Human Bioclimatology

Buch | Softcover

XII, 184 Seiten

2011 | 1. Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1998
Springer Berlin (Verlag)
978-3-642-80421-2 (ISBN)

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A. AULICIEMS Living organisms respond to atmospheric variability and variation, and over time morphological and process differentiations occur both within individuals and the species, as well as in the environment itself. In systems language, the concern is with the atmospheric process-response system of energy and matter flows within the biosphere. The study of such interactions between living organ isms and the atmospheric environment falls within the field of bioclimatology, alternatively referred to as biometeorology. Amongst the more readily recognizable study areas under the bioclimatolog that investigate the effects of atmospheric variation and ical umbrella are those variability upon 1. Terrestrial and aquatic ecology (zoological, botanical and ethological), natural resource production and management (including silviculture, agri culture, horticulture, and grassland, wetland, and marine systems). 2. Stress, morbidity and mortality in animals and humans (including physiolog ical and psychological adaptations). 3. The built environment (all aspects of planning, urban design, and architec ture). 4. Economic systems and social activities (including organizational, individual, and group behavior and management). In addition, bioclimatology is very much concerned with the feedback loop, that is both 5. The inadvertent modification of the atmosphere by living systems, especially human, i.e., studies of pollution, changes to atmospheric amenity, and the processes of deterioration of landscape (deforestation and desertification), and 6. The advertent modifications of natural energy and matter flows within urban areas and indoor climate constructions.

In seven review articles, this new volume of the series deals with the effects of the atmospheric environment (i.e. radiation and temperature) on comfort and health of human beings.

Human Bioclimatology: An Introduction.- References.- Techniques for Measuring Solar Ultraviolet Radiation.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Techniques for UV Measurement.- 3 Calibration Techniques.- 4 The History of Measurements.- 5 Networking.- 6 Using UV Data.- 7 Conclusion.- Appendix A List of Instrument Manufacturers.- Appendix B List of National Standards Laboratories and Other Sources of Standard Lamps.- AppendixC Glossary of Terms.- References.- Thermal Adaptation and Variable Indoor Climate Control.- 1 Introduction.- 2 The Biophysics and Thermophysiology of Comfort.- 3 An Adaptive Model.- 4 An Evaluation of Air Conditioning.- 5 Summary.- References.- Sick Building Syndrome and Appropriate Design.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Physical, Chemical and Biological Hypotheses of SBS.- 3 Psychosocial Dimensions of SBS.- 4 Appropriate Design for the Avoidance of SBS: Task Conditioning.- 5 Conclusion.- References.- Bioclimatic Architecture and Solar Energy.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Bioclimatic Architecture.- 3 Energy Conservation.- 4 Solar-Heated Houses.- 5 Design Methods.- 6 Integration.- 7 The CPZ Method.- 8 Recent Developments.- 9 Current Issues.- 10 Conclusions.- References.- Migration, Recreation and Tourism: Human Responses to Climate Differences.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Seasonal Migration.- 3 Climate as an Influence on the Decision to Travel.- 4 Indicators of Tourism-Climate Interdependency.- 5 Human Adaptation: Acclimatization, Preparation and Precaution.- 6 Conclusion.- References.- Climate and Human Mortality: Relationships and Mitigating Measures.- 1 Introduction.- 2 What Is Affecting Weather-Related Mortality?.- 3 Weather-Related Mortality in a Warmer World.- 4 Mitigating Measures to Lessen the Impact of Weather-Related Mortality.- References.

Erscheint lt. Verlag	21.12.2011
Reihe/Serie	Advances in Bioclimatology
Co-Autor	Andris Auliciems, R. Dear de, M. Fagence, L.S. Kalkstein, S. Kevan, S.V. Szokolay, A.R. Webb
Zusatzinfo	XII, 184 p. 9 illus.
Verlagsort	Berlin
Sprache	englisch
Maße	155 x 235 mm
Gewicht	311 g
Themenwelt	Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Arbeits- / Sozial- / Umweltmedizin
	Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Ökologie / Naturschutz
	Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Geologie
	Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Meteorologie / Klimatologie
	Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie ► Angewandte Physik
	Technik
Schlagworte	applied climatology • Biometeorologie • biometeorology • Building Design • climatology • Gebäudeplanung • Health Care • Klima / Klimatologie • Klimatologie • Migration • Weather • Wohlbefinden
ISBN-10	3-642-80421-7 / 3642804217
ISBN-13	978-3-642-80421-2 / 9783642804212
Zustand	Neuware