Wood and Tree Fungi (eBook)

Biology, Damage, Protection, and Use

Olaf Schmidt (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF

2006 | 1. Auflage
XII, 343 Seiten
Springer-Verlag
978-3-540-32139-2 (ISBN)

Infos

`Wood and Tree Fungi` provides an up-to-date overview of the various wood and tree fungi that damage trees, lumber, and timber, with special focus given to identification, prevention, and remediation techniques. First, the fundamentals of cytology and morphology, growth and reproduction, formal genetics, and enzymatic wood decay are addressed. Causative factors are then analyzed, followed by descriptions of interactions like antagonism, succession, and mycorrhiza. The more practical section describes damages by viruses on trees and by bacteria on the xylem of trees and on structural timber, wood discoloration caused by molds and stain fungi, wood decays by rot fungi, and preservation methods. The habitats of wood fungi are described as well as tree care. Important tree pathogens and wood decay fungi are characterized for prevention and identification. The final section focuses on the positive effects of wood-inhabiting microorganisms, covering past and classical methods like myco-wood, mushroom cultivation, biological pulping, and `palo podrido`, as well as recent biotechnological processes

Inhalt

Foreword 5
Preface 6
Contents 7
Introduction 10
Biology 12
2.1 Cytology and Morphology 12
2.2 Growth and Spreading 19
2.3 Sexuality 35
2.4 Identification 40
2.5 Classification 56
Physiology 62
3.1 Nutrients 62
3.2 Air 67
3.3 Wood Moisture Content 69
3.4 Temperature 76
3.5 pH Value and Acid Production by Fungi 79
3.6 Light and Force of Gravity 83
3.7 Restrictions of Physiological Data 86
3.8 Competition and Interactions Between Organisms 88
Wood Cell Wall Degradation 96
4.1 Enzymes and Low Molecular Agents 96
4.2 Pectin Degradation 101
4.3 Degradation of Hemicelluloses 102
4.4 Cellulose Degradation 104
4.5 Lignin Degradation 108
Damages by Viruses and Bacteria 118
5.1 Viruses 118
5.2 Bacteria 118
Wood Discoloration 128
6.1 Molding 130
6.2 Blue Stain 134
6.3 Red Streaking 138
6.4 Protection 140
Wood Rot 144
7.1 Brown Rot 144
7.2 White Rot 147
7.3 Soft Rot 151
7.4 Protection 155
Habitat of Wood Fungi 170
8.1 Fungal Damage to Living Trees 170
8.2 TreeWounds and Tree Care 182
8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 192
8.4 Damage to Stored Wood and Structural Timber Outdoors 209
8.5 Damage to Structural Timber Indoors 216
Positive Effects of Wood-Inhabiting Microorganisms 246
9.1 “ Myco-Wood” 247
9.2 Cultivation of Edible Mushrooms 248
9.3 Biological Pulping 253
9.4 “ Palo Podrido” and “Myco-Fodder” 255
9.5 Wood Saccharification and Sulphite Pulping 256
9.6 Grinding and Steam Explosion 257
9.7 Recent Biotechnological Processes and Outlook 258
Appendix 1 262
Identification Key for Strand-Forming House-Rot Fungi ( According to Huckfeldt and Schmidt 2004) 262
Appendix 2 270
Fungi Mentioned in this Book 270
References 276
Subject Index 338

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 1.1.2006
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Sachbuch/Ratgeber ► Natur / Technik ► Natur / Ökologie
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Mikrobiologie / Immunologie
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Architektur
• Themenwelt: Weitere Fachgebiete ► Land- / Forstwirtschaft / Fischerei
• Schlagworte: forest pathology • Microorganism • Mycology • Physiology • tree pathogens • Virus • Wood Biotechnology • wood deterioration • Wood Fungi • Wood Protection
• ISBN-10: 3-540-32139-X / 354032139X
• ISBN-13: 978-3-540-32139-2 / 9783540321392