3rd International Conference on the Application of Superabsorbent Polymers (SAP) and Other New Admixtures Towards Smart Concrete (eBook)

William P. Boshoff, Riaan Combrinck, Viktor Mechtcherine, Mateusz Wyrzykowski (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2019 | 1st ed. 2020
XXIII, 258 Seiten
Springer International Publishing (Verlag)
978-3-030-33342-3 (ISBN)

Infos

The book gathers the peer-reviewed contributions presented at the 3rd International Conference on Application of Superabsorbent Polymers (SAP) and Other New Admixtures towards Smart Concrete, held in Skukuza, South Africa, on November 25-27, 2019. It features papers focusing on the behavior of SAP in concrete (in particular the absorption behavior) as well as the effect of SAP on fresh and hardened concrete properties. It also covers topics such as other modern admixtures, in particular rheology-modifying admixtures, including the recently emerging field of bio- or waste-derived admixtures. The conference builds on the experience and summarizes the activities of the RILEM Technical Committee 260-RSC 'Recommendations for Use of Superabsorbent Polymers in Concrete Construction' and addresses other prominent research activities in the field of concrete admixtures.

Inhalt

Preface 6
Contents 8
RILEM Publications 12
RILEM Proceedings (PRO) 12
RILEM Proceedings (PRO) 22
Microstructure, Hydration and Absorption 25
Calorimetry Analysis of High Strength Cement Pastes Containing Superabsorbent Polymer (SAP) 26
Abstract 26
1 Introduction 26
2 Materials and Methods 28
3 Analisys and Results 31
4 Conclusions 32
Acknowledgements 33
References 33
Comparison of Sorption Assessment Methods for Superabsorbent Polymers 34
Abstract 34
1 Introduction 34
2 Materials and Methods 35
3 Results and Discussion 37
4 Conclusions 40
Acknowledgments 41
References 41
Altering the Crosslinking Density of Polyacrylamide Hydrogels to Increase Swelling Capacity and Promote Calcium Hydroxide Growth in Cement Voids 43
Abstract 43
1 Introduction 43
2 Materials and Methods 44
3 Results and Discussion 46
3.1 PAM Characterization 46
3.2 Cement Microstructure and Compression Testing 47
References 50
X-Ray Micro Tomography of Water Absorption by Superabsorbent Polymers in Mortar 52
Abstract 52
1 Introduction 52
2 Methods 53
2.1 Materials and Sample Preparation 53
2.2 Micro-CT Differential Dynamic Scanning 55
3 Results 56
4 Conclusion 58
Acknowledgments 59
References 59
Characterization of Neutral Versus Anionic Superabsorbent Polymers (SAPs) in Ion-Rich Solutions for Their Use as Internal Curing Agents 61
Abstract 61
1 Introduction 61
2 Experimental 63
2.1 Materials 63
2.2 SAP Preparation 63
2.3 SAP Characterizations 64
3 Result and Discussion 65
3.1 SAP Characterizations 65
4 Conclusion 67
References 67
Evaluation of Absorption Capacity and Spacing of Superabsorbent Polymer Particles in Cement Paste 69
Abstract 69
1 Introduction 69
2 Experimental 70
2.1 Materials and Production of Specimens Containing SAP 70
2.2 Determination of Particle Size Distribution of SAP 71
2.3 Nearest Neighbor Distance Distribution Between SAP Particles and a Distance from a Given Location to SAP Particles 72
3 Results and Discussion 73
3.1 Estimation of Absorption Capacity 73
3.2 Number Intensity of SAP Estimated by Fundamental Stereology Formulae 74
3.3 Distance Between SAP Particles 75
4 Conclusions 76
References 77
Mechanical Properties and Durability 78
Effect of SAP on the Freeze-Thaw Resistance of Concrete: Tests According to Russian Standards 79
Abstract 79
1 Introduction 79
2 Russian Standard on Frost Resistance 80
3 Materials and Test Methods 81
4 Results and Discussion 82
5 Conclusions 85
Acknowledgements 86
References 86
Influence of Superabsorbent Polymers on Properties of High-Performance Concrete with Active Supplementary Cementitious Materials of Nigeria 87
Abstract 87
1 Introduction 88
2 Experimental Procedure 89
2.1 Materials 89
2.2 Methods 90
2.2.1 Properties of Constituent Materials 90
2.2.2 HPC Specimen Preparation 90
2.2.3 Water Absorption 91
2.2.4 Compressive Strength 91
3 Results and Discussion 91
3.1 Physical and Chemical Properties of Constituent Materials 91
3.2 Fresh Properties of HPC 92
3.3 Hardened Properties of HPCs 93
3.3.1 Compressive Strength of HPCs 93
3.3.2 Water Absorption of HPCs 94
4 Conclusion 94
Acknowledgement 95
References 95
Comparative Study of Superabsorbent Polymers and Pre-soaked Pumice as Internal Curing Agents in Rice Husk Ash Based High-Performance Concrete 97
Abstract 97
1 Introduction 98
2 Experimental Procedure 99
2.1 Materials 99
2.2 Methods 100
2.2.1 Properties of Constituent Materials 100
2.2.2 HPC Specimen Production 100
2.2.3 Compressive Strength and Density 101
3 Results and Discussion 101
3.1 Physical and Chemical Properties 101
3.2 Compressive Strength of HPCs 102
4 Conclusion and Recommendation 104
Acknowledgement 104
References 105
Long-Term Parameters of New Cement Composites 107
Abstract 107
1 Introduction 107
2 Materials and Methods 108
3 Results and Discussion 112
4 Conclusion 114
Acknowledgments 115
References 115
Shrinkage and Associated Cracking 117
The Effect of SAP on Volumetric Changes and Microstructural Alterations in PC-GGBS Matrices 118
Abstract 118
1 Introduction 118
2 Experimental Programme 119
3 Results and Discussions 121
4 Conclusions 125
Acknowledgements 125
References 125
Exploring Different Choices of “Time Zero” in the Autogenous Shrinkage Deformation of Cement Pastes Containing Superabsorbent Polymers 127
Abstract 127
1 Introduction 128
2 Materials and Methods 129
2.1 Mixture Compositions 129
2.2 Measuring the Autogenous Shrinkage 130
2.3 The Hardening of the Mixtures 130
2.4 The Build-Up in the Capillary Pressure 130
3 Results and Discussion 131
4 Conclusion 133
Acknowledgments 134
References 134
Comparative Study Between Strain Gages for Determination of Autogenous Shrinkage 135
Abstract 135
1 Introduction 135
2 Experimental Program 137
2.1 Methods 138
3 Results and Discussion 139
4 Conclusion 142
Acknowledgments 142
References 142
Dewatering Kinetics from Fresh Cement Pastes Enriched with Superabsorbent Polymer (SAP) Samples at Ambient and Elevated Temperatures Visualised and Quantified by Neutron Radiography Imaging 144
Abstract 144
1 Introduction 145
2 Experimental 145
3 Results and Discussion 147
4 Conclusion 150
Acknowledgements 151
References 151
Kinetics of SAPs During Hardening, Drying and Healing in Cementitious Materials Studied by NMR 153
Abstract 153
1 Introduction 154
2 Materials and Methods 154
3 Results 156
4 Conclusions 159
Acknowledgements 159
References 159
Rheology and Admixtures 161
The Role of Chemical Admixtures in the Formulation of Modern Advanced Concrete 162
Abstract 162
1 Polycarboxylate (PCE) Superplasticizers 162
1.1 Current PCE Technology 162
1.2 New PCE Products 165
1.3 Tailoring PCEs to Specific Applications 166
2 Early Strength Enhancing Admixtures 168
3 Stabilizers 169
4 Shrinkage-Reducing Admixtures 171
5 New Admixture Technologies – What Can We Expect in the Future? 172
5.1 Improved Curing Agents 172
5.2 Admixtures Improving the Ductility of Concrete 172
6 Conclusion 174
References 174
Bio-Based Rheology Modifiers for High Performance Concrete – Possible Modes of Actions and Case Study for Cassava Starch in West Africa 177
Abstract 177
1 Introduction 178
2 Experimental Setup 178
2.1 Materials 178
2.2 Flow Diameter 179
2.3 Zeta Potentials and Hydrodynamic Diameters 179
3 Results and Discussion of the Flow Tests 179
4 Case Study: Cocrete Value Chains with Cassava Waste 183
5 Conclusions 184
Acknowledgements 184
References 184
Influence of Supplementary Cementitious Materials and Superplasticisers on the Rheological Properties of Concrete 186
Abstract 186
1 Introduction 186
2 Materials 187
3 Test Methodology 188
4 Results and Discussion 189
4.1 Influence of Superplasticisers 189
4.2 Influence of SCM 190
4.3 Interaction Between SCM and Superplasticisers 191
4.4 Effect of PCE on Stress Growth in the Presence of Gypsum 192
5 Conclusion 193
Acknowledgements 193
References 193
Acacia Karroo as Potential Admixture for Hot African Weather 195
Abstract 195
1 Introduction 195
2 Objectives 196
3 Durability of Concrete 197
4 Expimental Framework 197
5 Results and Discussion 199
6 Conclusions 201
References 201
Used Oil as an Admixture to Improve the Rheological Properties of Concrete 203
Abstract 203
1 Introduction 203
2 Research Significance 204
3 Experimental Program 205
3.1 Test Setup 205
3.2 Mixtures and Materials 205
4 Results 206
4.1 Slump Test 206
4.2 Air-Content 206
4.3 Compressive Strength 207
4.4 Rheology 207
5 Conclusion 208
Acknowlegdements 209
References 209
Effect of Different Molecular Weights and Chemical Composition of Superplasticizers on the Structural Build-up of Cement Paste Using Dynamic Oscillatory Rheology 211
Abstract 211
1 Introduction 211
2 Materials and Methods 213
2.1 Materials 213
2.2 Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) 213
2.3 Cement Dispersion Testing 213
2.4 Dynamic Oscillatory Rheology 214
3 Results and Discussion 214
3.1 Characterization of PCE Polymers 214
3.2 Cement Dispersion 214
3.3 Dynamic Strain Sweep 215
3.4 Structural build up- dynamic time sweep 216
4 Conclusions 217
Acknowlegements 218
References 218
Compatibility Between Cement and Superplasticiser in Combination with Fines, Gypsum and Fly Ash 219
Abstract 219
1 Introduction 219
2 Experimental Framework 220
3 Experimental Results and Discussion 223
3.1 Influence of Superplasticiser 223
3.2 Influence of Gypsum and Superplasticiser 224
3.3 Influence of Fly Ash and Superplasticiser 225
3.4 Influence of Gypsum and Dust Fillers 225
4 Conclusion 226
5 Acknowledgements 227
References 227
Applications and Innovations 228
Application of Nano-silica Particles to Improve the Mechanical Properties of High Performance Concrete Containing Superabsorbent Polymers 229
Abstract 229
1 Introduction 230
1.1 The Superabsorbent Polymer (SAP) 230
1.2 The Use of Nano Materials 230
2 Materials and Mixtures Proportions 231
3 Test Methods 233
3.1 Mechanical Properties 233
3.2 Autogenous Shrinkage 234
4 Results and Discussion 234
4.1 Mechanical Properties 234
4.2 Autogenous Shrinkage 236
5 Conclusions 237
References 238
Cement Replacement and Improved Hydration in Ultra-High Performance Concrete Using Biochar 240
Abstract 240
1 Introduction 240
2 Materials and Methodology 242
3 Results and Discussions 243
4 Conclusion 246
Acknowledgment 246
References 246
Solidification of Two-Component Grouts by the Use of Superabsorbent Polymers as Activator 248
Abstract 248
1 Introduction 248
2 Annular Gap Grouting 250
3 Experimental Studies 251
4 Conclusion 255
Acknowledgement 255
References 255
Internal Curing Using Superabsorbent Polymers for Alkali Activated Slag-Fly Ash Mixtures 257
Abstract 257
1 Introduction 257
2 Materials and Methods 258
3 Results and Discussion 259
4 Conclusions 264
References 264
Effect of High Plasticiser Dosage on Ultra High-Performance Fibre Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) 266
Abstract 266
1 Introduction 266
2 Experimental Programme 268
3 Experimental Results and Discussion 271
4 Conclusion 272
References 273
Author Index 274

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 20.11.2019
• Reihe/Serie: RILEM Bookseries
• Reihe/Serie: RILEM Bookseries
• Zusatzinfo: XXIII, 258 p. 126 illus., 86 illus. in color.
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Bauwesen
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Maschinenbau
• Themenwelt: Wirtschaft
• Schlagworte: admixtures • High Performance Concrete • high strength concrete • RILEM • SAP • superabsorbent polymers
• ISBN-10: 3-030-33342-6 / 3030333426
• ISBN-13: 978-3-030-33342-3 / 9783030333423