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Standpipe Systems for Fire Protection (eBook)

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2016 | 1st ed. 2017
XV, 385 Seiten
Springer International Publishing (Verlag)
978-3-319-47750-3 (ISBN)

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Standpipe Systems for Fire Protection - Kenneth E. Isman
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This important new manual goes beyond the published NFPA standards on installation of standpipe systems to include the rules in the International Building Code, municipal fire codes, the National Fire Code of Canada, and information on inspection, testing, and maintenance of standpipe systems. Also covered are the interactions between standpipe and sprinkler systems, since these important fire protection systems are so frequently installed together. 

Illustrated with design examples and practical applications to reinforce the learning experience, this is the go-to reference for engineers, architects, design technicians, building inspectors, fire inspectors, and anyone that inspects, tests or maintains fire protection systems. Fire marshals and plan review authorities that have the responsibility for reviewing and accepting plans and hydraulic calculations for standpipe systems are also an important audience, as are firefighters who actually use standpipe systems. As a member of the committees responsible for some of these documents, Isman also covers the rules of these standards and codes as they are written, but also provides valuable insight as to the intent behind the rules.

A noted author and lecturer, Professor Isman was an engineer with the National Fire Sprinkler Association (NFSA), is an elected Fellow of the Society of Fire Protection Engineers (SFPE), and currently Clinical Professor in the Department of Fire Protection Engineering at University of Maryland.


Preface 5
Acknowledgements 6
Contents 7
About the Author 12
Chapter 1: Introduction to Standpipe Systems 13
History of Standpipe Systems 13
What Are Standpipes? 15
What Makes a Standpipe System? 16
How Do Firefighters Use Standpipes? 18
What Kinds of Buildings Need Standpipes? 22
Installation Rules 23
Standby Hose Stations Connected to Sprinkler Systems 24
Temporary Standpipe Systems During Construction and Demolition 25
References 27
Chapter 2: Types and Classes of Standpipe Systems 28
Types of Standpipe Systems 28
Automatic Wet Standpipe Systems 28
Automatic Dry Standpipe Systems 30
Semiautomatic Dry Standpipe Systems 32
Manual Wet Standpipe Systems 34
Manual Dry Standpipe Systems 36
Classification of Standpipe Systems 37
Class I Standpipe Systems 38
Class II Standpipe Systems 39
Class III Standpipe Systems 40
Vertical and Horizontal Standpipes 41
Chapter 3: Buildings Required to Have Standpipes 43
IBC/IFC Requirements 43
Standpipes Required Based on Building Height 44
Standpipes for Assembly Occupancies 45
Stages 46
Shopping Malls 47
Underground Buildings 48
Heliports 48
Marinas 49
Buildings Under Construction or Demolition 50
NFPA 101 Requirements for Standpipe Systems 50
NFPA 5000 Requirements for Standpipe Systems 52
Chapter 4: Installation Rules for Hose Connections 57
Location of Class I Hose Connections 58
Outlets in Exit Stairwells 58
Outlets at Horizontal Exits 67
Outlets in Exit Passageways 71
Outlets in Covered Mall Buildings 75
Outlets on Roofs 77
Outlets Based on Travel Distance 81
Outlets and ADA 85
Special IBC Rules 85
Location of Class II Hose Connections 87
Location of Class III Hose Connections 89
Hose Connections on Sprinkler Systems That Are Not Standpipes 90
Test Yourself 91
Chapter 5: Installation Requirements for the Rest of the Standpipe System 93
Pipe and Fittings: Above Ground 93
Interconnection of Standpipes 99
Control Valves 100
Check Valves 108
Waterflow Alarms 109
Drains 110
Fire Department Connections 114
Gauges 122
Pipe: Underground 124
Special Considerations for Dry Systems 126
Considerations for Automatic Dry Systems 127
Considerations for Semiautomatic Dry Systems 130
Considerations for Manual Dry Systems 132
Signs 133
Special IBC Rules 135
Test Yourself 137
Chapter 6: Hydraulic Calculation of Standpipe Systems 139
Basic Terminology and Concepts 140
Calculation of Class I and Class III Systems 144
Flow Demand 145
Pressure Demand 149
Duration Demand 150
Putting It All Together 151
Class II Systems 160
Calculations for Manual Systems 160
Special IBC Rules for Shopping Malls (See 905.3.3) 164
Hose Connections on Sprinkler Systems That Are Not Standpipes 164
Test Yourself 164
Chapter 7: Combined Sprinkler/Standpipe Systems 167
Layout of Pipes and Equipment 167
Variations Depending on Floor Landing of Standpipe Installation 170
Sprinkler Systems Fed by Multiple Standpipes 175
Variations in Hydraulic Calculations 176
Sprinkler Systems with Standby Hose Stations 177
Test Yourself 178
Chapter 8: Pressure Control in Standpipe Systems 180
Minimum Pressure 180
Maximum Pressure 181
Devices that Control and Restrict Pressure 183
Master Pressure Reducing Valve Assemblies 186
Drain Risers 188
Examples Needing Pressure Regulating Devices 189
First Example 189
Second Example 197
Third Example 202
Vertical Zones 204
Test Yourself 208
Chapter 9: Pumps and Standpipe Systems 215
Basics of Fire Pumps 216
Selecting the Right Size Fire Pump 221
Step-by-Step Process for Selecting a Pump 222
Pump Selection Example 224
Variable Speed Pumps 228
Using a Pump with Multiple Water Supplies at Different Suction Pressures 231
Multiple Vertical Zones 235
Test Yourself 238
Chapter 10: High Rise Buildings 242
Regular High Rise Buildings 243
Rules from NFPA 14 244
Rules from NFPA 20 244
Rules from the IBC 249
Merging Rules for Regular High Rise Buildings 251
Super High Rise Buildings 252
NFPA 14 Rules for Super High Rise Buildings 253
NFPA 20 Rules for Super High Rise Buildings 254
Tanks 254
Refill Mechanisms 255
Redundancy 257
IBC Rules for Super High Rise Buildings 260
Putting the Super High Rise Building Rules Together 263
Test Yourself 263
Chapter 11: Hanging, Bracing and Protection of System Piping 265
Hanging and Support of Standpipe Systems 265
General Support Rules 266
Use of Listed Materials 268
Trapeze Hangers 273
Hanging Horizontal Pipe 275
Supporting Vertical Pipe 276
Seismic Design Considerations 279
Flexibility and Clearance 280
Bracing of Horizontal Standpipe Piping 285
Bracing of Vertical Standpipe Piping 295
Protection of Piping from Mechanical Damage and Fire 295
Protection of Piping from Freezing 297
Protection of Piping from Corrosion 297
Test Yourself 298
Chapter 12: Horizontal Standpipes and Lateral Piping 300
Branch Lines 300
Horizontal Standpipes 303
Protection of Horizontal Standpipes and Branch Lines 305
Test Yourself 306
Chapter 13: Acceptance Testing of Standpipes 308
Acceptance Tests for Underground Pipe and Equipment 309
Flush Test of Underground 309
Hydrostatic Test of Underground 312
Other Underground Acceptance Tests 315
Underground Test Certificate 316
Acceptance Tests for Aboveground Pipe and Equipment 318
Hydrostatic Test of Aboveground Piping 318
Flow Tests 320
Pressure Regulating Devices 323
Other Acceptance Tests 325
Plans, Drawings and Reports 326
Test Yourself 327
Chapter 14: Periodic Inspection, Testing and Maintenance 331
Inspection Requirements for Standpipe Systems 333
Testing Requirements for Standpipe Systems 338
Main Drain Test 338
Waterflow Alarms 341
Control Valves and Supervisory Switches 343
Automatic and Semiautomatic Dry Systems 344
Priming Water 344
Trip Tests 346
Air Leakage 348
Low Pressure Alarms 348
Low Temperature Alarms 349
Pressure Maintenance 349
Pressure Reducing Valves 349
Backflow Preventers 351
Hydrostatic Tests 351
Flow Tests 352
Gauges 353
Hose 354
Maintenance Requirements for Standpipe Systems 354
Internal Inspection and Flushing of Systems 355
Assessing Internal Conditions 355
Obstruction Investigations 356
Ice Obstructions 358
Impairment Program and Procedures 358
Records of Inspection, Testing and Maintenance 360
Test Yourself 363
Chapter 15: Solutions to “Test Yourself” Exercises 365
Answers to Test Yourself Questions for Chap. 4 365
Answers to Test Yourself Questions for Chap. 5 368
Answers to Test Yourself Questions in Chap. 6 369
Answers to Test Yourself Questions in Chap. 7 373
Answers to Test Yourself Questions in Chap. 8 374
Answers to Test Yourself Questions in Chap. 9 378
Answers to Test Yourself Questions in Chap. 10 383
Answers to Test Yourself Questions in Chap. 11 383
Answers to Test Yourself Questions in Chap. 12 386
Answers to Test Yourself Questions in Chap. 13 387
Answers to Test Yourself Questions in Chap. 14 388

Erscheint lt. Verlag 19.12.2016
Zusatzinfo XV, 385 p. 200 illus., 181 illus. in color.
Verlagsort Cham
Sprache englisch
Themenwelt Technik Bauwesen
Schlagworte Building code • Fire code • Fire pumps • Fire sprinklers • High-Rise • Hose connections • Hose stations • IBC • IFC • NFPA 13 • NFPA 14 • NFPA 20 • Quality Control, Reliability, Safety and Risk • Standpipes
ISBN-10 3-319-47750-1 / 3319477501
ISBN-13 978-3-319-47750-3 / 9783319477503
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