Physiology and Behaviour of Marine Organisms (eBook)

Proceedings of the 12th European Symposium on Marine Biology, Stirling, Scotland, September 1977

A.J. Berry, D.S. McLusky (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2013 | 1. Auflage
404 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-1-4831-8813-3 (ISBN)

Infos

Physiology and Behavior of Marine Organisms covers the proceedings of the 12th European Symposium on Marine Biology, held in University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland on September 5-12, 1977. This book is organized into six parts encompassing 45 chapters. The first part deals with metabolism-related topics in marine organisms, including nutrition, enzyme activity, respiration, and physiological adaptation. The succeeding parts consider the mechanism of osmoregulation, ionic transport, biological permeation, and the structure and function of chloride cells in gills. These parts also explore the physiological aspects of marine animals in the water's chemical environment. These topics are followed by discussions of the mechanisms of immobilization and detoxification of heavy metals and other pollutants by marine organisms, as well as the interspecies differences in pollutant tolerance of several marine creatures. The concluding parts look into the behavior, reproduction, and development of other marine animals. This book will be of great value to marine biologists, physiologists, researchers, and advance students.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
Physiology and Behaviour of Marine Organisms 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
List of Participants 12
PART 1: METABOLISM 18
CHAPTER1. EFFECTS OF NUTRITIVE STRESS UPON DIELRHYTHMS, TOTAL TISSUE METABOLISM, ANDTISSUE METABOLIC RATES IN CARCINUSMAENAS (L.) (CRUSTACEA: DECAPODA 20
ABSTRACT 20
INTRODUCTION 20
MATERIALS AND METHODS 21
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 21
CONCLUSIONS 26
REFERENCES 26
CHAPTER 2. ACTIVITIES OF SOME ENZYMES ASSOCIATEDWITH ENERGY YIELDING METABOLISM INGLYCERA ALBA (MÜLLER) FROM THREE AREASOF LOCH EIL 28
INTRODUCTION 28
MATERIALS AND METHODS 28
RESULTS 31
DISCUSSION 34
REFERENCES 36
CHAPTER 3. STARVATION AND THE LACK OF HAEMOCYANIN IN CANCER PAGURUS L.(CRUSTACEA: DECAPODA) FROM SCOTTISH WEST COAST WATERS 38
CHAPTER 4. HEART AND SCAPHOGNATHITE ACTIVITY DURING THE DIGGING BEHAVIOUR OF THESHORE CRAB, CARCINUS MAENAS (L.) 40
ABSTRACT 40
INTRODUCTION 40
MATERIALS AND METHODS 41
RESULTS 41
DISCUSSION 46
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 47
REFERENCES 47
CHAPTER 5. ETUDE EXPERIMENTALE DE LA RESPIRATION,DE LA CROISSANCE ET DE LA FECONDITE DETISBE HOLOTHURIAE (COPEPODE:HARPACTICOIDE) ELEVE A DES TEMPERATURES DIFFERENTES 48
ABSTRACT 48
INTRODUCTION 48
MATERIEL ET METHQDES 48
RESULTATS 49
DISCUSSION 53
REFERENCES 54
CHAPTER 6. RESPIRATION OF PATELLA VULGATAON THE SHORE 56
ABSTRACT 56
INTRODUCTION 56
METHODS 56
RESULTS 58
DISCUSSION 62
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 63
REFERENCES 63
CHAPTER 7. CONSUMPTION AND UTILIZATION OF FOOD BY JUVENILE PLAICE IN THE WADDEN SEA 64
CHAPTER 8. SOME RESPONSES OF TROPICAL MANGROVE FIDDLER CRABS (UCA spp.) TO HIGH ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURES 66
ABSTRACT 66
INTRODUCTION 66
STUDY SITE AND METHODS 67
RESULTS 68
DISCUSSION 72
REFERENCES 73
CHAPTER 9. PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION OF CANCER IRRORATUS LARVAE TO CYCLIC TEMPERATURES 74
ABSTRACT 74
INTRODUCTION 74
MATERIALS AND METHODS 75
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 75
CONCLUSION 80
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 81
REFERENCES 81
CHAPTER 10. ANAEROBIC METABOLISM OF THE SCAVENGING ISOPOD CIROLANA BOREALIS LILLJEBORG. ADENINE NUCLEOTIDES 84
ABSTRACT 84
INTRODUCTION 84
MATERIAL AND METHODS 85
RESULTS 85
DISCUSSION 88
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 90
REFERENCES 91
CHAPTER 11. IN SITU MONITORING OF OXYGEN PRODUCTION AND RESPIRATION IN CNIDARIAWITH AND WITHOUT ZOOXANTHELLAE 92
ABSTRACT 92
INTRODUCTION 92
MATERIAL and METHODS 93
RESULTS and CONCLUSIONS 95
DISCUSSION 97
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 98
LITERATURE 99
CHAPTER 12. THE INFLUENCE OF SWIMMING PERFORMANCE ON THE METABOLIC RATE OF GADOID FISH 100
INTRODUCTION 100
MATERIALS AND METHODS 100
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 101
REFERENCES 107
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 109
PART 2: OSMOTIC ANDPERMEABILITY STUDIES 110
CHAPTER 13. SODIUM BALANCE AND SALINITY TOLERANCEOF THE MYSID LEPTOMYSIS MEDITERRANEA 112
ABSTRACT 112
INTRODUCTION 112
MATERIALS AND METHODS 112
RESULTS 113
DISCUSSION 118
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 118
REFERENCES 119
CHAPTER 14. OSMOREGULATION OF THE EURYHALINE CHINESE CRAB ERIOCHEIR SINENSIS. IONIC TRANSPORTS ACROSS ISOLATED PERFUSED GILLS AS RELATED TO THE SALINITY OF THE ENVIRONMENT 122
ABSTRACT 122
INTRODUCTION 122
MATERIAL AND METHODS 122
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 124
REFERENCES 128
CHAPTER 15. GUANINE AND PERMEABILITY IN SWIMBLADDERS OF SLOPE-DWELLING FISH 130
ABSTRACT 130
INTRODUCTION 130
MATERIALS AND METHODS 131
RESULTS 132
DISCUSSION 134
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 137
LITERATURE CITED 137
CHAPTER 16. STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF CHLORIDECELLS IN THE GILLS OF ANGUILLA ANGUILLA 140
ABSTRACT 140
INTRODUCTION 140
MATERIALS AND METHODS 141
OBSERVATIONS 141
DISCUSSION 145
REFERENCES 148
PART 3: PHYSIOLOGY AND THE CHEMICAL ENVIRONMENT 150
CHAPTER 17. PHYSIOLOGY OF DENITRIFYING BACTERIA FROM TIDAL MUDFLATS IN THE RIVER TAY 152
INTRODUCTION 152
CONCLUSIONS 156
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 157
REFERENCES 157
CHAPTER 18. C/N ET CONTROLE DE LA PHYSIOLOGIE DES CULTURES DE PHYTOPLANCTON 158
ABSTRACT 158
INTRODUCTION 158
MATERIEL ET METHODES 158
RESULTATS 159
DISCUSSION 163
REMERCIEMENTS 164
REFERENCES 164
CHAPTER 19 CONTRIBUTION TO STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF ECTOCRINE SUBSTANCES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF MARINE INVERTEBRATES.ABSORPTION OF LABELLED (14Cor3H)DISSOLVED ORGANIC SUBSTANCES BY THE EGGS AND LARVAE OF EUPHAUSIA KROHNII 166
ABSTRACT 166
INTRODUCTION 166
METHOD 167
RESULTS 168
DISCUSSION 170
REFERENCES 170
CHAPTER 20. THE EXTRACTION OF SPECIFIC PROTEINS FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS ECTODERMAL ABSORPTION OF CHARGED AND NEUTRAL AMINO ACIDS BY ANEMONIA SULCATA(COELENTERATA, ANTHOZOA) 172
ABSTRACT 172
INTRODUCTION 172
MATERIALS AND METHODS 173
RESULTS AND THEIR DISCUSSION 174
REFERENCES 180
CHAPTER 21. THE UPTAKE AND UTILIZATION OF DISSOLVED AMINO ACIDS BY THE BIVALVEMY A ARENARIA (L) 182
ABSTRACT 182
INTRODUCTION 182
METHODS 183
RESULTS 184
DISCUSSION 189
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 191
REFERENCES 191
PART 4: HEAVY METALS AND POLLUTION 194
CHAPTER 22. MECHANISMS OF IMMOBILIZATION AND DETOXICATION OF METALS INMARINE ORGANISMS 196
ABSTRACT 196
INTRODUCTION 196
MODEL SYSTEMS 196
BIOLOGICAL EXAMPLES 198
FINE STRUCTURE STUDIES: MYTILUS 199
RENE STRUCTURE STUDIES: OSTREA 199
GENERALITY OF METAL STORAGE IN VESICLES OR GRANULES 201
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 201
REFERENCES 203
CHAPTER 23. THE EFFECT OF SALINITY ON THE UPTAKE OF CADMIUM BY THE COMMON MUSSEL, MYTILUS EDULIS (L.) 206
ABSTRACT 206
INTRODUCTION 206
METHODS AND MATERIALS 206
DISCUSSION 209
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 210
REFERENCES 210
CHAPTER 24. RESPONSE OF EMBRYOS OF THE AMERICAN OYSTER, CRASSOSTREA VIRGINICA, TOHEAVY METALS AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES 212
ABSTRACT 212
INTRODUCTION 212
MATERIALS AND METHODS 212
RESULTS 215
DISCUSSION 216
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 217
REFERENCES 217
CHAPTER 25. THE IMPACT OF POLLUTION ON THE INTERTIDAL FAUNA OF THE ESTUARINE FIRTH OF FORTH 220
ABSTRACT 220
INTRODUCTION 220
STIRLING-KINCARDINE BRIDGE 221
KINCARDINE BRIDGE TO QUEENSFERRY BRIDGES 221
DISCUSSION 225
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 226
REFERENCES 226
CHAPTER 26. LEAD TRANSPORT IN THE COMMON MUSSEL MYTILUS EDULIS 228
ABSTRACT 228
INTRODUCTION 228
MATERIAL AND METHODS 228
RESULTS 229
DISCUSSION 233
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 234
REFERENCES 234
CHAPTER 27. INTERSPECIFIC DIFFERENCES IN TOLERANCE OF EURYTEMORA AFFINIS AND ACARTIA TONS AFROM AN ESTUARINE ANOXIC BASIN TO LOWDISSOLVED OXYGEN AND HYDROGEN SULFIDE 236
ABSTRACT 236
INTRODUCTION 236
METHODS 237
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 239
REFERENCES 242
PART 5: BEHAVIOUR 244
CHAPTER 28. INTRA SPECIFIC ORGANISATION INPARROT FISH 246
ABSTRACT 246
INTRODUCTION 246
MATERIAL AND METHODS 246
RESULTS 247
DISCUSSION 251
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 252
REFERENCES 252
CHAPTER 29. BALCIS ALBA (DA COSTA) - A TEMPORARY' ECTOPARASITE ON NEOPENTADACTYLA MIXTA OSTERGREN 254
ABSTRACT 254
INTRODUCTION 254
RESULTS 254
REFERENCES 258
CHAPTER 30. THE MIGRATION OF PLAICE LARVAEPLEURONECTES PLA TESSA INTO THE WESTERN WADDEN SEA 260
ABSTRACT 260
INTRODUCTION 260
MATERIAL AND METHODS 261
RESULTS 262
DISCUSSION 266
REFERENCES 267
CHAPTER 31. CRUSTACEAN LARVAL PHOTOTAXIS:POSSIBLE FUNCTIONAL SIGNIFICANCE 270
ABSTRACT 270
INTRODUCTION 270
MATERIALS AND METHODS 271
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 273
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 277
LITERATURE CITED 277
CHAPTER 32. EMERGENCE TIMES OF THE INTERTIDAL MIDGE CLUNIO MARINUS (CHIRONOMIDAE)AT PLACES WITH ABNORMAL TIDES 280
ABSTRACT 280
INTRODUCTION 280
MATERIAL AND METHODS 281
RESULTS 282
DISCUSSION 286
REFERENCES 287
CHAPTER 33. DIURNAL VERTICAL MIGRATION AND ZOOPLANKTON-EPIBENTHOS RELATIONSHIPS IN A NORTH NORWEGIAN FJORD 288
INTRODUCTION 288
MATERIAL AND METHODS 288
RESULTS 289
DISCUSSION 295
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 296
REFERENCES 296
CHAPTER 34. FACTORS AFFECTING THE IMPINGEMENT OF FISHES ON POWER STATION COOLING-WATER INTAKE SCREENS 298
ABSTRACT 298
INTRODUCTION 298
SITES AND METHODS 299
RESULTS 300
DISCUSSION 303
REFERENCES 305
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 305
CHAPTER 35. HABITAT SELECTION AND GAMES THEORY 306
ABSTRACT 306
INTRODUCTION 306
REFERENCES 312
CHAPTER 36. IN SITU OBSERVATIONS ON THE BEHAVIOURAND BIOLOGY OF THE TROPICAL SPIDERCRAB STENORHYNCHUS SETICORNIS HERBST(CRUSTACEA, DECAPODA, BRACHYURA) 314
ABSTRACT 314
INTRODUCTION 314
OBSERVATIONS AND RESULTS 315
CONCLUSIONS 318
ACKNOWLEDGMENT 318
REFERENCES 319
CHAPTER 37. LEARNING IN THE STARFISH MARTHASTERIAS GLACIALIS 320
ABSTRACT 320
INTRODUCTION 320
MATERIALS 321
EXPERIMENTAL METHOD 321
RESULTS 325
DISCUSSION 325
REFERENCES 326
PART 6: REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT 328
CHAPTER 38. ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON GROWTH AND SEX RATIO IN DIFFERENT EELS POPULATIONS (ANGUILLA ANGUILLA L.) OFADRIATIC COASTS 330
ABSTRACT 330
INTRODUCTION 330
SEX RATIO 330
SEX DIFFERENTIATION 332
SEX RATIO as a MEAN for ECOLOGICAL HOMEOSTASIS 334
REFERENCES 336
CHAPTER 39. SOME ASPECTS OF FISSION IN ALLOSTICHASTER POLYPLAX 338
ABSTRACT 338
INTRODUCTION 338
MATERIAL 338
OBSERVATIONS 338
DISCUSSION 344
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 346
REFERENCES 346
CHAPTER 40. ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL OF REPRODUCTION IN THE POLYCHAETES EULALIA VIRIDIS AND HARMOTHOE IMBRICATA 348
ABSTRACT 348
INTRODUCTION 348
MATERIALS AND METHODS 349
RESULTS 349
DISCUSSION 355
REFERENCES 356
CHAPTER 41. INFLUENCE DUNE TEMPERATURE ELEVEE SUR LE RYTHME DE PONTE ET LA FECONDITEDES POPULATIONS MEDITERRANEENNES DE SCOLELEPIS FULIGINOSA (ANNELIDE:POLYCHETE) EN ELEVAGE AU LABORATOIRE 358
ABSTRACT 358
INTRODUCTION 358
MATERIEL ET METHODES 358
RESULTATS 360
DISCUSSION 363
REFERENCES 365
CHAPTER 42. THE EFFECT OF SALINITY AND TEMPERATURE ON THE POST-LARVAL GROWTH OF THE CRAB RHITHROPANOPEUS HARRISII 366
ABSTRACT 366
INTRODUCTION 366
METHODS 366
RESULTS 368
DISCUSSION 370
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 374
REFERENCES 374
CHAPTER 43. THE RELATIONSHIP OF TEMPERATURE AND SALINITY TO LARVAL DEVELOPMENT INMUSSELS {Mytilus galloprovincialis LAMARCK) 376
INTRODUCTION 376
METHODS 376
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 376
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 381
REFERENCES 381
CHAPTER 44. INFLUENCE DE LA TEMPERATURE SUR LAREPRODUCTION ET LA SURVIE DE QUELQUES NASSARIIDAE (MOLLUSCA, GASTEROPODA) 384
ABSTRACT 384
INTRODUCTION 384
MATERIEL ET METHODES 384
RESULTATS 385
DISCUSSION 387
REFERENCES 391
CHAPTER 45. LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS ON THE SPAWNING OF MACOMA BALTHICA ITS IMPLICATION FOR PRODUCTION RESEARCH
ABSTRACT 392
INTRODUCTION 392
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 393
MATERIAL AND METHODS 393
RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION 393
REFERENCES 400
AUTHOR INDEX 402
SUBJECT INDEX 404

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 22.10.2013
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie
• Themenwelt: Technik
• ISBN-10: 1-4831-8813-2 / 1483188132
• ISBN-13: 978-1-4831-8813-3 / 9781483188133