Architecture of Network Systems (eBook)

Dimitrios Serpanos, Tilman Wolf (Autoren)

eBook Download: PDF | EPUB

2011 | 1. Auflage
344 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-092282-9 (ISBN)

Infos

Architecture of Network Systems explains the practice and methodologies that will allow you to solve a broad range of problems in system design, including problems related to security, quality of service, performance, manageability, and more. Leading researchers Dimitrios Serpanos and Tilman Wolf develop architectures for all network sub-systems, bridging the gap between operation and VLSI.This book provides comprehensive coverage of the technical aspects of network systems, including system-on-chip technologies, embedded protocol processing and high-performance, and low-power design. It develops a functional approach to network system architecture based on the OSI reference model, which is useful for practitioners at every level. It also covers both fundamentals and the latest developments in network systems architecture, including network-on-chip, network processors, algorithms for lookup and classification, and network systems for the next-generation Internet.The book is recommended for practicing engineers designing the architecture of network systems and graduate students in computer engineering and computer science studying network system design. - This is the first book to provide comprehensive coverage of the technical aspects of network systems, including processing systems, hardware technologies, memory managers, software routers, and more - Develops a systematic approach to network architectures, based on the OSI reference model, that is useful for practitioners at every level - Covers both the important basics and cutting-edge topics in network systems architecture, including Quality of Service and Security for mobile, real-time P2P services, Low-Power Requirements for Mobile Systems, and next generation Internet systems

Dimitrios Serpanos is a Professor of Computer Architecture at the Department of Electrical and Computer of the University of Patras in Patras, Greece. He is also Director-elect of the Industrial Systems Institute (ISI) in Patras. Professor Serpanos holds a PhD in Computer Science from Princeton University (1990), an MA in Computer Science from Princeton (1988) and a Diploma in Computer Engineering and Informatics from the University of Patras (1985). Before joining the University of Patras, Professor Serpanos was a Professor (Assistant at first and Associate later) at the Department of Computer Science, University of Crete, Greece (1996-2000) and earlier, he was a Research Staff Member at IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, New York, USA. In addition to his faculty appointments, he has also been conducting research at research institutes, specifically ICS-FORTH, while in Crete, and ISI while in Patras. Professor Serpanos has been a leader in the area of architecture of network systems, working on such systems for almost 20 years. He introduced the concept of specialized protocol processors (1992) and authored the first paper on multi-protocol, multiprocessor router architectures (1994). He has written more than 100 research papers in high quality conferences and research journals, addressing architectures and design issues of all types of network systems, from switches to routers and gateways. He has also worked on Quality-of-Service issues and has extensive activity in network and computer security. In addition to his research papers, Professor Serpanos holds 2 US patents and 7 invention disclosures in the area of network systems. Professor Serpanos has received awards and distinctions as a graduate student, an IBM employee and as a faculty (2005 IBM Faculty Award). Furthermore, he is the General Chair of 2 IEEE Conferences, Technical Program Chair in 2 IEEE Conferences, organizer (twice) of an ACM Workshop, member of Technical Program Committees for conferences and workshops (over 25) and panel organizer for several conferences. He has served also in additional positions in conference organizing committees. In relevance to the subject of the book, Professor Serpanos is the leading Guest-Editor of a special issue of IEEE Network on Advances in Network Systems Architecture and the organizer and coordinator of a Task Force on Network Systems Architecture in the E-NEXT European Network of Excellence. Professor Serpanos is a Senior Member of the IEEE; a member of ACM, IET, NYAS, and the Technical Chamber of Greece; he is also an educational member of USENIX.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
Architecture of Network Systems 4
Copyright 5
Dedication 6
Contents 8
Preface 14
Why write this book? 14
Target audience 14
Approach 14
Course use 15
We want to hear from you 15
Acknowledgments 16
About the Authors 18
Chapter 1: Architecture of network systems overview 20
Computer networks 20
Embedded systems 22
Protocols and network systems 24
Organization of this book 25
Chapter 2: Network protocols and network systems 30
Introduction 30
The open systems interconnection reference model 31
Protocol stacks and protocol elements 32
Network systems: definition and types 36
Structure of network systems 40
Summary 43
Chapter 3: Requirements of network systems 44
Introduction 44
Requirements of network applications and services 45
Qualitative requirements 46
Quantitative requirements 46
Example requirements 47
The throughput preservation challenge 48
Traffic models and benchmarks 51
Summary 52
Chapter 4: Interconnects and switching fabrics 54
Introduction 54
Crossbars and interconnection networks 57
Switch organization 59
Switch scheduling 62
Centralized scheduling 65
Distributed scheduling 68
Use of randomization 76
Real-time traffic 80
Summary 80
Chapter 5: Network adapters 82
Introduction 82
Basic network adapter 83
Adapter operation analysis 85
Memory organization 89
Memory management unit with local memory 89
Memory management unit and processor with local memory 92
Intelligent DMA 94
Multiprocessor processing element 96
Single SPE configuration 98
Multi-SPE configuration—protocol multiprocessing 99
Multi-SPE configuration—spatial parallelism 100
Memory management schemes 103
Detached MMU 105
Distributed MMUs 106
Summary 106
Chapter 6: Bridges and layer 2 switches 108
Introduction 108
Types of bridges 110
Transparent bridging and special-purpose subsystems 111
High-performance transparent bridge architecture 116
Transparent bridging support unit 120
Network attachment unit design 123
lnternal switching component operation 126
Partitioned data memory organization 128
Layer 2 switches 129
Summary 129
Chapter 7: Routers 130
Network layer 130
Functionality of the network layer 130
Systems requirements 131
Generic router design 134
Data plane 136
Route lookup 137
Queuing and buffering management 145
Control plane 148
Routing algorithms 148
Error handling 155
Example network layer systems 158
Summary 159
Chapter 8: Transport layer systems 160
Transport layer 160
Functionality of the transport layer 160
Network flows 162
Packet classification 166
Transport layer systems 175
Summary 179
Chapter 9: Application layer systems 180
Application layer 180
Functionality of the application layer 181
Application layer protocols 182
Network system support for application layer 191
Payload inspection 191
Load balancing 199
Summary 201
Chapter 10: Quality of service and security 202
Cross-layer issues 202
Quality of service 202
Quality of service concepts 203
Network support for QoS 206
Link scheduling algorithms 207
Quality of service summary 218
Security 218
Security concepts 218
Cryptography overview 219
Security in network protocols 223
Denial-of-service attacks 226
Summary 229
Chapter 11: Specialized hardware components 230
Hardware support for packet forwarding 230
General-purpose packet processors 230
Performance vs flexibility 231
Systems-on-a-chip 232
Network processors 233
Design choices 239
Example systems 242
Special-purpose hardware accelerators 243
Trade-offs in use of accelerators 243
Example accelerators 244
Accelerator implementations 245
Summary 246
Chapter 12: Power issues in network systems 248
Introduction 248
Lookup engines 249
Network processors 254
Summary 256
Chapter 13: Networks on chips 258
Introduction 258
Network-on-chip architectures 259
Network-on-chip routing schemes 260
Technology and circuit design 261
Bus delay model 262
Crossbar delay model 263
Power issues 266
Summary 267
Chapter 14: Run-time support systems 268
Software support for network systems 268
Network dynamics 269
Run-time components 269
Software interfaces 271
Operating system support for networking 272
Networking software in operating systems 272
Software interactions 273
Performance considerations 275
Specialized router software 278
Router operating systems 278
Packet processing software 281
Summary 284
Chapter 15: Next-generation Internet architecture 286
Need for next-generation internet 286
Networking trends 286
Limitations in the Internet 287
Extended reach of the Internet 288
New networking paradigms 289
Implications 292
Network virtualization 292
Diversity of protocols 292
Single infrastructure 293
Virtualized networks 294
Programmability 296
Programmability in next-generation networks 296
Implementing programmability 298
Experimental testbeds 299
Commercial incentives 300
Summary 300
Appendix: The layered Internet architecture and network protocols 302
Layered internet architecture 302
Hourglass architecture 303
Protocol processing in network systems 304
Example protocol stack 305
Link layer 306
Medium access control 306
Ethernet 309
Network layer 311
Internet protocol suite 311
Internet protocol 311
Transport layer 313
Reliable data transfer 314
Transmission control protocol 316
Summary 318
References 320
Index 332

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 12.1.2011
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Mathematik / Informatik ► Informatik ► Netzwerke
• Themenwelt: Mathematik / Informatik ► Informatik ► Theorie / Studium
• Themenwelt: Mathematik / Informatik ► Mathematik
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Elektrotechnik / Energietechnik
• ISBN-10: 0-08-092282-1 / 0080922821
• ISBN-13: 978-0-08-092282-9 / 9780080922829