Knowledge Graphs (eBook)

Methodology, Tools and Selected Use Cases

Dieter Fensel, Umutcan Şimşek, Kevin Angele, Elwin Huaman, Elias Kärle, Oleksandra Panasiuk, Ioan Toma, Jürgen Umbrich, Alexander Wahler (Autoren)

eBook Download: PDF

2020 | 1st ed. 2020
XVI, 148 Seiten
Springer International Publishing (Verlag)
978-3-030-37439-6 (ISBN)

Infos

This book describes methods and tools that empower information providers to build and maintain knowledge graphs, including those for manual, semi-automatic, and automatic construction; implementation; and validation and verification of semantic annotations and their integration into knowledge graphs. It also presents lifecycle-based approaches for semi-automatic and automatic curation of these graphs, such as approaches for assessment, error correction, and enrichment of knowledge graphs with other static and dynamic resources.

Chapter 1 defines knowledge graphs, focusing on the impact of various approaches rather than mathematical precision. Chapter 2 details how knowledge graphs are built, implemented, maintained, and deployed. Chapter 3 then introduces relevant application layers that can be built on top of such knowledge graphs, and explains how inference can be used to define views on such graphs, making it a useful resource for open and service-oriented dialog systems. Chapter 4 discusses applications of knowledge graph technologies for e-tourism and use cases for other verticals. Lastly, Chapter 5 provides a summary and sketches directions for future work. The additional appendix introduces an abstract syntax and semantics for domain specifications that are used to adapt schema.org to specific domains and tasks.

To illustrate the practical use of the approaches presented, the book discusses several pilots with a focus on conversational interfaces, describing how to exploit knowledge graphs for e-marketing and e-commerce. It is intended for advanced professionals and researchers requiring a brief introduction to knowledge graphs and their implementation. 

                 

       

          

Dieter Fensel is the director of the STI Innsbruck research group at the University of Innsbruck's Department of Computer Science. He has written over 300 scientific publications, including books, journals and conference papers, and workshop contributions. As one of the pioneers of research in the Semantic Web, he co-founded major scientific events such as the Extended Semantic Web Conference (ESWC) and the International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC). His research interests currently focus on the development of knowledge graphs and various aspects of the knowledge graph lifecycle. He has successfully applied his research in industry by co-founding companies like seekda (now part of Kognitiv) and Onlim, which are active in conversational interfaces and knowledge graphs. 

The book has been co-authored under his guidance, by his team of researchers at STI Innsbruck (Kevin Angele, Elwin Huaman, Elias Kärle, Oleksandra Panasiuk and Umutcan ?im?ek) and Onlim GmbH (Alexander Wahler, Jürgen Umbrich and Ioan Toma).

        

Inhalt

Foreword 5
Preface 8
Acknowledgment 11
Contents 12
Chapter 1: Introduction: What Is a Knowledge Graph? 14
1.1 Introduction 14
1.2 A Conceptual Definition of Knowledge Graphs 15
1.3 An Empirical Definition of Knowledge Graphs 19
1.3.1 Open Knowledge Graphs 19
1.3.2 Proprietary Knowledge Graphs 22
Chapter 2: How to Build a Knowledge Graph 24
2.1 Introduction 24
2.2 Knowledge Creation 26
2.2.1 Knowledge Creation Methodology 27
2.2.2 Our Modelling Language 28
2.2.3 Knowledge Generation Tools 33
2.2.3.1 Manual Editing 33
2.2.3.2 Semi-automatic Editing 36
2.2.3.3 Mapping 36
2.2.3.4 Automatic Annotation Tools 37
2.2.3.5 Evaluation 41
2.3 Knowledge Hosting 44
2.3.1 Collection, Storage, and Retrieval of Semantic Annotations 45
2.3.2 Collection, Storage, and Retrieval of Knowledge Graphs 47
2.4 Knowledge Curation 48
2.4.1 A Maximal Simple Knowledge Representation Formalism 49
2.4.2 Knowledge Assessment 50
2.4.2.1 Literature 50
2.4.2.2 Task Types 55
2.4.2.3 Methods and Tools 56
2.4.3 Knowledge Cleaning 59
2.4.3.1 Literature 60
2.4.3.2 Task Types 60
2.4.3.3 Methods and Tools 62
2.4.3.4 Summary 64
2.4.4 Knowledge Enrichment 65
2.4.4.1 Literature 66
2.4.4.2 Task Types 68
2.4.4.3 Methods and Tools 68
2.4.4.4 Summary 74
2.4.5 Summary on Knowledge Curation 74
2.5 Knowledge Deployment: The Use of the Pudding Is in the Eating 75
Chapter 3: How to Use a Knowledge Graph 82
3.1 Introduction 82
3.2 Merging Artificial Intelligence and the Internet 83
3.2.1 60 Years of AI in a Glimpse 83
3.2.2 The Web (for Bots) 84
3.2.3 Summary 91
3.3 Knowledge Access Layer 91
3.3.1 Loosely Connected TBoxes Defining Logic-Based Views on Knowledge Graphs 92
3.3.2 Dynamic and Active Data: Semantic Web Services 96
3.4 Open and Service-Oriented Dialog Systems 98
3.4.1 Open Dialog Systems 98
3.4.2 Service-Guided Dialogs 104
3.4.3 Summary 105
Chapter 4: Why We Need Knowledge Graphs: Applications 107
4.1 Introduction 107
4.2 The Market 108
4.3 Motivation and Solution 109
4.4 Touristic Use Cases 113
4.5 Energy Use Cases 119
4.6 Further Verticals 122
4.7 Summary 123
Chapter 5: Conclusions 125
Appendix 128
A.1 Abstract Syntax and Semantics of Domain Specifications 128
A.1.1 SHACL (As We Adopt) 129
A.1.2 Conceptual Description of Domain Specification 130
A.1.2.1 Simple Domain Specification (SDS) 130
A.1.2.2 Restriction Domain Specification 131
A.1.2.3 Extension Domain Specification 131
A.1.3 Abstract Syntax 131
A.1.4 Semantics 137
References 139
Index 154

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 31.1.2020
• Zusatzinfo: XVI, 148 p. 16 illus., 8 illus. in color.
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Mathematik / Informatik ► Informatik
• Schlagworte: knowledge graphs • Knowledge Representation and Reasoning • Ontologies • OWL-Web Ontologies Language • RDF-Resource Description Framework • schema.org • Semantic networks • Semantics • web applications • Web Crawling • Web Services
• ISBN-10: 3-030-37439-4 / 3030374394
• ISBN-13: 978-3-030-37439-6 / 9783030374396