Shock and Materials (eBook)

Stepan S. Batsanov (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF

2018 | 1. Auflage
250 Seiten
Springer Singapore (Verlag)
978-981-10-7886-6 (ISBN)

Infos

This book highlights how the properties and structure of materials are affected by dynamic high pressures generated by explosions, projectile impacts, laser compression, electric discharge or ball milling. Starting with the basics of shock-wave physics and an outline of experimental techniques, it then surveys dynamic compressibility and equations of state of various substances, phase transitions and syntheses of novel compounds under shock. It covers various industrial applications including hardening of metals and grinding (fragmentation) of solids, saturation of solids with defects for use as catalysts, production of superhard materials (synthetic diamond, BN (boron nitride)) and nanomaterials, especially nanodiamond, and discusses state-of-the-art techniques such as combining dynamic and static compression to obtain monolithic materials.

Stepan Sergeevich Batsanov was born in Moscow (November 9, 1928), obtained his MSc in Chemistry (1951); PhD on crystal-optical determination of the structure of complexes (1954) from Moscow State Universit. He received his DSc on refractometric methods in structural chemistry (1962) at Novosibirsk University, where he later became Chair in physical chemistry (1965). His main scientific interests are crystal optics, chemical structure and bonding, and (from 1966) shock-pressure chemistry and physics. He was the founder and director (in 1970-2010) of the Centre for High Dynamic Pressures (CHDP) at the State Committee of Standards at Mendeleevo, near Moscow. He authored and co-authored over 500 scientific papers and 8 books, including Structural Refractometry (in Russian, 1959, 2nd ed. 1976, English editions by Consultants Bureau, New York, 1961 & Van Nostrand, 1966), Effects of Explosions on Materials (Springer Verlag, 1994) and Introduction to Structural Chemistry (Springer, 2012).

Inhalt

Preface 6
Contents 8
Introduction 10
1 Effect of Explosion on Materials 12
1.1 Basics of Shock-Wave Physics 12
1.2 Compressibility of Solids. Equations of State 19
1.3 Techniques of Shock Compression 32
1.3.1 Cylindrical Recovery Ampoules 34
1.3.2 Planar Recovery Ampoules 42
1.3.3 Experimental Diagnostics of Recovery Ampoules 45
1.4 Microstructure of Shocked Materials 51
1.4.1 Fragmentation of Solids 51
1.4.2 Defects in Shocked Materials 58
1.5 Shock Hardening of Solids 64
1.6 Shock Compaction 71
1.7 Phase Transitions Under Shock Waves 80
1.7.1 Pressures of Phase Transformations Under Shock Loading 80
1.7.2 Phase Transition Under Dynamic Pressures Versus Defects 89
1.7.3 Phase Transition in Graphite and h-BN 92
1.7.4 E-Phase of BN 96
1.7.5 Metals Under High Dynamic Pressures 100
1.7.6 Anomalous Phase Transitions 104
1.7.7 Analysis of Shocked Samples After Transformations 106
1.8 Shock Synthesis and Decomposition of Substances 107
1.8.1 Chemical Transformation in Shocked Compounds 107
1.8.2 Shock Synthesis of Compounds 115
1.9 Duration of Solid-Phase Chemical Reactions Induced by Shock Waves 128
1.9.1 Duration of Solid-Phase Reactions 128
1.9.2 Mechanism of Ultrafast Solid-Phase Reaction 138
1.9.3 Perspectives and Applications of Shock-Induced Chemical Reactions 143
References 144
2 Detonation Transformation in Materials 164
2.1 Basics of Detonation Physics 164
2.2 Solid-State Detonation 166
2.3 Detonation Transformation of Substances 178
2.3.1 Detonation Synthesis of Compounds 178
2.3.2 Phase Transition Graphite ? Diamond Under Detonation 179
2.3.3 Technology of Detonation Synthesis of Nanodiamond 182
2.3.4 Characterization of DND Samples 184
2.3.5 Interaction of DND Samples with Water 193
2.3.6 Detonation Synthesis of the Hydrogen-Free Nanodiamond and c-BN 196
References 201
3 Laser-Induced Shock Compession 207
3.1 Quasi-isentropic Compression 207
3.2 Physico-chemical Transformations Under Laser Compression 208
References 210
4 Impulse Mechanical Action 212
4.1 Terminology, Physics, History 212
4.2 Physics and Techniques of Ball Milling 214
4.3 Phase Transformations 217
4.4 Synthesis of Compounds 219
4.4.1 Inorganic Materials 220
4.4.2 Organic Materials 226
References 227
5 Electric Discharge in Materials 230
5.1 Electric Discharge Consolidation of Porous Materials 230
5.2 Electric Discharge in Liquids 235
References 246
Conclusion 248
Index 249

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 17.3.2018
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Chemie ► Analytische Chemie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie ► Angewandte Physik
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Elektrotechnik / Energietechnik
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Maschinenbau
• Themenwelt: Wirtschaft
• ISBN-10: 981-10-7886-6 / 9811078866
• ISBN-13: 978-981-10-7886-6 / 9789811078866