects, Bioloical Physics More than 100 scientific publications Member of the Swedish, European and Americanl Physical Societies

Inhalt

Introduction
1 Bulk modes
1.1 Bulk modes in terms of fields
1.2 Bulk modes in terms of potentials
2 Model dielectric functions
2.1 Lorentz' classical model for the dielectric function of insulators
2.2 Drude's classical model for the dielectric function of metals
2.3 Modelling
2.4 Dielectric function of a plasma
2.5 Static dielectric function for a dilute gas of permanent dipoles
2.6 Debye rotational relaxation
2.7 Dielectric properties of water
2.8 Superluminal speeds
3 Zero-point energy of modes
4 Modes at flat interfaces
4.1 Modes at a single interface
4.2 Modes in slab geometry
4.3 The Casimir effect
4.4 Metal surfaces
4.5 Quantum wells
5 Forces
5.1 Two molecules with permanent dipole moments
5.2 One ion and one molecule with permanent dipole moment
5.3 Two molecules one with and one without permanent dipole moment
5.4 Two molecules without permanent dipole moments
5.5 Two ions
5.6 Three or more polarizable atoms
5.7 Ineraction between macroscopic objects
5.8 Interaction between two spheres: limiting results
5.9 Interaction betweeen two spheres: general results
5.10 Gernal expression for small separations
5.11 Cylinders and half-spaces
5.12 Summation of pair interactions
5.13 Derivation of the van der Waals equations of state
6 Energy and force
6.1 Interaction energy at zero temperature
6.2 Interaction energy at finite temperature
6.3 Surface energy, method 1: no retardation
6.4 Surface energy, method 1: retardation
6.5 Surface energy, method 2: no retardation
6.6 Surface energy, method 2: retardation
6.7 Finite temperatures
6.8 Recent results for metals
6.9 Adhesion, cohersion, and wetting
6.10 Finding the pair interactions
7 Modes at non-planar interfaces
7.1 Modes at the surface of a sphere
7.2 Modes at the surface of a cylinder
7.3 Modes at an edge
7.4 Modes in a needle (a paraboloid of revolution)
8 Different mode types
8.1 Polar semiconductors or ionic insulators
8.2 Metallic systems
8.3 Characterization of different surface mode types
8.4 Spatial dispersion
8.5 Surface roughness
8.6 The ATR method
8.7 Earthquakes, rainbow and optical glory
9 Colloids
9.1 Milk
9.2 Stability of colloids
9.3 Formation of the double layer
9.4 Gouy and Chapman theory
9.5 Stern's theory of a flat double layer
9.6 The ZETA-potential
9.7 Interaction energy and force between objects with double layers
Appendix 1 Conversion table from CGS to SI units
Appendix 2 Fourier-transform conventions


BULK MODES
Bulk modes in terms of fields
Bulk modes in terms of potentials
MODEL DIELECTRIC FUNCTIONS
Lorentz' classical model for the dielectric function of insulators
Drude's classical model for the dielectric function of metals
Modelling
Dielectric function of a plasma
Static dielectric function for a dilute gas of permanent dipoles
Debye rotational relaxation
Dielectric properties of water
Superluminal speeds
ZERO-POINT ENERGY OF MODES
MODES AT FLAT INTERFACES
Modes at a single interface
Modes in slab geometry
The Casimir effect
Metal surfaces
Quantum wells
FORCES
Two molecules with permanent dipole moments
One ion and one molecule with permanent dipole moment
Two molecules one with and one without permanent dipole moment
Two molecules without permanent dipole moments
Two ions
Three or more polarizable atoms
Ineraction between macroscopic objects
Interaction between two spheres: limiting results
Interaction betweeen two spheres: general results
Gernal expression for small separations
Cylinders and half-spaces
Summation of pair interactions
Derivation of the van der Waals equations of state
ENERGY AND FORCE
Interaction energy at zero temperature
Interaction energy at finite temperature
Surface energy, method 1: no retardation
Surface energy, method 1: retardation
Surface energy, method 2: no retardation
Surface energy, method 2: retardation
Finite temperatures
Recent results for metals
Adhesion, cohersion, and wetting
Finding the pair interactions
MODES AT NON-PLANAR INTERFACES
Modes at the surface of a sphere
Modes at the surface of a cylinder
Modes at an edge
Modes in a needle (a paraboloid of revolution)
DIFFERENT MODE TYPES
Polar semiconductors or ionic insulators
Metallic systems
Characterization of different surface mode types
Spatial dispersion
Surface roughness
The ATR method
Earthquakes, rainbow and optical glory
COLLOIDS
Milk
Stability of colloids
Formation of the double layer
Gouy and Chapman theory
Stern's theory of a flat double layer
The Zeta-potential
Interaction energy and force between

Rezensionen

"This entertaining and, at the same time, rigorous electrodynamic approach to surface physics makes the reader more conscious of the surrounding reality." ChemPhysChem

"...highly enjoyable, illustrative, and rigorous work which shows how surface modes in different systems surround us and mediate many of our daily actions." Chem PhysChem

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 3.5.2011
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie ► Atom- / Kern- / Molekularphysik
• Themenwelt: Technik
• Schlagworte: Festkörperphysik • Festkörperphysik • Materials Science • Materialwissenschaften • Medical Science • Medizin • Oberflächenphysik • Oberflächenphysik • Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Medicine • Pharmakologie u. Pharmazeutische Medizin • Physics • Physik • Physik, Astronomie / Elektrizität, Magnetismus, Optik • Physik, Astronomie / Elektrizität, Magnetismus, Optik • Solid state physics
• ISBN-10: 3-527-63505-X / 352763505X
• ISBN-13: 978-3-527-63505-4 / 9783527635054