Optical Radiometry (eBook)

Raju Datla, James Gardner, Albert C. Parr (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2005 | 1. Auflage
586 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-045492-4 (ISBN)

Infos

This book deals with the practice of Optical Radiation Measurements with introductory material to introduce the topics discussed. It will be most useful for students, scientists and engineers working in any academic, industrial or governmental projects related to optical radiation. The book contains chapters that treat in detail the procedures and techniques for the characterization of both sources and detectors to the highest degree of accuracy and reliability. It has a chapter devoted specifically to optical measurements of laser sources and fiberoptics for communication and a chapter devoted to uncertainty in measurement and its treatment with real examples of optical measurements. The book contains introductory materials that will allow a newcomer to radiometry to develop the expertise to perform exacting and accurate measurement. The authors stress the various causes of uncertainty in each phase of a measurement and thus allow for users to arrive at a correct assessment of their uncertainty of measurement in their particular circumstance.

? Authors are from the Standards laboratories of AUSTRALIA, CANADA, ENGLAND, GERMANY and the USA.
? Latest techniques and practice of laboratory measurements to achieve the highest accuracy in the use of sources or detectors.
? Unique illustrations of the apparatus and measurement techniques.
? Practical measurement examples of calibration with full uncertainty analysis.
? Comprehensive treatment of optical standards such as sources, detectors and radiometers.
? A complete chapter on laser power measurements and standards for fiber optic measurements
? A complete chapter on correlations in radiometry and practical examples.
? A chapter devoted to diffraction effects in radiometry

Inhalt

front cover 1
copyright 5
table of contents 6
Contributors 12
Volumes in Series 14
Preface 18
1. Introduction to Optical Radiometry 22
1.1 Background 22
1.2 Basics of Radiometry and Important Milestones 24
1.3 Radiometric Terminology 28
1.4 Radiometric Measurements 38
1.5 Radiometric Calibration and Uncertainties 44
References 53
2. Absolute Radiometers 56
2.1 Introduction 56
2.2 Predictable Quantum Efficiency Detectors 58
2.3 Absolute Thermal Detectors 63
2.4 Applications of Cryogenic Radiometers 85
2.5 Confirmation of Accuracy 101
2.6 New/Complimentary Technologies 103
References 113
3. Realization of Spectral Responsivity Scales 118
3.1 Introduction 118
3.2 Realization of Spectral Responsivity Scales 119
3.3 Dissemination of Spectral Responsivity Scales 168
References 169
4. Transfer Standard Filter Radiometers: Applications to Fundamental Scales 176
4.1 Introduction 176
4.2 Common Design Considerations for Filter Radiometers 180
4.3 Design Considerations of Irradiance Meters 191
4.4 Design Consideration of Radiance Meters 209
4.5 Calibration 213
4.6 Conclusions 227
References 228
5. Primary Sources for use in Radiometry 234
5.1 Introduction 234
5.2 Thermal Sources 235
5.3 Synchrotron Radiation Sources 266
5.4 Parametric Down-Conversion-Based Sources 284
References 292
6. Uncertainty Estimates in Radiometry 312
6.1 Introduction 312
6.2 Propagation of Uncertainty 313
6.3 Uncertainty in a Single Quantity 322
6.4 Uncertainty Across a Spectrum of Quantities 327
6.5 Examples of Spectral Combinations 336
6.6 Type A and B Uncertainties in Radiometry 341
6.7 Expression of Uncertainty 343
6.8 Bayesian Concepts 344
References 345
7. Photometry 348
7.1 Introduction 348
7.2 Basis of Physical Photometry 349
7.3 Quantities and Units in Photometry 351
7.4 Luminous Intensity Standards and Measurements 352
7.5 Luminous Flux Standards and Measurements 361
7.6 Detector-Based Methods for Other Photometric Quantities 369
7.7 Color Temperature Standards and Measurements 373
7.8 International Intercomparisons of Photometric Units 377
7.9 Future Prospects in Photometry 380
References 383
8. Laser Radiometry 388
8.1 Properties of Laser Radiation 388
8.2 Primary Standards 392
8.3 Transfer Standards 401
8.4 Comparison Methods and Linearity Issues 407
8.5 Choices in Traceability 409
8.6 Optical Fiber Power Meters 410
8.7 Laser Beam Characteristics 412
8.8 Waveform Measurements 415
8.9 Summary 421
References 422
9. Diffraction Effects in Radiometry 430
9.1 Introduction and Definitions 430
9.2 Theories of Diffraction 432
9.3 Practical Diffraction Calculations 440
9.4 The SAD Problem 447
9.5 Impacts of Diffraction Effects on Radiometry 455
9.6 Radiometry of Novel Sources 468
References 469
10. The Calibration and Characterization of Earth Remote Sensing and Environmental Monitoring Instruments 474
10.1 Introduction 474
10.2 The Role of Pre-Launch Calibration and Characterization 486
10.3 The Measurement of Total Solar Irradiance (TSI) 502
10.4 Spectral Solar Irradiance (SSI) 507
10.5 Transferring Pre-Launch Calibration and Characterization toOn-Orbit Operation 509
10.6 The Role of Post-Launch Calibration and Characterization 510
10.7 Cross-Calibration of Earth Remote-Sensing Instruments 526
10.8 Continuing Issues and New Developments in Earth RemoteSensing 528
References 532
11Appendix A. Example: Calibration of a Cryogenic Blackbody 556
A.1 Introduction 556
A.2 Calibration of a Cryogenic Point-Source Blackbody 556
References 567
12Appendix B. Uncertainty Example: Spectral Irradiance Transfer with Absolute Calibration by Reference to Illuminance 568
B.1 Introduction 568
B.2 Reference Lamp Uncertainties and Correlations 571
B.3 Transfer Uncertainties 573
B.4 Totals 576
index 580

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 26.10.2005
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie ► Atom- / Kern- / Molekularphysik
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie ► Optik
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Bauwesen
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Maschinenbau
• ISBN-10: 0-08-045492-5 / 0080454925
• ISBN-13: 978-0-08-045492-4 / 9780080454924