Practical Guide to Clinical Computing Systems (eBook)

Design, Operations, and Infrastructure

Thomas Payne (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2011 | 1. Auflage
252 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-055792-2 (ISBN)

Infos

The development of clinical computing systems is a rapidly growing priority area of health information technology, spurred in large measure by robust funding at the federal and state levels. It is widely recognized as one of the key components for reducing costs and improving the quality of care. At the same time as more and more hospitals and clinics are installing clinical computing systems, major issues related to design, operations, and infrastructure remain to be resolved. This book tackles these critical topics, including system selection, configuration, installation, user support, interface engines, and long-term operation. It also familiarizes the reader with regulatory requirements, budgetary issues, and other aspects of this new electronic age of healthcare delivery.

It begins with an introduction to clinical computing and definition of key terminology. The next several chapters talk about system architecture and interface design, followed by detailed discussion of all aspects of operations. Attention is then given to the realities of leadership, planning, oversight, budgeting, and employee recruitment. This invaluable resource includes a special section that talks about career development for students and others interested in entering the field.

*Provides a complete overview of practical aspects
*Detailed guidance on the design and operation of clinical computing systems
*Discusses how clinical computing systems relate to health care organization committees and organizational structure
*Includes numerous real-life examples with expert insights on how to avoid pitfalls

Inhalt

Cover 1
Table of Contents 8
Contributors 10
Preface 14
Chapter 1 Introduction and Overview of Clinical Computing Systems within a Medical Center 16
THE HEALTH-CARE SETTING 17
RISING DEPENDENCE ON CLINICAL COMPUTING SYSTEMS 18
THE IMPORTANCE OF COMPUTING OPERATIONS AND SUPPORT 18
IMPORTANCE OF MONITORING PERFORMANCE 20
REAL-WORLD PROBLEMS AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS 21
INTRODUCING CLINICAL COMPUTING SYSTEMS CAN INTRODUCE ERRORS 22
WE NEED GREATER EMPHASIS ON SAFE OPERATIONS OF CLINICAL COMPUTING SYSTEMS 23
REFERENCES 24
Part I Design of Clinical Computing Systems 26
Chapter 2 Architecture of Clinical Computing Systems 28
WHAT IS ARCHITECTURE, AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT? 28
ARCHITECTURAL MODELS 29
ARCHITECTURE OF COMPUTING SYSTEMS IN HEALTH-CARE ORGANIZATIONS 30
END-USER APPLICATIONS: STRENGTHS/WEAKNESSES OF WEB AND OTHER DEVELOPMENT CHOICES 33
EXAMPLES OF CLINICAL COMPUTING ARCHITECTURES 35
REFERENCES 38
Chapter 3 Creating and Supporting Interfaces 40
INTEGRATING AND INTERFACING APPLICATIONS 40
HL7 IN THE REAL WORLD 41
WHAT IS NEEDED TO SUCCEED WITH INTERFACE DEVELOPMENT? 45
WHY ISN’T DEVELOPING AN HL7 INTERFACE EASIER? 48
OTHER STANDARDS 49
FINAL THOUGHTS REGARDING INTERFACES 50
REFERENCES 51
Chapter 4 Infrastructure and Security 52
INTRODUCTION 52
DATA CENTERS (COMPUTER ROOMS) 53
SERVERS, OPERATING SYSTEMS, AND DATABASES 63
MANAGING THE DESKTOP CLIENT 65
SECURITY 69
BACKUP, REDUNDANCY, DISASTER PLANNING, AND RECOVERY 79
OPERATIONS 84
SUMMARY 91
REFERENCES 92
Part II Operations and Support 94
Chapter 5 From Project to Operations: Planning to Avoid Problems 96
INTRODUCTION 96
SYSTEM ACQUISITION 97
PROJECT PHASE 101
SUMMARY 111
Chapter 6 Implementation and Transition to Operations 112
INTRODUCTION 112
CONVERSION 113
TRANSITION TO OPERATIONS 115
SUMMARY 119
Chapter 7 Troubleshooting: What Can Go Wrong and How to Fix It 120
WHAT WE ARE UP AGAINST 120
WHAT CAN GO WRONG (AND DOES) 126
HOW DO YOU PREVENT THINGS FROM GOING WRONG? 130
HOW DO YOU KNOW WHEN SOMETHING GOES WRONG? 131
WHAT DO YOU DO WHEN SOMETHING GOES WRONG? 134
WHAT DO YOU DO WHEN SOMETHING REALLY BIG GOES WRONG? 135
A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE LIBRARY 137
Chapter 8 Working with the User Community 144
SETTINGS AND IMPLEMENTATION HISTORY 145
LEADERSHIP AND INSTITUTIONAL FOUNDATIONS 147
COMMUNICATION 148
STANDARDIZING THE CARE PROCESS 150
UNDERSTANDING WORKFLOW 151
TRAINING 152
USER SUPPORT AT IMPLEMENTATION AND BEYOND 156
ONGOING QUALITY IMPROVEMENT AND PATIENT SAFETY INITIATIVES 161
DOWNTIME CONTINGENCIES AND RETURN TO ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS 162
NEW CHALLENGES AND LESSONS LEARNED 165
CONCLUSION 169
REFERENCES 170
Part III Regulatory, Legal, and Organizational Issues 172
Chapter 9 Health Information Management and the EMR 174
USES OF THE ELECTRONIC MEDICAL RECORD (EMR) 174
GOALS OF HEALTH INFORMATION MANAGEMENT WITHIN THE MEDICAL CENTERS 174
TYPICAL CATEGORIES OR SECTIONS OF A MEDICAL RECORD 175
HYBRID OF MEDICAL RECORD MEDIA 176
HEALTH INFORMATION MANAGEMENT 178
Chapter 10 Legal Issues in Medical Records/Health Information Management 186
ORGANIZATIONAL GROUPS AND REGULATIONS THAT AFFECT MEDICAL RECORDS 186
FEDERAL LAWS AND ENTITIES THAT AFFECT MEDICAL RECORDS 189
STATE LAWS THAT AFFECT MEDICAL RECORD DOCUMENTATION 192
THE JOINT COMMISSION 192
Chapter 11 Working with Organizational Leadership 196
BACKGROUND 196
THE EVOLUTION OF HEALTH-CARE ORGANIZATIONS 197
TYPES OF IT DECISIONS 198
STAKEHOLDERS 200
ROLE OF CONSULTANTS 202
QUALITIES OF EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP 203
BUDGETS 203
ADDRESSING SOCIAL ASPECTS OF IMPLEMENTATION 204
PROJECT MANAGEMENT 205
REFERENCES 205
Part IV Careers in Health Care Computing 208
Chapter 12 Careers in Biomedical Informatics and Clinical Computing 210
INTRODUCTION 210
THE BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS WORKFORCE 212
EDUCATION IN BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS 217
RESOURCES 231
CONCLUSIONS 237
REFERENCES 240
Index 242

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 2.9.2011
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Sachbuch/Ratgeber
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Allgemeines / Lexika
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Laboratoriumsmedizin
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Studium ► 1. Studienabschnitt (Vorklinik)
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Medizintechnik
• Themenwelt: Wirtschaft
• ISBN-10: 0-08-055792-9 / 0080557929
• ISBN-13: 978-0-08-055792-2 / 9780080557922