Traffic and Transport Psychology (eBook)

Theory and Application

Geoffrey Underwood (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF

2005 | 1. Auflage
656 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-055079-4 (ISBN)

Infos

Just as our transport systems become more and more important to our economic and social well-being, so they become more and more crowded and more at risk from congestion, disruption, and collapse. Technology and engineering can provide part of the solution, but the complete solution will need to take account of the behaviour of the users of the transport networks.

The role of psychologists in this is to understand how people make decisions about the alternative modes of transport and about the alternative routes to their destinations, to understand how novice and other vulnerable users can develop safe and effective behaviours, how competent users can operate within the transport system optimally and within their perceptual and cognitive limitations.

The contributions to this volume address these issues of how the use of our transport systems can be improved by taking into account knowledge of the behaviour of the people who use the systems. Topics discussed include driver training and licensing, driver impairment, road user attitudes and behaviour, enforcement and behaviour change, driver support systems, and the psychology of mobility and transport mode choice.

This work will be of value not only to psychologists but to all transport professionals interested in the application of psychology to traffic.

Inhalt

Cover Page 1
Traffic and Transport Psychology: Theory and Application 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 6
Preface 12
Prologue 14
Chapter 1. Traffic Psychology in a (New) Social Setting 16
Vulnerable Road Users I: Pedestrians and Cyclists 28
Chapter 2. Using Epidemiological Data to Address Psychological Questions about Pedestrian Behaviour 30
Chapter 3. Rural and Urban Children's Understanding of Safety and Danger on the Road 40
Chapter 4. A Thematic Analysis of Children and Young Adults' Perceptions of Roadway Risk 50
Chapter 5. Are Differences in Children's Travel Reflected in Their Cognitive Maps? 62
Chapter 6. Criteria for Cyclists' Everyday Route Choice 76
Vulnerable Road Users II: Older Road Users 90
Chapter 7. The Elderly Pedestrian and Social Representations 92
Chapter 8. Elderly Drivers' Hazard Perception and Driving Performance 104
Chapter 9. Assessment and Decision Criteria for Driving Competence in the Elderly 114
Chapter 10. The Rookwood Driving Battery and the Older Adult 128
Vulnerable Road Users III: Novice Drivers 140
Chapter 11. What Do Novice Drivers Learn during the First Months of Driving? Improved Handling Skills or Improved Road User Interaction? 142
Chapter 12. "TRAINER" Project: Pilot Applications for the Evaluation of New Driver Training Technologies 154
Chapter 13. Profile of the British Learner Driver 170
Chapter 14. Effects of Lowering the Age Limit for Driver Training 184
Emotion and Personality 192
Chapter 15. The Role of Attributions and Anger in Aggressive Driving Behaviours 194
Chapter 16. Developing the Driving Anger Scal 204
Chapter 17. Effects of Emotions on Optimism Bias and Illusion of Control in Traffic 216
Chapter 18. Big Five Personality Traits as the Distal Predictors of Road Accident Involvement 228
Automation and Information Systems 242
Chapter 19. Mind Over Matter: Who's Controlling the Vehicle and How do We Know 244
Chapter 20. Adaptation Effects in an Automated Car-Following Scenario 256
Chapter 21. Evaluation of a DGPS Driver Assistive System for Snowplows and Emergency Vehicles 270
Chapter 22. ADAS' Acceptance and Effects on Behaviour: the Consequences of Automation 286
Chapter 23. Age, Previous Knowledge, and Learnability of Driver Information Systems 292
Chapter 24. Automated Driving Does not Work without the Involvement of the Driver 306
Chapter 25. The Role of Expectations in Interaction Behaviour between Car Drivers 316
Driving Performance I: Control and Workload 328
Chapter 26. Cross Modal Effects in Transportation 330
Chapter 27. Regulation of Speed and Time-Headway in Traffic 340
Chapter 28. Speed, Traffic Complexity and Visual Performance: A Study on Open Road 352
Chapter 29. Effects of Motorway Lighting on Workload and Driving Behaviour 368
Chapter 30. A Study of Conversation Performance Using Mobile Phones 382
Chapter 31. Traffic Psychology Theories: towards Understanding Driving Behaviour and Safety Efforts 396
Driving Performance II: Perception and Awareness 408
Chapter 32. Driver's Perception of Self-Explained Road Infrastructure and Architecture 410
Chapter 33. The Effect of Vehicle Navigation Systems on the Formation of Cognitive Maps 420
Chapter 34. Mental Representation of Traffic Signs: Role of Sign Complexity and Semantic Information 432
Chapter 35. Professional Driver Training and Driver Stress: Effects on Simulated Driving Performance 444
Chapter 36. Does Time Slow down in a Car Crash? Danger, Time Perception and Speed Estimates 456
Chapter 37. Driving without Awareness 468
Chapter 38. Prophylactic Naps Can Reduce Car Accidents Risk in Shift-Workers 484
Violation and Rehabilitation 498
Chapter 39. Drivers and Traffic Laws: a Review of Psychological Theories and Empirical Research 500
Chapter 40. Why Do Drivers Speed? 518
Chapter 41. Effects of Speed Cameras on Driver Attitude and Behaviour 526
Chapter 42. What Shall We Do about Speeding—Education? 534
Chapter 43. Ways to Rehabilitate Drunken Drivers in Germany—Recruiting of Clients, Rehabilitation Programs, Evaluation 542
Chapter 44. Setting up and Assessing a Commitment Procedure in Rehabilitation Training Courses for Traffic Regulation Offenders in France 552
Travel Demand Management and Travel Mode Choice 562
Chapter 45. Changes of Private Car Use in Response to Travel Demand Management 564
Chapter 46. Childhood Influences on Adult Travel Mode Choice 586
Chapter 47. Temporary Structural Change: a Strategy to Break Car-Use Habit and Promote Public Transport 598
Epilogue 606
Chapter 48. Traffic Psychology and Road Safety: Separate Realities 608
Name Index 614
Subject Index 628

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 9.6.2005
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Sachbuch/Ratgeber ► Beruf / Finanzen / Recht / Wirtschaft
• Themenwelt: Sachbuch/Ratgeber ► Natur / Technik ► Fahrzeuge / Flugzeuge / Schiffe
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Psychologie ► Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie
• Themenwelt: Sozialwissenschaften ► Politik / Verwaltung ► Europäische / Internationale Politik
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Bauwesen
• ISBN-10: 0-08-055079-7 / 0080550797
• ISBN-13: 978-0-08-055079-4 / 9780080550794