Human Factors Psychology (eBook)

P.A. Hancock (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

1987 | 1. Auflage
452 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-086701-4 (ISBN)

Infos

This book is a collection of contemporary applications of psychological insights into practical human factors issues. The topics are arranged largely according to an information processing/energetic approach to human behavior. Consideration is also given to human-computer interaction and organizational design.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
Human Factors Psychology 4
Copyright Page 5
TABLE OF CONTENTS 12
Chapter 1. SHORT-TERM MEMORY LlMlTS IN HUMAN PERFORMANCE 20
1.1. INTRODUCTION 20
1.2. DISTRACTION 22
1.3. CAPACITY LIMIT 23
1.4. HUMAN FACTORS APPLICATIONS 34
Chapter 2. ATTENTION 48
2.1. METAPHORS OF ATTENTION 49
2.2. SELECTIVE ATTENTION 50
2.3. DIVIDED ATTENTION 58
2.4. RESOURCES, PRACTICE, AND DIFFICULTY 75
2.5. ATTENTION AND HUMAN ERROR 79
2.6. CHANGES IN ATTENTIONAL FUNCTION 81
2.7. CONCLUSION 89
Chapter 3. MENTAL WORKLOAD 100
3.1. WHY PEOPLE ASK "WHAT IS MENTAL WORKLOAD" 101
3.2. HEURISTICS FOR STUDYING MENTAL WORKLOAD 103
3.3. ATTENTION AND MENTAL WORKLOAD 104
3.4. TASK DIFFICULTY VERSUS TASK COMPLEXITY 113
3.5. MULTI-DIMENSIONAL ASPECTS OF MENTAL WORKLOAD 116
3.6. MEASURING MENTAL WORKLOAD 121
3.7. CONCLUSIONS 133
Chapter 4. HUMAN DECISION PROCESSES: HEURISTICS AND TASK STRUCTURE 142
4.1. INTRODUCTION 142
4.2. JUDGMENT UNDER UNCERTAINTY 143
4.3. CHOICE STRATEGIES AND TASK STRUCTURE 146
4.4. DYNAMIC DECISION ENVIRONMENTS 150
4.5. METHODS FOR EXPLORING DECISION STRATEGIES 154
4.6. IMPLICATIONS FOR HUMAN-MACHINE SYSTEMS 162
4.7. CONCLUSION 166
Chapter 5. AUTOMATIC AND CONTROLLED PROCESSING THEORY AND ITS APPLICATIONS TO HUMAN FACTORS PROBLEMS 178
5.1. INTRODUCTION 178
5.2. REVIEW OF THE RESEARCH 181
5.3. FURTHER QUALITATIVE DIFFERENCES 184
5.4. ATTENTIONAL RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS OF AUTOMATIC/CONTROLLED PROCESSING 189
5.5. COMPLEX STIMULI - GENERALIZABILITY OF THE VISUAL SEARCH RESEARCH 197
5.6. RELIABILITY OF AUTOMATIC PROCESSES 199
5.7. INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN AUTOMATIC/CONTROLLED PROCESSING 202
5.8. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE DIRECTION 211
Chapter 6. DESCRIBING MOVEMENT CONTROL AT TWO LEVELS OF ABSTRACTION 218
6.1. ARGUMENTS FOR MULTIPLE LEVELS OF BEHAVIORAL ORGANIZATION 218
6.2. ACTIVITY MODULES FOR DESCRIBING TRACKING AND OTHER SKILLED MOVEMENTS 221
6.3. A REACTIVE TARGET ACQUISITION TASK 230
6.4. METHOD 232
6.5. RESULTS 235
6.6. DISCUSSION 257
Chapter 7. HUMAN COMPUTER INTERACTION 268
7.1. INTRODUCTION 268
7.2. THE EMPlRICAL APPROACH 271
7.3. THE ANTHROPOMORPHIC APPROACH 281
7.4. THE COGNITIVE APPROACH 292
7.5. THE PREDICTIVE MODELING APPROACH 303
7.6. THE ROLE OF HUMAN FACTORS 308
Chapter 8. ADAPTIVE CONTROL IN HUMAN-MACHINE SYSTEMS 324
8.1. INTRODUCTION 324
8.2. STRESS AND ADAPTIVE FUNCTIONING 328
8.3. USE OF MENTAL WORKLOAD MEASURES AS INPUT TO AN ADAPTIVE SYSTEM 336
8.4. THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HUMAN-MACHINE SYSTEMS 339
8.5. ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS 345
8.6. A KNOWLEDGE-BASED ADAPTIVE MECHANISM 351
8.7. CONCLUSION 358
Chapter 9. HUMAN FACTORS IN ORGANIZATIONAL DESIGN AND MANAGEMENT 366
9.1. THE CONCEPT OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND DESIGN 368
9.2. ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS 370
9.3. DESIGNING THE COMPONENTS OF STRUCTURE 374
9.4. MODERATING ORGANIZATIONAL DESIGN 383
9.5. SELECTING THE TYPE OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE 400
Index 420

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 1.10.1987
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Psychologie ► Allgemeine Psychologie
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Psychologie ► Test in der Psychologie
• Themenwelt: Informatik ► Software Entwicklung ► User Interfaces (HCI)
• Themenwelt: Sozialwissenschaften ► Politik / Verwaltung ► Europäische / Internationale Politik
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Maschinenbau
• Themenwelt: Wirtschaft
• ISBN-10: 0-08-086701-4 / 0080867014
• ISBN-13: 978-0-08-086701-4 / 9780080867014