Focus, Evaluativity, and Antonymy

A Study in the Semantics of Only and its Interaction with Gradable Antonyms

Sam Alxatib (Autor)

Buch | Hardcover

X, 186 Seiten

2020 | 1st ed. 2020
Springer International Publishing (Verlag)
978-3-030-37805-9 (ISBN)

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This book uncovers properties of focus association with 'only' by examining the interaction between the particle and bare (or "evaluative") gradable terms. Its empirical building blocks are paradigms involving upward-scalar terms like 'few' and 'rarely', and their downward-scalar antonyms 'many' and 'frequently', an area that has not been studied previously in the literature. The empirical claim is that associations of the former type give rise to unexpected readings, and the proposed theoretical explanation draws on the properties of the latter type of association. In presenting the details, the book deconstructs the so-called scalar presupposition of 'only' and derives it from constraints against its vacuous use. This view is then combined with a semantics of the evaluative adjectives 'many' and 'few' to explain why the unavailable (but expected) meanings of the given constructions are unavailable. The attested (but unexpected) readings of 'only+few/rarely' associations are derived from independently motivated LFs in which the degree expressions are existentially closed. Finally, the book provides new findings, based on the core proposal, about 'only if' constructions, and about the interaction between 'only' and other upward-scalar modified numerals (comparatives, and 'at most'). The book thus provides new data and a new theoretical view of the semantic properties of 'only', and connects it to the semantics of gradable expressions.

Sam Alxatib is assistant professor in the linguistics department at the CUNY Graduate Center. He holds a B.Sc. in Computer Science from the University of British Columbia, an M.A. in Linguistics from Simon Fraser University, and a Ph.D. in Linguistics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He is interested in formal semantics, formal pragmatics, and the syntax-semantics interface, and has worked on issues of focus semantics, scalar implicature and exhaustification, gradability and vagueness, the semantics of tense, aspect, and modality, and (anti-)presupposition.

Chapter 1. Introduction.- Chapter 2. Only and its inferences.- Chapter 3. The positive morpheme and its interaction with only.- Chapter 4. The proposal.- Chapter 5. Only if, its interaction with POS, and its scalar presupposition.- Chapter 6. Conclusions and extensions.

Erscheinungsdatum	19.03.2020
Reihe/Serie	Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy
Zusatzinfo	X, 186 p. 35 illus.
Verlagsort	Cham
Sprache	englisch
Maße	155 x 235 mm
Gewicht	465 g
Themenwelt	Geisteswissenschaften ► Philosophie ► Sprachphilosophie
	Geisteswissenschaften ► Sprach- / Literaturwissenschaft ► Sprachwissenschaft
	Sozialwissenschaften
Schlagworte	Assertion of only and innocent exclusion • Concept of mirativity • Focus association • Non-vacuity constraint • Scalar presupposition of only • Semantics of only
ISBN-10	3-030-37805-5 / 3030378055
ISBN-13	978-3-030-37805-9 / 9783030378059
Zustand	Neuware