Private Security and the Law (eBook)

Charles Nemeth (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF | EPUB

2011 | 4. Auflage
640 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-12-386923-4 (ISBN)

Infos

Private Security and the Law, Fourth Edition, is a unique resource that provides a comprehensive analysis of practices in the security industry as they relate to law, regulation, licensure, and constitutional questions of case and statutory authority. It is an authoritative, scholarly treatise that serves as a solid introduction for students regarding the legal and ethical standards that shape the industry. The book takes you step-by-step through the analysis of case law as it applies to situations commonly faced by security practitioners. It describes the legal requirements faced by security firms and emphasizes the liability problems common to security operations, including negligence and tortious liability, civil actions frequently litigated, and strategies to avoid legal actions that affect business efficiency. It also examines the constitutional and due-process dimensions of private security both domestically and internationally, including recent cases and trends that are likely to intensify in the future. New features of this edition include: a chapter on the legal implications of private contractors operating in war zones like Afghanistan; updated coverage of statutory authority, as well as state and federal processes of oversight and licensure; and special analysis of public-private cooperative relationships in law enforcement. A historical background helps readers understand the present by seeing the full context of recent developments. This book will appeal to: students in physical security, security management, and criminal justice programs in traditional and for-profit schools; security professionals; and those working in law enforcement. - Authoritative, scholarly treatise sheds light on this increasingly important area of the law - Historical background helps readers understand the present by seeing the full context of recent developments - National scope provides crucial parameters to security practitioners throughout the US - NEW TO THIS EDITION! A chapter on the legal implications of private contractors operating in war zones like Afghanistan, updated coverage of statutory authority, updated coverage of state and federal processes of oversight and licensure, special analysis of public-private cooperative relationships in law enforcement

Charles Nemeth, JD, Ph.D., LL.M. is currently a professor and the Chair of the Security, Fire and Emergency Management Department at the John Jay College of Criminal Justice in New York, NY. He is a widely published author with over 30 titles to his credit and is a regular consultant to security companies. He holds a JD from the University of Baltimore and a post doctoral degree in Law, Psychiatry and Criminology, the LL.M., from the National Law Center of George Washington University. Dr. Nemeth is a recognized expert in private sector justice, ethical issues in law and legal analysis and appellate practice, and also holds a Ph.D. in Philosophy from Duquesne University. For more than two decades, he has practiced law in both the civil and criminal arena, specializing in personal injury and criminal litigation, and has been active in the North Carolina, New York and Pennsylvania Bars. He regularly consults with collegiate institutions and private sector justice entities.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
Private Security and the Law 4
Copyright 5
Dedication 6
Table of Contents 8
Acknowledgments 12
Chapter 1: Historical Foundations of Private Security 14
Historical Foundations 16
The Middle Ages 16
Colonial America 18
Law Enforcement in the Industrial Revolution 19
Coming of Age: Private Security 21
Lack of an Effective Public Force 21
Movement of Goods and Services 21
The Pinkerton Factor: Industrialization and Unionization 22
Western U.S. Expansionism 24
Contemporary Private Security 25
Discussion Questions 29
Notes 29
Chapter 2: Regulation, Licensing, Education, and Training 34
Introduction: The Impetus for Increased Regulation 34
Federal Regulation 41
State Regulation 43
Age 45
Experience Requirements 45
Licensure 47
Personal Character 50
Education and Training 52
Professional and Continuing Education 64
Model Educational Programs: Curricula 66
Ethical Considerations 70
Summary 76
Discussion Questions 76
Notes 77
Chapter 3: The Law of Arrest, Search,and Seizure: Applications in the Private Sector 82
Introduction 82
Constitutional Framework of American Criminal Justice 84
Arrest and Private Sector Justice 85
The Law of Citizen’s Arrest: The Private Security Standard 86
Time of the Arrest 93
Presence and Commission 93
The Law of Search and Seizure: Private Police 99
Challenges to the Safe Harbor of Private Security 102
The Platinum Platter Doctrine 104
Private Action as State Action 105
The Public Function of Private Security 111
Color of State Law: A Legislative Remedy 116
Constitutional Prognosis for Private Security 119
Summary 121
Discussion Questions 122
Notes 123
Chapter 4: Civil Liability of Security Personnel 130
Introduction 130
The Nature of Civil Liability 134
Classification of Civil Wrongs/Torts 136
Intentional Torts 137
Assault 137
Battery 139
False Imprisonment 139
Infliction of Emotional or Mental Distress 146
Malicious Prosecution 147
Defamation 148
Invasion of Privacy 149
Negligence 155
Nature of duty 156
Duty and foreseeability 157
Negligence and Security Management 161
Personnel practices 161
Negligent retention 162
Negligent Assignment and Entrustment 163
Negligent Supervision 169
Negligent Training 169
Strict Liability Torts 171
Vicarious Liability 171
Miscellaneous Issues in Vicarious Liability 175
Nondelegable Duty 175
Principal's Liability for Punitive Damages 176
Contractual Limitations 176
Remedies under the Civil Rights Act: 42 U.S.C. 1983 177
``Private´´ Applications of §1983 179
State Regulations as Providing Color of State Law 183
The Public Function Theory 185
The Nexus Theory 186
Discussion Questions 193
Notes 194
Chapter 5: Criminal Liability of Security Personnel 204
Introduction: The Problem of Criminal Liability 204
Criminal Liability under the Federal Civil Rights Acts 205
Criminal Liability and the Regulatory Process 206
Criminal Acts 209
Defenses to Criminal Acts: Self-Help 213
Personal Self-Defense 214
Use of Force in Self-Protection 215
Protection of Other Persons 216
Defense of Property 218
Procedural Questions 220
Private Security and Miranda Warnings 221
Summary 225
Discussion Questions 226
Notes 226
Chapter 6: The Enforcement of Laws and the Collection, Preservation, and Interpretation of Evidence 232
Introduction: Private Security’s Role in Enforcing the Law 233
Defining Criminal Liability 233
The Criminal Act (Actus Reus) 234
The Criminal Mind (Mens Rea) 235
General Requirements of Culpability. 237
Classification of Criminal Offenses and Related Penalties 238
Specific Types of Crimes and Offenses 240
Offenses against the Person 240
Felonious Homicide 240
Murder 240
Manslaughter 241
Felony Murder Rule 242
Assault 243
Sexual Offenses 246
Offenses against the Habitation and Other Buildings 273
Arson 273
Burglary 274
Robbery 280
Theft or Larceny 280
Theft By Deception88/False Pretenses 283
Theft By Extortion 283
Theft Of Property Lost, Mislaid, or Delivered By Mistake93 285
Receiving Stolen Property94 285
Theft of Services95 285
Retail Theft96 285
Related Property Offenses: Fraudulent Behavior 287
Forgery 288
Simulating Objects of Antiquity or Rarity 289
Fraudulent Destruction, Removal, or Concealment of Recordable Instruments or Their Tampering 289
Bad Check and Credit Card Violations 289
Offenses against Public Order and Decency 290
Riot 291
Public Drunkenness 292
Other Public Order Provisions 292
Evidence and Proof 293
The Chain of Custody 293
The Admission of Business Records 295
Real and Demonstrative Evidence 296
Lay Witnesses 298
Expert Witnesses 299
Practical Exercise: Cross-Examination 301
A. Potpourri of Evidentiary Principles 301
Burden of Proof 301
Questions of Law Versus Questions of Fact 304
The Basic Types of Evidence 304
Three Forms of Evidence 304
Summary 305
Discussion Questions 305
Notes 306
Chapter 7: Public and Private Law Enforcement: A Blueprint for Cooperation 314
Introduction: The Relationship between the Public and Private Sectors 314
Public Interest versus Private Concerns 319
Moral or Egalitarian Purpose 320
A Caste System of Professionalism 321
A Failure to Communicate and Cooperate 323
Positive Programs on Interaction and Cooperation 327
College and Municipal Police Forces 329
Transit and Municipal Police Forces 332
Private Security Industry and Law Enforcement Agencies 334
Recommendations 337
National Advisory Committee on Criminal Justice 337
The Hallcrest Report 339
The Private Sector Office of the Department of Homeland Security 340
Summary 341
Discussion Questions 342
Notes 342
Chapter 8: Selected Case Readings 348
Introduction 348
Notes 494
§493.6100. Legislative Intent 498
§493.6101. Definitions 498
§493.6102. Inapplicability of this Chapter 500
§493.6103. Authority to Make Rules 501
§493.6104. Advisory Council 502
§493.6105. Initial Application for License 502
§493.6106. License Requirements Posting
§493.6107. Fees 506
§493.6108. Investigation of Applicants by Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services 506
§493.6109. Reciprocity 507
§493.6110. Licensee's Insurance 507
§493.6111. License Contents
§493.6112. Notification to Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services of Changes of Partner or Officer or Employees 509
§493.6113. Renewal Application for Licensure 509
§493.6114. Cancellation or Inactivation of License 510
§493.6115. Weapons and Firearms 510
§493.6116. Sponsorship of Interns 512
§493.6117. Division of Licensing Trust Fund 513
§493.6118. Grounds for Disciplinary Action 513
§493.6119. Divulging Investigative Information False Reports Prohibited
§493.6120. Violations Penalty
§493.6121. Enforcement Investigation
§493.6122. Information About Licensees Confidentiality
§493.6123. Publication to Industry 519
§493.6124. Use of State Seal Prohibited
§493.6125. Maintenance of Information Concerning Administrative Complaints and Disciplinary Actions 520
§493.6126. Saving Clauses 520
§493.6201. Classes of Licenses 521
§493.6202. Fees 521
§493.6203. License Requirements 522
§493.6301. Classes of Licenses 523
§493.6302. Fees 524
§493.6303. License Requirements 525
§493.6304. Security Officer School or Training Facility 526
§493.6305. Uniforms, Required Wear Exceptions
§493.6401. Classes of Licenses 526
§493.6402. Fees 527
§493.6403. License Requirements 527
§493.6404. Property Inventory Vehicle License Identification Numbers
§493.6405. Sale of Motor Vehicle, Mobile Home, Motorboat, Aircraft, Personal Watercraft, All-Terrain Vehicles, Farm Equipment, 529
§493.6406. Repossession Services School or Training Facility 529
Appendix 2: List of Associations and Groups 532
Appendix 3: Sample Forms 540
Appendix 4: The Law Enforcement-Private Security Consortium, Operation Partnership: Trends and Practices in Law Enforcement and Private Security Collaborations 119-122 (2005) 602
Index 608

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 13.10.2011
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Recht / Steuern ► Allgemeines / Lexika
• Themenwelt: Recht / Steuern ► EU / Internationales Recht
• Themenwelt: Recht / Steuern ► Privatrecht / Bürgerliches Recht
• Themenwelt: Recht / Steuern ► Wirtschaftsrecht ► Bank- und Kapitalmarktrecht
• Themenwelt: Wirtschaft ► Betriebswirtschaft / Management ► Unternehmensführung / Management
• Themenwelt: Wirtschaft ► Betriebswirtschaft / Management ► Wirtschaftsinformatik
• ISBN-10: 0-12-386923-4 / 0123869234
• ISBN-13: 978-0-12-386923-4 / 9780123869234