Well Logging and Formation Evaluation (eBook)

Toby Darling (Autor)

eBook Download: EPUB

2005 | 1. Auflage
336 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-045795-6 (ISBN)

Infos

This hand guide in the Gulf Drilling Guides series offers practical techniques that are valuable to petrophysicists and engineers in their day-to-day jobs. Based on the author's many years of experience working in oil companies around the world, this guide is a comprehensive collection of techniques and rules of thumb that work.
The primary functions of the drilling or petroleum engineer are to ensure that the right operational decisions are made during the course of drilling and testing a well, from data gathering, completion and testing, and thereafter to provide the necessary parameters to enable an accurate static and dynamic model of the reservoir to be constructed. This guide supplies these, and many other, answers to their everyday problems.
There are chapters on NMR logging, core analysis, sampling, and interpretation of the data to give the engineer a full picture of the formation. There is no other single guide like this, covering all aspects of well logging and formation evaluation, completely updated with the latest techniques and applications.
·A valuable reference dedicated solely to well logging and formation evaluation.
·Comprehensive coverage of the latest technologies and practices, including, troubleshooting for stuck pipe, operational decisions, and logging contracts.
·Packed with money-saving and time saving strategies for the engineer working in the field.

Inhalt

Introduction 9
1. Basics 10
1.1 Terminology 10
1.2 Basic Log Types 12
1.3 Logging Contracts 18
1.4 Preparing a Logging Programme 20
1.5 Operational Decisions 23
1.6 Coring 25
1.7 Wellsite Mud Logging 30
1.8 Testing/Production Issues 33
2. Quicklook Log Interpretation 38
2.1 Basic Quality Control 38
2.2 Identifying the Reservoir 39
2.3 Identifying the Fluid Type and Contacts 41
2.4 Calculating the Porosity 43
2.5 Calculating Hydrocarbon Saturation 46
2.6 Presenting the Results 49
2.7 Pressure/Sampling 51
2.8 Permeability Determination 54
3. Full Interpretation 58
3.1 Net Sand Definition 58
3.2 Porosity Calculation 60
3.3 Archie Saturation 62
3.4 Permeability 63
4. Saturation/Height Analysis 68
4.1 Core Capillary Pressure Analysis 69
4.2 Log-Derived Functions 73
5. Advanced Log Interpretation Techniques 76
5.1 Shaly Sand Analysis 76
5.2 Carbonates 82
5.3 Multi-Mineral/Statistical Models 83
5.4 NMR Logging 85
5.5 Fuzzy Logic 94
5.6 Thin Beds 96
5.7 Thermal Decay Neutron Interpretation 102
5.8 Error Analyses 105
5.9 Borehole Corrections 110
6. Integration with Seismic 112
6.1 Synthetic Seismograms 112
6.2 Fluid Replacement Modelling 117
6.3 Acoustic/Elastic Impedance Modelling 119
7. Rock Mechanics Issues 124
8. Value Of Information 128
9. Equity Determinations 134
9.1 Basis for Equity Determination 135
9.2 Procedures/Timing for Equity Determination 136
9.3 The Role of the Petrophysicist 138
10. Production Geology Issues 146
10.1 Understanding Geological Maps 149
10.2 Basic Geological Concepts 156
11. Reservoir Engineering Issues 164
11.1 Behavior of Gases 164
11.2 Behavior of Oil/Wet Gas Reservoirs 168
11.3 Material Balance 171
11.4 Darcy’s Law 172
11.5 Well Testing 175
12. Homing-in Techniques 180
12.1 Magnetostatic Homing-in 180
12.2 Electromagnetic Homing-in 194
13. Well Deviation, Surveying, and Geosteering 202
13.1 Well Deviation 202
13.2 Surveying 204
13.3 Geosteering 206
13.4 Horizontal Wells Drilled above a Contact 212
13.5 Estimating the Productivity Index for Long Horizontal Wells 214
Appendix 1: Test Well 1 Data Sheet 216
Appendix 2: Additional Data for Full Evaluation 224
Appendix 3: Solutions to Exercises 227
Appendix 4: Additional Mathematics Theory 260
Appendix 5: Abbreviations and Acronyms 273
Appendix 6: Useful Conversion Units and Constants 277
Appendix 7: Contractor Tool Mnemonics 280
Bibliography 318
About the Author 322
Acknowledgments 323
Index 324

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 26.5.2005
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Geologie
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Bergbau
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Elektrotechnik / Energietechnik
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Fahrzeugbau / Schiffbau
• Themenwelt: Wirtschaft
• ISBN-10: 0-08-045795-9 / 0080457959
• ISBN-13: 978-0-08-045795-6 / 9780080457956