Functionally Graded Materials (eBook)

Rasheedat Modupe Mahamood, Esther Titilayo Akinlabi (Autoren)

eBook Download: PDF

2017 | 1st ed. 2017
XXI, 103 Seiten
Springer International Publishing (Verlag)
978-3-319-53756-6 (ISBN)

Infos

This book presents the concept of functionally graded materials as well as their use and different fabrication processes. The authors describe the use of additive manufacturing technology for the production of very complex parts directly from the three dimension computer aided design of the part by adding material layer after layer. A case study is also presented in the book on the experimental analysis of functionally graded material using laser metal deposition process.

Dr Mahamood is a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Johannesburg, South Africa. Her PhD thesis was on Characterization of Laser Metal Deposition of Functionally Graded Titanium Alloy Composites.

Professor Esther Akinlabi is a Full Professor and the Head of Department of Mechanical Engineering Science, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of Johannesburg, South Africa. Her research interest is in the field of advanced and modern manufacturing processes - Friction Stir Welding, Laser material processing and material characterization. 

Inhalt

Foreword 7
Preface 10
Acknowledgements 13
Contents 14
Book Description 17
1 Introduction to Functionally Graded Materials 18
1.1 Introduction 18
1.2 Brief Background of Functionally Graded Materials 20
1.3 Functionally Graded Materials in Nature 22
1.4 Summary 24
Acknowledgements 24
References 24
2 Types of Functionally Graded Materials and Their Areas of Application 26
2.1 Introduction 26
2.2 Types of Functionally Graded Materials 26
2.2.1 Chemical Composition Gradient Functionally Gradient Materials 27
2.2.2 Porosity Gradient Functionally Gradient Materials 28
2.2.3 Microstructure Gradient Functionally Gradient Materials 29
2.3 Areas of Application of Functionally Graded Materials 31
2.3.1 The Aerospace Industry 33
2.3.2 The Automobile Industry 33
2.3.3 Biomedical 33
2.3.4 Defence 34
2.3.5 Energy 34
2.3.6 Electrical/Electronics 34
2.3.7 Marine 35
2.3.8 Opto-Electronics 35
2.3.9 Sport 35
2.3.10 Others 35
2.4 Summary 35
Acknowledgments 36
References 36
3 Processing Methods of Functionally Graded Materials 39
3.1 Introduction 39
3.2 Physical Vapour Deposition 40
3.2.1 Evaporation-Based PVD Process 40
3.2.2 Sputtering-Based PVD 42
3.2.3 The Advantages of Sputtering Deposition Compared to Vacuum Evaporation 47
3.2.4 Disadvantages of Sputter Deposition Over Vacuum Evaporation 48
3.2.5 Plasma Spray–Physical Vapour Deposition System 48
3.2.6 Areas of Application of Physical Vapour Deposition Process 49
3.3 Chemical Vapour Deposition 49
3.3.1 Advantages and Disadvantages of the Chemical Vapour Deposition Process 50
3.3.2 Applications of the Chemical Vapour Deposition Process 51
3.4 The Fabrication Process of Bulk Functionally Graded Materials 52
3.4.1 Powder Metallurgy 52
3.4.1.1 Formation of the Graded Powder 53
3.4.1.2 Powder Stacking in the Powder Metallurgy Process 53
3.4.1.3 Sintering 54
3.4.1.4 The Advantages and Disadvantages of Powder Metallurgy 56
3.4.2 The Centrifugal Casting Method 56
3.4.2.1 Advantages and Disadvantages of the Centrifugal Casting Method 57
3.4.3 The Tape Casting Method 57
3.5 Summary 59
Acknowledgements 59
References 59
4 Additive Manufacturing of Funtionally Graded Materials 62
4.1 Introduction 62
4.2 Material Extrusion 63
4.2.1 Functionally Graded Material Using the Material Extrusion Process 66
4.3 Powder-Bed Fusion 67
4.3.1 Functionally Graded Material using the PBF Process 70
4.4 Directed-Energy Deposition 72
4.4.1 Functionally Graded Material Using the DED Process 74
4.5 Sheet Lamination 76
4.5.1 Functionally Graded Material Using Sheet-Ultrasonic Consolidation 78
4.6 Summary 79
Acknowledgements 79
References 79
5 Experimental Analysis of Functionally Graded Materials Using Laser Metal Deposition Process (Case Study) 84
5.1 Introduction 84
5.2 Materials and Methods 86
5.3 Results and Discussion 91
5.4 Summary 106
Acknowledgements 106
References 106
6 Future Research Direction in Functionally Graded Materials and Summary 108
6.1 Introduction 108
6.2 Future Research Need in Functionally Graded Materials 109
6.3 Summary 113
Acknowledgements 115
References 115

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 14.2.2017
• Reihe/Serie: Topics in Mining, Metallurgy and Materials Engineering
• Reihe/Serie: Topics in Mining, Metallurgy and Materials Engineering
• Zusatzinfo: XXI, 103 p. 50 illus., 17 illus. in color.
• Verlagsort: Cham
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Maschinenbau
• Themenwelt: Wirtschaft ► Betriebswirtschaft / Management ► Logistik / Produktion
• Schlagworte: Additive Manufacturing • Centrifugal Casting • Chemical vapor deposition • FGM application • Laser metal deposition • Physical vapor deposition • powder metallurgy
• ISBN-10: 3-319-53756-3 / 3319537563
• ISBN-13: 978-3-319-53756-6 / 9783319537566