Electrostatic Accelerators (eBook)

Fundamentals and Applications

Ragnar Hellborg (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2005 | 2005
XVI, 620 Seiten
Springer Berlin (Verlag)
978-3-540-27095-9 (ISBN)

Infos

Electrostatic accelerators are an important and widespread subgroup within the broad spectrum of modern, large particle acceleration devices. They are specifically designed for applications that require high-quality ion beams in terms of energy stability and emittance at comparatively low energies (a few MeV). Their ability to accelerate virtually any kind of ion over a continuously tunable range of energies makes them a highly versatile tool for investigations in many research fields including, but not limited to, atomic and nuclear spectroscopy, heavy ion reactions, accelerator mass spectroscopy as well as ion-beam analysis and modification. The book is divided into three parts. The first part concisely introduces the field of accelerator technology and techniques that emphasize their major modern applications. The second part treats the electrostatic accelerator per se: its construction and operational principles as well as its maintenance. The third part covers all relevant applications in which electrostatic accelerators are the preferred tool for accelerator-based investigations. Since some topics are common to all types of accelerators, Electrostatic Accelerators will also be of value for those more familiar with other types of accelerators.

Inhalt

Foreword 7
Preface 9
Contents 12
Accelerators 16
Introduction to Part I – Accelerators 17
1 Accelerators – an Introduction 18
2 Accelerators for Medicine 38
3 Accelerators for Synchrotron Radiation 50
The Electrostatic Accelerator 62
Introduction to Part II – the Electrostatic Accelerator 63
4 History of the Electrostatic Accelerator 64
5 Electrostatics 76
Box 1: Calculation Technique for High- Voltage Equipment in Gas 96
6 Charging Systems 101
Box 2: Development of Charging Belts in Russia 113
Box 3: Cascade Generators 116
7 Voltage Distribution Systems – Resistors and Corona Points 122
8 Accelerator Tubes 135
Box 4: Development of Tubes in Obninsk, Russia 159
9 Stabilization 164
10 Stripper Systems 178
Box 5: Charge Exchange and Electron Stripping 193
Box 6: Carbon Stripper Foils – Preparation and Quality 199
11 Positive-Ion Sources 204
12 Negative-Ion Formation Processes and Sources 234
Box 7: Tandem Terminal Ion Source 286
13 Ion Optics and Beam Transport 290
14 Beam Envelope Techniques for Ion- Optical Calculations 311
15 Equipment for Beam Diagnostics 329
16 Computer Control 340
17 Radiation Protection at an Accelerator Laboratory 349
Box 8: Nonradiation Hazards and Safety Considerations 377
Box 9: Confined-Space Maintenance 381
Box 10: Earthquake Protection – for Pelletrons 384
Box 11: Earthquake Protection of the Bucharest FN Tandem Accelerator 386
18 Electrostatic-Accelerator Free- Electron Lasers 390
Research Fields and Their Technical Requirements 403
Introduction to Part III – Research Fields and Their Technical Requirements 404
19 Isotope Production for Medical Applications 406
20 Nuclear Structure 424
21 Nuclear Reactions 440
22 Detection of Explosives and Other Threats Using Accelerator- Based Neutron Techniques 456
23 Accelerator Mass Spectrometry 472
24 Atomic Collisions in Matter 497
25 Modification of Materials by MeV Ion Beams 517
26 Ion Beam Analysis 541
27 Atomic Structure 571
28 Industrial Electron Accelerators 592
A Appendix: Electrostatic Accelerators – Production and Distribution 605
B Appendix: SI Units and Other Units 614
Index 618

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 2.11.2005
• Reihe/Serie: Particle Acceleration and Detection
• Reihe/Serie: Particle Acceleration and Detection
• Vorwort: K. Siegbahn
• Zusatzinfo: XVI, 620 p. 275 illus.
• Verlagsort: Berlin
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie ► Atom- / Kern- / Molekularphysik
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Elektrotechnik / Energietechnik
• Schlagworte: accelerator mass spectroscopy • Computer • Control • electrostatic accelerators • Energie • Generator • High voltage • ion beam analysis • Laser • Neutron • Optics • spectroscopy • stability • Stabilization • synchrotron • Synchrotron radiation
• ISBN-10: 3-540-27095-7 / 3540270957
• ISBN-13: 978-3-540-27095-9 / 9783540270959