Amino Acids, Proteins and Cancer Biochemistry (eBook)

Jesse P. Greenstein (Autor)

John T. Edsall (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2014 | 1. Auflage
254 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-1-4832-7053-1 (ISBN)

Infos

Amino Acids, Proteins, and Cancer Biochemistry focuses on the contributions of Jesse P. Greenstein to biological chemistry, including kinetics, protein mixtures, metabolism, tumors, and biosynthesis. The selection first offers information on quantitative nutritional and in vivo metabolic studies with water-soluble, chemically defined diets and internal hydrogen bonding in ribonuclease. Discussions focus on the effects of deuterium on transition temperature, kinetics of deuterium-hydrogen exchange, applications of chemically denned diets, formulation of water-soluble, chemically defined diets, and large-scale preparation of optically pure amino acids. The manuscript then examines the chromatographic evaluation of protein mixtures and observations on the activation of amino acids and biosynthesis of peptide bonds, including synthesis of phenylacetylglutamine and benzoylglycine, studies on amino acyl adenylates, and synthesis of glutamine. The publication ponders on free amino acids and related substances in normal and neoplastic tissues; nucleic acids of normal tissues and tumors; and carbohydrate metabolism in ascites tumor and HeLa cells. Topics include carbohydrate metabolism of ascites tumor cells, comparative biochemistry of glycolysis, DNA and the genetic concept of cancer, and constancy of free amino acid patterns of tissues. The selection is a valuable source of data for biochemists and researchers interested in amino acids, proteins, and cancer biochemistry.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
Amino Acids, Proteins and Cancer Biochemistry 6
Copyright Page 7
Table of Contents 12
CONTRIBUTORS 8
Preface 10
Chapter 1. JESSE PHILIP GREENSTEIN 1902–1959 14
Chapter 2. Quantitative Nutritional and In Vivo Metabolic Studies with Water-Soluble, Chemically Defined Diets 22
Large-Scale Preparation of Optically Pure Amino Acids 22
Formulation of Water-Soluble, Chemically Defined Diets 26
Applications of Chemically Denned Diets 35
Summary 40
REFERENCES 41
Chapter 3. Internal Hydrogen Bonding in Ribonuclease 44
Abnormal Tyrosyl and Carboxyl Groups 45
Kinetics of Deuterium-Hydrogen Exchange 48
Effect of Deuterium on the Transition Temperature 49
Ultraviolet Difference Spectra and Optical Rotation 50
A Model for Ribonuclease 52
Summary 53
REFERENCES 53
Chapter 4. Considerations of the Structure and Function of Carboxypeptidase A 56
Summary 71
REFERENCES 71
Chapter 5. Chromatographie Evaluation of Protein Mixtures 74
General Considerations of Mechanism 76
Stepwise Elution 80
Gradient Elution 82
REFERENCES 96
Chapter 6. Observations on the Activation of Amino Acids and the Biosynthesis of Peptide Bonds 98
Synthesis of Glutamine 100
Synthesis of Phenylacetylglutamine and Benzoylglycine 102
Studies on Amino Acyl Adenylates 103
Synthesis of Carnosine and Related ß-Alanyl and .-Aminobutyryl Peptides 112
Concluding Remarks 118
REFERENCES 119
Chapter 7. Enzyme Activities and Tumor Progression 122
REFERENCES 131
Chapter 8. Free Amino Acids and Related Substances in Normal and Neoplastic Tissues 134
Introduction 134
General Comments Regarding Free Amino Acids of Tissues 135
Constancy of Free Amino Acid Patterns of Tissues: Experimental Alterations of Patterns 138
Free Amino Acids of Tumor Cells and Host Tissues During Progressive Growth of Tumors (Simonsen and Roberts, in preparation) 139
Free Amino Acids in Growing and Regressing Tumors: Effects of Host Resistance, Chemical Agents, and X-Irradiation 143
Some Aspects of Metabolism of Glutamine and Other Free Amino Acids in Tumors 145
Changes in Free or Easily Extractable Amino Acids in Normal and Neoplastic Tissues Undergoing Sterile Autolysis (Simonsen and Roberts, in preparation) 148
Some Chemotherapeutic Implications 151
Will It Be Possible to Devise Better Inhibitors of Glutamine Utilization? 153
Some Comparative Studies of Free Amino Acids 155
Final Comment 156
REFERENCES 157
Chapter 9. The Nucleic Acids of Normal Tissues and Tumors 160
Enzymes, Genes, and Cancer 160
DNA and the Genetic Concept of Cancer 164
RNA and Enzyme Forming Systems (EFS) 170
Heterogeneity of RNA 174
Properties of Transfer and Ribosomal RNA 175
The Nucleus as the Primary Site of RNA Synthesis 177
Summary 183
REFERENCES 183
Chapter 10. Carbohydrate Metabolism in Ascites Tumor and HeLa Cells 188
Carbohydrate Metabolism of Ascites Tumor Cells 190
Carbohydrate Metabolism of HeLa Cells 192
Carbohydrate Metabolislll of Chicken Leucocytes 197
Enzymes of Carbohydrate Metabolism of Brain 198
Comparative Biochemistry of Glycolysis 198
Some Speculation on the Significance of Lactate Formation in Tumors 199
Conclusions and Summary 200
REFERENCES 201
Chapter 11. A Digital Computer Representation of Chemical and Spectroscopic Studies on Chemical Control of Ascites Tumor Cell Metabolism 204
Experimental 206
Results 207
Discussion 221
Summary 224
REFERENCES 224
Bibliography of the Published Work of Jesse P. Greenstein 226
AUTHOR INDEX 242
SUBJECT INDEX 250

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 12.5.2014
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Studium ► 1. Studienabschnitt (Vorklinik) ► Physiologie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Humanbiologie
• Themenwelt: Technik
• ISBN-10: 1-4832-7053-X / 148327053X
• ISBN-13: 978-1-4832-7053-1 / 9781483270531