Metastable Liquids (eBook)

Concepts and Principles

Pablo G. Debenedetti (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF

2020
400 Seiten
Princeton University Press (Verlag)
978-0-691-21394-1 (ISBN)

Infos

Metastable Liquids provides a comprehensive treatment of the properties of liquids under conditions where the stable state is a vapor, a solid, or a liquid mixture of different composition. It examines the fundamental principles that govern the equilibrium properties, stability, relaxation mechanisms, and relaxation rates of metastable liquids. Building on the interplay of kinetics and thermodynamics that determines the thermophysical properties and structural relaxation of metastable liquids, it offers an in-depth treatment of thermodynamic stability theory, the statistical mechanics of metastability, nucleation, spinodal decomposition, supercooled liquids, and the glass transition. Both traditional topics--such as stability theory--and modern developments--including modern theories of nucleation and the properties of supercooled and glassy water--are treated in detail. An introductory chapter illustrates, with numerous examples, the importance and ubiquity of metastable liquids. Examples include the ascent of sap in plants, the strategies adopted by many living organisms to survive prolonged exposure to sub-freezing conditions, the behavior of proteins at low temperatures, metastability in mineral inclusions, ozone depletion, the preservation and storage of labile biochemicals, and the prevention of natural gas clathrate hydrate formation. All mathematical symbols are defined in the text and key equations are clearly explained. More complex mathematical explanations are available in the appendixes.

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 23.6.2020
• Reihe/Serie: Physical Chemistry: Science and Engineering
• Reihe/Serie: Physical Chemistry: Science and Engineering
• Zusatzinfo: 1 halftone 126 line illus. 25 tables
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Chemie ► Physikalische Chemie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie ► Angewandte Physik
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie ► Plasmaphysik
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie ► Thermodynamik
• Schlagworte: Adam-Gibbs theory • Anharmonicity • antifreeze • antifreeze proteins • Arrhenius equation • Atmospheric pressure • beta relaxation • Binodal • Boiling • Boltzmann's entropy formula • Bulk temperature • Calculation • capillarity approximation • chemical potential • classical nucleation theory • Clausius–Clapeyron relation • colloid • compressibility • Critical Mass • critical nucleus • Cryogenics • crystallization • Curie temperature • density functional theory • Detailed Balance • Dirac delta function • dividing surface • Drop (liquid) • Embryos • Emulsion • energetics of formation • Enthalpy • Enthalpy of fusion • Enthalpy of vaporization • Entropy • Entropy of fusion • Equation of State • Equation of state (cosmology) • fragile liquids • fragility • free energy barrier • Freezing • Fugacity • Gibbs Free Energy • Ginzburg criterion • Glass transition • hard sphere fluid • heat capacity • Hydrate • ICE • ideal gas • Impurity • Interfacial tension • intrinsic viscosity • Ising Model • Isochore (genetics) • Isochoric process • Kauzmann paradox • kinetic theory of gases • Langevin Equation • Laplace equation • Leidenfrost Effect • length scale • LNG spill • magnetic susceptibility • Mass diffusivity • Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution • Maxwell construction • Mean field theory • Mean-field Theory • Melting • melting point • metastability • Microscopic reversibility • Mixture • Molecule • Nitric Acid • non-equilibrium thermodynamics • non-ergodicity parameter • nucleation • order parameter • Partition function (statistical mechanics) • Phase diagram • phase rule • phase transition • Physical Chemistry • Polyamorphism • Pre-exponential factor • Properties of Water • Quantity • Rapid phase transition • softening • Solution • specific volume • spinodal • spinodal curve • spinodal decomposition • Spontaneous process • Statistical Mechanics • structural arrest • Structure factor • Sublimation (phase transition) • supercooled vapors • supercooling • superheating • Supersaturation • Surface energy • Temperature • Thermal fluctuations • Thermodynamic Equilibrium • Thermodynamic free energy • Thermodynamic Integration • Thermodynamic Limit • thermodynamics • transport coefficient • Triple Point • Universality class • van der waals equation • Vapor • Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium • Vapor Pressure • viscosity • Vitrification • volume fraction
• ISBN-10: 0-691-21394-1 / 0691213941
• ISBN-13: 978-0-691-21394-1 / 9780691213941