Mouse Behavioral Testing (eBook)

How to Use Mice in Behavioral Neuroscience

Douglas Wahlsten (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF | EPUB

2010 | 1. Auflage
304 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-12-375675-6 (ISBN)

Infos

Mouse Behavioral Testing: How to Use Mice in Behavioral Neuroscience provides detailed explanations of how to conduct an experiment on mouse behavior from the initial planning of the research design through every step of the process until the data analysis phase. The book discusses the practical matters that need to be considered carefully when working with any species of animal, such as how many animals need to be tested. It describes the tests and techniques devised specifically for work with mice. Every step of the research process is illustrated with real situations encountered in previous studies. All examples are based on real experiments, and extensive details of several published experiments are provided. The essential features of a behavioral test protocol are outlined, and several complete protocols are provided. Methods to balance the order of tests and determine throughput are described, then a completely balanced order of tests in a complex experiment is presented. The book will be useful for those already familiar with the general principles of research but are new to the realm of behavioral testing of live mice. It will also serve as a text for a formal course, most likely at the graduate level. - A guide to running a behavioral testing lab, including the many aspects of mouse research beyond the confines of the specific test - Diagrams and photographs are shown for many kinds of apparatus and test situations with sufficient details such as dimensions to enable building of replicas - Provides step-by-step instructions on planning and executing behavioral experiments in order to run them successfully

Dr. Wahlsten received his Ph.D. degree in psychology from the University of California Irvine and completed his postdoctoral work in behavior genetics at the Institute for Behavioral Genetics at the University of Colorado. He then established research laboratories at the University of Waterloo, the University of Alberta, and the University of North Carolina. The laboratory work involved genetic and developmental analysis of mouse brain defects and methods of behavioral testing. He also acquired expertise in statistical data analysis and theoretical issues central to the field. He was a co-founder of the very successful journal Genes, Brain and Behavior, and was given the Distinguished Scientist award by the International Behavioral and Neural Genetics Society. Throughout his career, he has taught behavioral and neural genetics to undergraduate and graduate students.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
Mouse Behavioral Testing 4
Copyright 5
Contents 6
Preface 12
Acknowledgements 16
Chapter 1 Introduction to the Research Process 18
The Research Process: Scientific Aspects 18
The Institutional Context of Research 24
General References on Mice 29
Books on Behavioral Testing 29
Chapters and Review Articles on Mouse Behavior 29
Chapter 2 Mice 32
Mice Versus Rats 32
Models of Human Functions 35
Origins of Standard Mouse Strains 36
Kinds of Breeding Schemes 37
The Process of Close Inbreeding 41
Inbred Strains for Research 44
Special Genotypes Derived from Inbred Strains 46
Designer Mice: Transgenic Methods and Targeted Mutations 51
Chapter 3 Tests of Mouse Behavior 56
Popularity of Tests 56
Commercial Devices 58
Exploration 60
Anxiety 61
Motor Function 63
Learning 64
Other Tests 68
Chapter 4 Designs 70
One Group 72
Two Groups 74
Matched Pairs 75
Repeated Measures 75
Single-Factor Study With More Than Two Groups (One-Way Design) 76
Two-Factor Studies 78
Multi-Factor Studies 80
Specialized Designs 81
Complications 86
Utilities 88
Chapter 5 Sample Size 92
Utilities to do the Calculations 93
Population and Sample 93
Size of an Effect 103
Significance of an Effect 107
Power of a Test 111
Finding the Correct Sample Size 112
Chapter 6 Ethics Approval 124
Good Ethics and Good Science 124
The Era Before Regulation 126
The Era of Regulated Research With Animals 126
Ethical Status of Mice and Rats 127
The Fundamental Ethical Principle of Animal Research 129
The 3Rs 130
Case Studies 132
Categories of Invasiveness and Severity 134
Categories for Behavioral Tests Used with Mice 135
The Future 136
Chapter 7 Logistics 138
The Total Experiment 138
The Principle of Balancing and Randomization 140
The Total Sample Divided into Smaller Units 140
Throughput 142
Partitioning the Work Day 143
The Balancing Act 144
Randomization to the Rescue 145
Shipments, Cages, Tail Marks, and Id Numbers 146
Cages in the Colony Room 147
The Data Sheet 147
Final Consultation 147
Other Examples 147
More Intricate Designs 148
Chapter 8 Getting Ready for Testing 150
Ordering Mice 150
Shipping 151
Unpacking 153
Marking for Individual Identification 153
Housing 154
Going to School: Test Day 155
Chapter 9 Prelude to Data Analysis 160
Know Your Object 161
Contents of One Row of Data 161
The Id Code 161
Order of Variables Across a Row 161
Naming Variables 162
The Value of Using the Right Values 162
The Plague Called Missing Data 163
Importing the Spreadsheet into the Statistical Program 164
Checking for Errors in the Data 165
The Crucial Distinction Between Errors and Exceptions 166
Looking at Results 168
Statistical Data Analysis as a Final Step in the Process 172
Chapter 10 Domains and Test Batteries 174
Types of Observations 174
The Ethological Method 176
Domains and Subdomains 180
Complexity of Domains 182
Test Batteries 184
Chapter 11 Motivating Mice 194
Hunger and Food Deprivation 195
Electric Shock 205
Water Escape 211
Air Puff Aversion 213
Motivation and Learning 216
Chapter 12 Qualities of Behavioral Tests 220
Resolution, Accuracy, and Precision 220
Consistency 223
Reliability 225
Replicability 227
Validity 228
Chapter 13 Task Refinement and Standardization 232
Flawed Tests and Missteps in the Research Process 232
Task Complexity 236
Task Refinement 245
Test Standardization 249
Standardizing Lab Environment 250
Chapter 14 Video Tracking 252
Basic Features 253
Hardware Modifications for Video Tracking 256
Doubts about the Accuracy of Video Tracking 258
Accuracy and Precision from a Mechanical Device 259
The Solution: IR Backlighting 261
The True Path Length 262
Chapter 15 The Laboratory Environment 266
Two Sources of Environmental Variance in Test Scores 266
Environmental Effects on Test Scores: Early Studies 267
Interactions with Lab Environment: Recent Studies 270
Complexity of the Lab Environment 275
Standardizing the Lab Environment 275
Heterogenization of the Lab Environment 277
Strategies for Standardizing the Lab Environment 278
Appendix -Utilities in Excel 282
Reference List 286
Index 302

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 25.11.2010
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Psychologie ► Test in der Psychologie
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Neurologie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie
• Themenwelt: Sozialwissenschaften ► Soziologie
• Themenwelt: Technik
• ISBN-10: 0-12-375675-8 / 0123756758
• ISBN-13: 978-0-12-375675-6 / 9780123756756