Herpetology (eBook)

An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles

Janalee P. Caldwell, Laurie J. Vitt (Autoren)

eBook Download: PDF | EPUB

2008 | 3. Auflage
720 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-092189-1 (ISBN)

Infos

This third edition, now fully revised and updated by two of Dr. Zug's colleagues, provides herpetology students and amateur reptile and amphibian keepers with the latest taxonomy and species developments from around the world. Herpetology is a rapidly evolving field , which has contributed to new discoveries in many conceptual areas of biology. The authors build on this progress by updating all chapters with new literature, graphics, and discussions-many of which have changed our thinking.

With a new emphasis placed on conservation issues,Herpetology continues to broaden the global coverage from earlier editions, recognising the burgeoning reptile and amphibian research programs and the plight of many species in all countries and all biomes.

New information on the remarkable advances in behavioral, physiological, and phylo-geographical data provide students with the current research they need to advance their education and better prepare their future in herpetology.

* The latest taxonomy data
* End-of-chapter discussions for classroom use
* 90% new photographs, now all in full color for an enhanced visual representation
* Most recent information on the exciting and developing herpetological communities in Australia, Europe, Asia, South and North Americas
* New emphasis on conservation issues surrounding herpetology

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This third edition, now fully revised and updated by two of Dr. Zug's colleagues, provides herpetology students and amateur reptile and amphibian keepers with the latest taxonomy and species developments from around the world. Herpetology is a rapidly evolving field, which has contributed to new discoveries in many conceptual areas of biology. The authors build on this progress by updating all chapters with new literature, graphics, and discussions-many of which have changed our thinking.With a new emphasis placed on conservation issues, Herpetology continues to broaden the global coverage from earlier editions, recognizing the burgeoning reptile and amphibian research programs and the plight of many species in all countries and all biomes.New information on the remarkable advances in behavioral, physiological, and phylo-geographical data provide students with the current research they need to advance their education and better prepare their future in herpetology.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
Herpetology 4
Copyright Page 5
Dedication 6
Contents 8
Foreword 10
Acknowledgments 12
Introduction 14
Part 1: Evolutionary History 16
Chapter 1: Tetrapod Relationships and Evolutionary Systematics 18
Amphibians and Reptiles-Evolutionary History 18
Relationships Among Vertebrates 20
Evolution of Early Anamniotes 27
Evolution of Early Amniotes 29
Radiation of Diapsids 33
Linnean Versus Evolutionary Taxonomy 35
Systematics-Theory and Practice 40
Methods of Analysis 44
Questions 47
Additional Reading 48
References 48
Chapter 2: Anatomy of Amphibians and Reptiles 50
Development and Growth 50
Early Development 51
Morphogenesis 52
Embryonic Lifestyles 54
Changing Worlds-Metamorphosis, Hatching, and Birth 58
Growth 60
Integument-The External Envelope 62
Integumentary Structures 63
Reptilian Scales, Glands, and Skin Structures 64
Ecdysis 65
Coloration 66
Skeleton and Muscles-Support, Movement, and Form 68
Head and Hyoid 68
Vertebral Column 73
Girdles and Limbs 77
Nerves and Sense Organs-Coordination and Preception 80
Nervous Systems 80
Sense Organs 82
Heart and Vascular Network-Internal Transport 85
Digestive and Respiratory Organs-Energy Acquisition and Processing 88
Urinary and Reproductive Organs-Waste Removal and Propogation 92
Endocrine Glands-Chemical Regulators and Initiators 94
Questions 95
Additional Reading 95
References 95
Chapter 3: Evolution of Ancient and Modern Amphibians and Reptiles 98
History of Amphibians 98
History of Reptiles 108
Questions 124
Additional Reading 124
References 124
Part 2: Reproduction and Reproductive Modes 126
Chapter 4: Reproduction and Life Histories 128
Gametogenesis and Fertilization 128
Reproductive Ecology 134
Life Histories 151
Questions 160
Additional Reading 160
References 160
Chapter 5: Reproductive Modes 162
Defining Reproductive Modes 162
Viviparity 171
Parental Care 174
Questions 180
Additional Reading 180
References 181
Parental Care 181
Part 3: Physiological Ecology 182
Chapter 6: Water Balance and Gas Exchange 184
Water and Salt Balance 184
Respiratory Gas Exchange 197
Respiration and Metabolism 202
Questions 203
Additional Reading 204
References 204
Chapter 7: Thermoregulation, Performance, and Energetics 206
Thermoregulation 209
Dormancy 221
Energetics 222
Synthesis 225
Questions 227
Additional Reading 227
References 227
Part 4: Behavioral Ecology 230
Chapter 8: Spacing, Movements, and Orientation 232
Local Distribution of Individuals 233
Movements, Homing, and Migrations 242
Homing and Orientation 248
Questions 253
Additional Reading 253
References 253
Chapter 9: Communication and Social Behavior 254
Communication 254
Reproductive Behavior 270
Miscellaneous Social Aggregations 283
Questions 283
Additional Reading 284
References 284
Chapter 10: Foraging Ecology and Diets 286
Foraging Modes 286
Detecting, Capturing, and Eating Prey 290
Prey Types and Sizes 303
Questions 310
Additional Reading 310
References 311
Chapter 11: Defense and Escape 312
Escape and Emergence Theory 313
Predator Avoidance 315
Offsetting the Effects of Parasitism 333
Questions 337
Additional Reading 337
References 338
Part 5: Ecology, Biogeography, and Conservation Biology 340
Chapter 12: Ecology 342
Species Richness and Abundance 346
Experimental Studies 349
Comparative Studies 351
New Analytical Tools 360
Questions 363
Additional Reading 364
References 365
Chapter 13: Biogeography and Phylogeography 366
Distinguishing Between Ecological and Historical Biogeography 368
Questions 392
Additional Reading 393
References 393
Chapter 14: Conservation Biology 394
General Principles 395
Impact on Amphibian and Reptile Communities 398
Preservation and Management-Ideals and Problems 416
Questions 423
Additional Reading 424
References 424
Part 6: Classification and Diversity 426
Chapter 15: Caecilians 428
Overview 428
Taxonomic Accounts 429
Questions 433
References 434
Chapter 16: Salamanders 436
Overview 436
Taxonomic Accounts 437
Questions 447
References 447
Chapter 17: Frogs 450
Overview 450
Taxonomic Accounts 452
Questions 494
References 494
Chapter 18: Turtles 498
Overview 498
Taxonomic Accounts 500
Questions 518
References 518
Chapter 19: Crocodylians 520
Overview 520
Taxonomic Accounts 522
Questions 527
References 527
Chapter 20: Tuataras and Lizards 528
Overview-Sphenodontida 528
Taxonomic Account 528
Overview-Squamata 529
Taxonomic Accounts 531
Questions 562
References 562
Chapter 21: Snakes 566
Overview 566
Taxonomic Accounts 569
Questions 591
References 591
Part 7: Data Sources 594
Bibliography 596
Glossary 680
References 685
Taxonomic Index 686
Subject Index 706

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 15.12.2008
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Zoologie
• Themenwelt: Sozialwissenschaften ► Soziologie
• Themenwelt: Technik
• ISBN-10: 0-08-092189-2 / 0080921892
• ISBN-13: 978-0-08-092189-1 / 9780080921891