Low Dose Radiation

The Histroy of the U.S. Department of Energy Research Program

Antone L. Brooks, Gayle Woloschak (Autoren)

Buch | Softcover

324 Seiten

2018
Washington State University Press (Verlag)
978-0-87422-354-5 (ISBN)

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Antone Brooks grew up close enough to Nevada Test Site nuclear detonations to see the sky light up, feel the shockwaves, and be exposed to radioactive fallout. His long scientific career--from early days trekking into the Uinta Mountains to hunt contaminated deer for tissue samples, to thousands of hours devoted to careful microscope work on chromosomal aberrations in animal studies--has been an increasingly sophisticated search for answers to questions these fallout exposures raised. How dangerous were they? Could they produce cancer? How afraid of low dose radiation should people be?Dr. Brooks served as Chief Scientist for the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE's) new Low Dose Radiation Research Program from 1999 to 2008. During that decade, the group redefined the field. Researchers applied advances in instrumentation and molecular biology from the Human Genome Project and developed new technologies, like the microbeam, to examine cellular response to low dose radiation.

The findings were startling. At low doses, biological reactions are unique and often unrelated to those that occur at high doses. The hugely influential linear-no-threshold model--which predicted that damage from acute exposures can be extrapolated linearly to low dose exposures--was flawed. In fact, small doses of radiation can have an adaptive protective effect. "Hit theory," the idea that radiation only affected cells it directly traversed, yielded to a new "bystander theory," which hypothesizes that cells communicate with each other and a dose to one cell affects others surrounding it.

Low Dose Radiation tells the story of the DOE program's development, the scientists who made it viable, and the fundamental results, highlighting lessons learned--including how that knowledge might be useful in a nuclear event. It describes the impact on current thinking, summarizing the data and providing a scientific basis for setting radiation standards.

Antone L. Brooks, Research Professor Emeritus at Washington State University Tri-Cities, holds a Master of Radiation Ecology and a Ph.D. in Physical Biology. He has contributed to more than 150 professional papers.

Preface

Foreword, by Gayle Woloschak

Summary

Acronyms and Abbreviations

Introduction

1. Life and Times of a Radiation Biologist2. A Brief History of Radiation Biology

3. The Birth of the DOE Low Dose Radiation Research Program

4. Early Observations and New Technology

5. Paradigm Shifts in Low Dose Radiation Biology and Application of Data

6. Biomarkers of Radiation Exposure and Dose

7. Mechanisms of Action

8. Modeling

9. Takin a Systems Biology Approach to Risk

10. Program Communication and Monitoring

11. Current and Potential Impact on Standards

12. Applying Lessons Learned to Future Direction

Epilogue

Appendices

A. BERAC Report Program Plan

B.First Call for Proposals

C. Dose Range Charts

References

Erscheinungsdatum	12.06.2018
Verlagsort	Pullman, WA
Sprache	englisch
Maße	152 x 229 mm
Gewicht	499 g
Themenwelt	Studium ► 1. Studienabschnitt (Vorklinik) ► Histologie / Embryologie
	Studium ► 1. Studienabschnitt (Vorklinik) ► Physiologie
	Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Allgemeines / Lexika
	Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Zellbiologie
	Naturwissenschaften ► Chemie ► Physikalische Chemie
	Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Meteorologie / Klimatologie
	Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie ► Atom- / Kern- / Molekularphysik
ISBN-10	0-87422-354-7 / 0874223547
ISBN-13	978-0-87422-354-5 / 9780874223545
Zustand	Neuware