Dendritic Neurotransmitter Release (eBook)

Mike Ludwig (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2007 | 2005
XV, 333 Seiten
Springer US (Verlag)
978-0-387-23696-4 (ISBN)

Infos

The transmission of the nervous impulse is always from the dendritic branches and the cell body to the axon or functional process. Every neuron, then, possesses a receptor apparatus, the body and the dendritic prolongations, an apparatus of emission, the axon, and the apparatus of distribution, the terminal arborization of the nerve fibers. I designated the foregoing principle: the theory of dynamic polarization (Cajal 1923). Ever since the beautiful drawings from Golgi and Cajal, we have been familiar with the organisation of neurones into dendritic, somatic and axonal compartments. Cajal proposed that these cellular compartments were specialised, resulting in his concept of ^dynamic polarisation'. He considered dendrites to be passive elements that simply transferred information from inputs to the soma. Since the discovery that dendrites of many neural populations release neuroactive substances and in doing so, alter neuronal output, it is now apparent that this theory requires qualification. This book presents recent developments in the neurophysiology of dendritic release of several chemical classes of transmitters in a number of different areas of the mammalian central nervous system. Once released from a neuron, these substances can act as neurotransmitters and/or neuromodulators, to autoregulate the original neuron, its synaptic inputs, and adjacent cells or, by volume transmission, to affect distant cells. In some systems, dendritic transmitter release is part independent of secretion from axon terminal signifying a selective control of the dendritic compartment.

Inhalt

CONTENT 6
DENDRITIC NEUROTRANSMITTER RELEASE, FROM EARLY DAYS TO TODAY'S CHALLENGES 15
MORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES OF DENDRITES AND DENDRITIC SECRETION 29
THE LIFECYCLE OF SECRETORY VESICLES: IMPLICATIONS FOR DENDRITIC TRANSMITTER RELEASE 48
ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF DENDRITES RELEVANT TO DENDRITIC TRANSMITTER RELEASE 67
SOMATODENDRITIC DOPAMINE RELEASE IN MIDBRAIN 80
DOPAMINE RELEASE IN SUBSTANTIA NIGRA: RELEASE MECHANISMS AND PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTION IN MOTOR CONTROL 95
NEUROTRANSMITTER MECHANISMS AT DENDRODENDRITIC SYNAPSES IN THE OLFACTORY BULB 110
CLASSICAL NEUROTRANSMITTERS AS RETROGRADE MESSENGERS IN LAYER 2/ 3 OF THE NEOCORTEX: EMPHASIS ON GLUTAMATE AND GABA 125
THE THALAMIC INTERNEURON 140
RELEASE OF NORADRENALINE IN THE LOCUS COERULEUS 152
REGULATION OF SOMATODENDRITIC SEROTONIN RELEASE IN THE MIDBRAIN RAPHE NUCLEI OF THE RAT 162
EXTRASYNAPTIC RELEASE OF DOPAMINE AND VOLUME TRANSMISSION IN THE RETINA 182
DETERMINANT CONTROL OF NEURONAL NETWORK ACTIVITY BY VASOPRESSIN AND OXYTOCIN RELEASED FROM DENDRITES IN THE HYPOTHALAMUS 197
CONDITIONAL PRIMING OF DENDRITIC NEUROPEPTIDE RELEASE 215
AUTOCRINE MODULATION OF EXCITABILITY BY DENDRITIC PEPTIDE RELEASE FROM MAGNOCELLULAR NEUROSECRETORY CELLS 228
GALANIN, A NEW CANDIDATE FOR SOMATO- DENDRITIC RELEASE 243
DENDRITIC DYNORPHIN RELEASE IN THE HIPPOCAMPAL FORMATION 271
CONTROL OF SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION IN THE CNS THROUGH ENDOCANNABINOID- MEDIATED RETROGRADE SIGNALING 283
TRANS- SYNAPTIC SIGNALLING BY NITRIC OXIDE 296
SOMATODENDRITIC H2O2 FROM MEDIUM SPINY NEURONS INHIBITS AXONAL DOPAMINE RELEASE 314
HYDROGEN SULFIDE AS A SYNAPTIC MODULATOR 327
INDEX 334

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 6.8.2007
• Zusatzinfo: XV, 333 p.
• Verlagsort: New York
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Neurologie
• Themenwelt: Studium ► 1. Studienabschnitt (Vorklinik) ► Biochemie / Molekularbiologie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Humanbiologie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Zoologie
• Schlagworte: brain • Cortex • Neural networks • neurons • Neuropeptides
• ISBN-10: 0-387-23696-1 / 0387236961
• ISBN-13: 978-0-387-23696-4 / 9780387236964