Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy of Lunar and Terrestrial Minerals (eBook)

Clarence Karr (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2013 | 1. Auflage
390 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-1-4832-7366-2 (ISBN)

Infos

Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy of Lunar and Terrestrial Minerals makes available in a single reference work original descriptions and summaries of the research on infrared and Raman spectroscopy of lunar and terrestrial minerals so that this information will be readily available not only to those researchers in the continuing programs on lunar samples from the completed Apollo series and on the remote sensing of solar system objects, but, in particular, to that much larger group of researchers in government, industry, and universities involved in the many programs on terrestrial minerals and earth sciences by remote sensing. The chapters in this volume are arranged according to spectroscopic technique and/or frequency range rather than application. Thus there are chapters on visible and near-infrared, followed by those on mid-infrared, far-infrared, and Raman spectroscopy. Applications are roughly divided between lunar and terrestrial, although the broad range of interchangeability of applications is obvious in many instances. There are also chapters on remote sensing of space targets and earth sciences; on lunar mineralogy and terrestrial mineralogy and geology; and on structures of lunar minerals and structures of terrestrial minerals.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy of Lunar and Terrestrial Minerals 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS 10
PREFACE 12
Chapter 1. Absorption Spectroscopy of Ionic and Molecular Units in Crystals and Glasses 16
I. Introduction 16
II. Theoretical Background: Ti3+ 18
III. Iron 21
IV. Charge-Transfer Bands 31
V. Water and Hydroxide 35
VI. Spectroscopy at Low Temperatures 36
VII. Spectroscopy at High Pressures 40
References 52
Chapter 2. Polarized Electronic Spectra 54
I. Introduction 54
II. Experimentation and Theory 55
III. Spectra of Individual Transition Metal Ions 60
IV. Spectra of Lunar Minerals 75
V. Applications to Lunar Science 80
References 83
Chapter 3. Luminescence of Minerals in the Near-Infrared 88
I. Introduction 88
II. Crystal Field Considerations 89
III. Crystalline Solids Showing IR Luminescence 91
IV. Applications 102
References 103
Chapter 4. Interpretation of Visible and Near-Infrared Diffuse Reflectance Spectra of Pyroxenes and Other Rock-Forming Minerals 106
I. Introduction 106
II. Background 107
III. Reflectance Spectra of Rock-Forming Minerals 108
IV. Uniqueness of Mineral Absorption Bands 127
References 130
Chapter 5. The Use of Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy in Remote Sensing of Space Targets 132
I. Introduction 132
II. Vibrational Spectra of Inorganic Solids 133
III. Optical Behavior of Fine Particles 135
IV. Emission Spectra of Participate Materials 136
V. Analysis of Effect of Experimental Parameters on Emission Behavior 143
VI. Spectra of Rocks: A Diagnostic Test 148
VII. Lunar Data: Comparison with Laboratory Standards 151
VIII. Remote Sensing of a Planet with an Atmosphere: Martian Application 152
References 157
Chapter 6. Applications of Infrared Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer to Earth Sciences 158
I. Introduction 158
II. Remote Sensing 160
III. Radiative Transfer 161
IV. Calculation of Particle Absorption and Scattering Cross-Sections 168
V. Comparison of the Theory with Experimental Results for the Case of Powders 172
VI. The Inverse Problem 173
References 178
Chapter 7. Reflectance and Emittance of Terrain in the Mid-Infrared (6–25 µm) Region 180
I. Introduction 180
II. Basic Research 182
III. Field Studies 185
IV. Conclusions 208
References 209
Chapter 8. Selected Terrestrial Minerals and Their Infrared Absorption Spectral Data (4000–300 cm–1) 212
I. Introduction 212
II. Uses of Infrared Absorption Analyses 213
III. Results and Discussion 214
IV. Summary 240
References 241
Chapter 9. Far-Infrared Spectroscopy of Minerals 246
I. Introduction 246
II. Experimental 247
III. Factors Influencing the Far-Infrared Region for Minerals 248
IV. Nesosilicates: Olivines 248
V. Chain Silicates: Pyroxenes 255
VI. Framework Silicates: Feldspars 262
VII. Carbonates: Calcite Group Minerals 266
References 268
Chapter 10. Far-Infrared Observation of Lunar Rock 270
I. Introduction 270
II. Experimental Procedure and Results 276
III. Discussion 285
References 287
Chapter 11. Elastic and Inelastic Light Scattering Spectra of Lunar Rocks and Soils 288
I. Introduction 288
II. Experimental 290
III. Data Analysis 291
IV. Discussion and Results 297
References 312
Chapter 12. Raman Spectroscopy of Terrestrial Minerals 314
I. Introduction 314
II. Principles and Practice of Raman Spectroscopy 315
III. Special Applications of the Raman Effect 323
IV. Survey of Published Data on the Raman Spectra of Minerals 325
V. Conclusions: Further Work 336
References 336
Chapter 13. Structural Interpretation of Lunar and Terrestrial Minerals by Raman Spectroscopy 340
I. Introduction 340
II. Relation of Structure and Spectra 341
III. Complex Silicates 355
IV. Structural Order 361
V. Characterization of Nucleation and Crystallization 370
References 371
SUBJECT INDEX 374

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 22.10.2013
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Sachbuch/Ratgeber ► Natur / Technik ► Natur / Ökologie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Chemie ► Analytische Chemie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Mineralogie / Paläontologie
• Themenwelt: Technik
• ISBN-10: 1-4832-7366-0 / 1483273660
• ISBN-13: 978-1-4832-7366-2 / 9781483273662