Fishing, Foraging and Farming in the Bolivian Amazon (eBook)

On a Local Society in Transition

Lisa Ringhofer (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF

2009 | 2010
XVIII, 249 Seiten
Springer Netherland (Verlag)
978-90-481-3487-8 (ISBN)

Infos

Empirical in character, this book analyses the society-nature interaction of the Tsimane', a rural indigenous community in the Bolivian Amazon. Following a common methodological framework, the material and energy flow (MEFA) approach, it gives a detailed account of the biophysical exchange relations the community entertains with its natural environment: the socio-economic use of energy, materials, land and time. Equally so, the book provides a deeper insight into the local base of sociometabolic transition processes and their inherent dynamics of change. The local community described in this publication stands for the many thousands of rural systems in developing countries that, in light of an ever more globalising world, are currently steering a similar - but maybe differently-paced - development course. This book presents insightful methodological and conceptual advances in the field of sustainability science and provides a vital reader for students and researchers of human ecology, ecological anthropology, and environmental sociology. It equally contributes to improving professional development work methods.

Inhalt

191345_1_En_BookFrontmatter_OnlinePDF.pdf 1
Anchor 1 4
Anchor 2 6
Anchor 3 12
191345_1_En_1_Chapter_OnlinePDF.pdf 15
Chapter 1 15
Introduction: Setting the Stage 15
1.1 Introduction 15
1.2 Introducing Society, Nature and Transitions 17
1.3 Introducing the MEFA Framework 18
1.4 Fieldwork Among the Tsimane’ 20
1.5 What the Book Says 25
References 28
191345_1_En_2_Chapter_OnlinePDF.pdf 31
Chapter 2 31
Sociometabolic Transitions and the MEFA Toolkit: Concepts and Methods 31
2.1 Introduction 31
2.2 Sociometabolic Sustainability Transitions 32
2.2.1 Characterising a Sustainability Transition 32
2.2.2 Sociometabolic Regimes and Transitions: Theoretical Considerations 34
2.3 The MEFA Framework Toolkit 36
2.3.1 Social Metabolism 37
2.3.1.1 Scholarly Origins of Social Metabolism 37
2.3.1.2 Material and Energy Flow Accounting 41
Material Flow Accounting (MFA) 41
How To Do MFA Accounting? 43
MFA Indicators 45
Energy Flow Accounting (EFA) 46
EFA Indicators 47
2.3.2 Colonization of Terrestrial Ecosystems 47
2.3.2.1 Colonization Intensity Indicator: HANPP 48
2.3.3 Functional Time Use 49
2.3.3.1 Human Time Use and Social Metabolism 50
2.4 Conclusion 52
References 53
191345_1_En_3_Chapter_OnlinePDF.pdf 58
Chapter 3 58
Exploring an Indigenous World in the Bolivian Amazon: The Case of the Tsimane’ 58
3.1 Introduction 58
3.2 The Tsimane’ Habitat 59
3.2.1 Biogeographical Features 60
3.3 Landscape and Cosmos: Bridging the Natural and the Cultural 62
3.3.1 Cosmic Landmarks 63
3.3.2 The Forest and Its Use 65
3.3.3 The River and Its Use 68
3.3.4 Farming Myths 71
3.4 Tsimane’ History of Contact 73
3.4.1 From Sporadic Encounter 73
3.4.2 To Permanent Links 76
3.4.2.1 Tsimane’ Growing Economic Relations with Outsiders 76
3.4.2.2 Colonisation Programmes and Mounting Social Conflict 78
3.4.2.3 Protective Measures and Tsimane’ Land Claims 80
3.4.2.4 The Beni Biosphere Reserve (BBR) 81
3.4.2.5 More Recent Missionary Efforts 82
3.5 Settlement and Community Life 85
3.5.1 Demography and Settlement 85
3.5.2 The Private and the Public Sphere 88
3.5.2.1 The Household 88
3.5.2.2 Beyond the Household 89
3.5.2.3 Patterns of Leadership 92
3.6 Conclusion 93
References 93
191345_1_En_4_Chapter_OnlinePDF.pdf 96
Chapter 4 96
Stocks, Flows and Land Use: The Metabolic Profile of Campo Bello 96
4.1 Introduction 96
4.2 The Community Setting 97
4.2.1 Village Demography 101
4.2.2 The Social and Political Sphere 103
4.2.2.1 Village Hierarchy and Leadership 103
4.2.2.2 Communal Gatherings and Group Settings 105
4.2.3 The Village Economy 106
4.3 The Sociometabolic Profile of Campo Bello 109
4.3.1 Field Methodology on Stocks, Flows and Land Use 109
4.3.2 Local Material Stocks 117
4.3.2.1 Human and Livestock Population 117
4.3.2.2 Housing Infrastructure 118
4.3.2.3 Household Artefacts 122
4.3.3 Local Material Flows 123
4.3.3.1 Domestic Extraction 124
4.3.3.2 Imports 130
4.3.3.3 Nutritional Flows 132
4.3.3.4 Water Use 134
4.3.3.5 Outputs 136
4.3.3.6 Exports 138
4.3.3.7 (Un)Sustainabiltiy Indicators 142
4.3.4 Local Energy Flows 143
4.3.4.1 Domestic Extraction 143
4.3.4.2 Imports 146
4.3.4.3 Exports 146
4.3.4.4 (Un)Sustainability Indicators 147
4.3.4.5 Conversion Processes 147
4.3.5 Local Colonizing Strategies 150
4.3.5.1 Kitchen Gardens 150
4.3.5.2 Agricultural Fields 151
4.3.5.3 Fallows 155
4.3.5.4 Human Appropriation of Net Primary Production (HANPP) 156
NPP0 157
NPPact 157
NPPh 159
HANPP 160
4.3.6 Possibilities, Constraints and Future Prospects 160
4.3.6.1 Primary Energy Use 160
4.3.6.2 Nutrition and Dependency 161
4.3.6.3 Final and Useful Energy 162
4.3.6.4 Material Use 163
4.3.6.5 Demography and Water Use 165
4.3.6.6 Colonization Intensity – HANPP 165
4.4 Conclusion 166
References 167
191345_1_En_5_Chapter_OnlinePDF.pdf 171
Chapter 5 171
Time, Work, and Other Functions 171
5.1 Introducing and Embedding the Use of Time 171
5.1.1 Time Use Studies Revisited 173
5.1.2 Explaining the Functional Subsystems 176
5.2 The Collection, Coding and Classification Process 177
5.3 The Qualitative Order 181
5.3.1 Introducing the Daily Round 181
5.4 The Quantitative Order 182
5.4.1 Socially Disposable Labour Time 182
5.4.2 Time Investments in All Functional Subsystems 188
5.4.2.1 The Person System 189
5.4.2.2 The Household System 192
5.4.2.3 The Economic System 194
5.4.2.4 The Community System 198
5.4.3 Time, Cash and Efficiencies 199
5.4.3.1 Cash Incomes: Agriculture, Gathering and Livestock Exports 199
5.4.3.2 Cash Incomes: Wage Labour 201
5.4.3.3 Cash Investments 202
5.5 Conclusion: Discussing Opportunities and Time Squeeze 203
References 209
191345_1_En_6_Chapter_OnlinePDF.pdf 211
Chapter 6 211
Comparing Local Transitions Across The Developing World 211
6.1 Introduction 211
6.2 Introducing SangSaeng, Nalang and Trinket2 213
6.2.1 Site One: SangSaeng 213
6.2.2 Site Two: Nalang 215
6.2.3 Site Three: Trinket 216
6.3 Agricultural Intensification and Regime Transitions 218
6.4 Biophysical Indicators of Intensification 222
6.4.1 Ecological Parameters 222
6.4.2 Agro-economic Parameters 224
6.4.2.1 Agricultural Intensification 224
6.4.2.2 Food Security, Self-Sufficiency and Dependency 226
6.4.3 Human Labour Time Parameters 231
6.5 Driving Forces for Change 233
6.5.1 Population Dynamics and Density 233
6.5.2 Access to Markets 236
6.5.3 Direct State Interventions and Other Development 238
6.6 Conclusion: Lessons from Contemporary Transitions 240
References 244
191345_1_En_7_Chapter_OnlinePDF.pdf 246
Chapter 7 246
Local Visions for a Global Future 246
7.1 Introduction 246
7.2 What Have We Learnt? 247
References 252
191345_1_En_BookBackmatter_OnlinePDF.pdf 253

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 1.12.2009
• Zusatzinfo: XVIII, 249 p.
• Verlagsort: Dordrecht
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften
• Themenwelt: Studium ► 1. Studienabschnitt (Vorklinik) ► Biochemie / Molekularbiologie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Ökologie / Naturschutz
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Zoologie
• Themenwelt: Sozialwissenschaften ► Ethnologie
• Themenwelt: Sozialwissenschaften ► Politik / Verwaltung
• Themenwelt: Sozialwissenschaften ► Soziologie
• Themenwelt: Technik
• Themenwelt: Wirtschaft
• Schlagworte: Ecology • Environment • Fishing • MEFA • Metabolism • sustainability • Time Use • Transition • Tsimane
• ISBN-10: 90-481-3487-0 / 9048134870
• ISBN-13: 978-90-481-3487-8 / 9789048134878