Anaesthetic and Extracorporeal Gas Transfer
Clarendon Press (Verlag)
978-0-19-857632-7 (ISBN)
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The management of gas transfer is a priority in anaesthetic practice and during intensive care. Oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide elimination are prerequisites of the maintenance of human life, and the judicious administration of anaesthetic gases and vapours remains a primary means of achieving unconsciousness during surgical operations. The aim of this book is to present an analysis of a wide range of gas transfer problems of common interest in anaesthesia and intensive care. It also examines the performance of a wide range of equipment which is used in hospital practice to control these aspects of a patient's care. The text covers the entire spectrum of gas transfer, from single oxygen masks to artificial lungs, in a form which is accessible to both clinicians and biomedical engineering students. Included is a discussion of the fundamental physical principles such as the kinetic theory of gases, the first and second laws of thermodynamics and the uniform laminar flow of a Newtonian liquid. A selection of problems is presented in each chapter.
Part 1 Oxygen and carbon dioxide transport in the body: the respiratory quotient; the Avogadro connection; the squash court model of a gas; Boyle's law; oxygen demand and CO2 elimination - normal values; airway architecture and the composition of alveolar gas; alveolar oxygen and the CO2 partial pressures - normal values; experimental validation of the alveolar gas equation; ventilation and the body's control of blood gas concentrations. Part 2 Medical breathing systems: the variable-concentration oxygen mask; Ayre's T-piece and the Bain system; the fixed-concentration (HAFOE) oxygen mask; Venturi breathing systems; the Magill and Lack breathing systems; minimal breathing - a graphical approach; - use of multiple valves. Part 3 Anaesthetic vaporizers: saturated vapour pressures of inhalational anaesthetics; the laws of thermodynamics and the Clausius-Clapeyron equation; the Antoine equation; the plenum vaporizer; the effect of temperature on the output from a plenum vaporizer; automatic temperature compensation in plenum vaporizers; the effect of flow on the output from a plenum vaporizer; other influences on the output from a plenum vaporizer; other forms of vaporizer; vapour reception by the patient; thermodynamic difficulty of generating anaesthetic vapours for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia. Part 4 Mechanical ventilation of the lungs: manually controlled ventilation using anaesthetic breathing systems with a single pressure-release valve; controlled ventilation with the Mapleson A (Magill, Lack) systems and with the Mapleson B, C, D and F systems; automatic ventilation of the lungs; type I ventilators with T-piece configuration; type II ventilators with and without rebreathing; high frequency ventilation. Part 5 Oxygen transfer in extracorporeal lungs: the parallel plate membrane lung; the hollow fibre membrane lung; enhancement of oxygen transfer by secondary flow. Part 6 Carbon dioxide transfer in extracorporeal lungs: parallel plate geometry - membrane limited extraction of CO2; parallel plate membrane lung - approximate solution for intermediate membrane resistance to CO2 transfer; - approximate solution for the case of low membrane resistance to CO2 transfer; - general solution for CO2 transfer; hollow fibre membrane lung.
| Erscheint lt. Verlag | 1.6.1989 |
|---|---|
| Reihe/Serie | Oxford medical engineering series |
| Zusatzinfo | illustrations, bibliography, index |
| Verlagsort | Oxford |
| Sprache | englisch |
| Maße | 156 x 234 mm |
| Gewicht | 626 g |
| Themenwelt | Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Anästhesie |
| Technik ► Medizintechnik | |
| ISBN-10 | 0-19-857632-3 / 0198576323 |
| ISBN-13 | 978-0-19-857632-7 / 9780198576327 |
| Zustand | Neuware |
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