Identification and Characterization of Neural Progenitor Cells in the Adult Mammalian Brain (eBook)

Sara Gil-Perotín, Arturo Alvarez-Buylla, Jose Manuel Garcia-Verdugo (Autoren)

eBook Download: PDF

2009 | 2009
XII, 104 Seiten
Springer Berlin (Verlag)
978-3-540-88719-5 (ISBN)

Infos

Adult neurogenesis has been questioned for many years. In the early 1900s, a dogma was established that denied new neuron formation in the adult brain. In the last century however, new discoveries have demonstrated the real existence of proliferation in the adult brain, and in the last decade, these studies led to the identification of neural stem cells in mammals. Adult neural stem cells are undifferentiated cells that are present in the adult brain and are capable of dividing and differentiating into glia and new neurons. Newly formed neurons terminally differentiate into mature neurons in the olfactory bulb and the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Since then, a number of new research lines have emerged whose common objective is the phenotypical and molecular characterization of brain stem cells. As a result, new therapies are successfully being applied to animal models for certain neurodegenerative diseases or stroke. At present, and in years to come, this finding extends to the adult human brain, and gives reason and hope to all the previous studies.

Inhalt

Acknowledgments 6
List of Contents 7
Abstract 9
Abbreviations 10
1 Historic Overview 12
2 Research Methodologies for Adult Neurogenesis 16
2.1 Immunohistochemistry 16
2.2 Electron Microscopy 22
2.3 Neurosphere Assay 28
2.4 Fluorescence-Assisted Cell Sorting (FACS) Analysis in Stem Cell Research 31
2.5 Transgenic Animals and the cre–lox System 33
2.6 Transplantation of Adult NSCs 34
2.7 Integration and Functionality of Newborn Cells in the Adult Brain 36
3 Neurogenesis in the Intact Adult Mammalian Central Nervous System 37
3.1 Description of Neurogenic Regions in the Adult Mammalian Brain 37
3.2 Identification of the Adult Neural Stem Cell in the SVZ 57
3.3 Other Proliferating and Neurogenic Centers in the Adult Brain 59
3.4 Distinct Features of Different Species: Comparative Study of Mice and Humans 63
4 Oncogenesis vs. Neurogenesis 73
5 Adult Neurogenesis Under Pathological Stimulation: Ischemia 77
5.1 Concept and Epidemiology 77
5.2 Effects of Ischemia on the Brain and the SVZ 79
5.3 Extracellular Factors and Neurogenesis After Stroke 83
5.4 Stem Cell-Based Therapies in Ischemia 84
6 Therapeutic Potential of Neural Stem Cells 86
7 Concluding Remarks 89
References 92
Index 109

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 21.4.2009
• Reihe/Serie: Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology
• Reihe/Serie: Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology
• Zusatzinfo: XII, 104 p. 31 illus., 15 illus. in color.
• Verlagsort: Berlin
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Studium ► 1. Studienabschnitt (Vorklinik) ► Biochemie / Molekularbiologie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie
• Themenwelt: Technik
• Schlagworte: electron microscopy • hippocampal dentate gyrus • Ischemia • nervous system • Neural Stem Cells • Neurogenesis • neurons • Oncogenesis • subventricular zone
• ISBN-10: 3-540-88719-9 / 3540887199
• ISBN-13: 978-3-540-88719-5 / 9783540887195