Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential (eBook)

Its Basics and Clinical Applications

Toshihisa Murofushi, Kimitaka Kaga (Autoren)

eBook Download: PDF

2009 | 2009
VII, 112 Seiten
Springer Tokyo (Verlag)
978-4-431-85908-6 (ISBN)

Infos

The vestibular labyrinth consists of ? ve compartments: the lateral, anterior, and posterior semicircular canals, the utricule, and the saccule. At the beginning of the twentieth century, Robert Bárány proposed the caloric test as a clinical test of the lateral semicircular canal. This test enabled clinicians to assess the individual lateral semicircular canal function easily by using the simple method of irrigating the external ear canal with cold or warm water and observing the induced nyst- mus. We believe that the caloric test was a breakthrough in the ? eld of vestibular research. However, as far as the other compartments were concerned, there was no simple clinical test equal to the caloric test for the lateral semicircular canal function. At the end of the twentieth century, the vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) test was proposed as a new method for assessing the individual saccule function. This test has some unique attributes. First, it uses sound stimulation, even though it is a test of the vestibular system. This appears to be a contradiction n- rophysiologically. As a result, in its early stages there were controversies conce- ing the origin of the responses. However, such controversies have been overcome by basic neurophysiological studies and clinical studies. Above all, sound sensit- ity of the saccular afferents shown in cats and guinea pigs with single-unit recording methods became the main supporting evidence. Nowadays, VEMP is one of the routine clinical tests for balance disorder.

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The vestibular labyrinth consists of ? ve compartments: the lateral, anterior, and posterior semicircular canals, the utricule, and the saccule. At the beginning of the twentieth century, Robert Barany proposed the caloric test as a clinical test of the lateral semicircular canal. This test enabled clinicians to assess the individual lateral semicircular canal function easily by using the simple method of irrigating the external ear canal with cold or warm water and observing the induced nyst- mus. We believe that the caloric test was a breakthrough in the ? eld of vestibular research. However, as far as the other compartments were concerned, there was no simple clinical test equal to the caloric test for the lateral semicircular canal function. At the end of the twentieth century, the vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) test was proposed as a new method for assessing the individual saccule function. This test has some unique attributes. First, it uses sound stimulation, even though it is a test of the vestibular system. This appears to be a contradiction n- rophysiologically. As a result, in its early stages there were controversies conce- ing the origin of the responses. However, such controversies have been overcome by basic neurophysiological studies and clinical studies. Above all, sound sensit- ity of the saccular afferents shown in cats and guinea pigs with single-unit recording methods became the main supporting evidence. Nowadays, VEMP is one of the routine clinical tests for balance disorder.

Inhalt

Preface 5
Contents 7
Part I Introduction 8
Introduction 9
Part II Basics 12
Overview of the Vestibular System 13
Sound Sensitivity of the Vestibular End- Organs and Sound- Evoked Vestibulocollic Refl exes in Mammals 24
Recording and Assessing VEMPs 29
VEMP Variants 38
Part III Clinical Applications 51
Meniere’s Disease and Related Disorders: Detection of Saccular Endolymphatic Hydrops 52
Vestibular Neuritis (Neurolabyrinthitis) and Other Peripheral Vestibulopathies: Detection of Inferior Vestibular Nerve Damage 63
Superior Canal Dehiscence Syndrome and VEMPs: Detection of Hypersensitivity of the Vestibular System to Sound 76
Migraine-Associated Vertigo and VEMPs: Detection of Vestibular Signs in a Common but Unclear Entity 81
Acoustic Neuroma and Other Cerebellopontine Angle Tumors: Detecting a Neoplasm in the Cerebellopontine Angle 86
Disorders of the Central Nervous System and VEMPs: Detecting Lesions in the Vestibulospinal Pathway 95
Part IV Pediatric Applications 101
Neurootological Application of VEMP Recording During Infancy and Childhood 102
Subject Index 111

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 28.3.2009
• Zusatzinfo: VII, 112 p.
• Verlagsort: Tokyo
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► HNO-Heilkunde
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Neurologie
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Pädiatrie
• Themenwelt: Studium ► 1. Studienabschnitt (Vorklinik) ► Biochemie / Molekularbiologie
• Schlagworte: clinical application • Clinical neurophysiology • Evoked potential • nervous system • Neuroscience • Otolith • Vestibular
• ISBN-10: 4-431-85908-X / 443185908X
• ISBN-13: 978-4-431-85908-6 / 9784431859086