Murder Town, USA

Homicide, Structural Violence, and Activism in Wilmington

Yasser Arafat Payne, Brooklynn K. Hitchens, Darryl L. Chambers (Autoren)

Buch | Hardcover

258 Seiten

2023
Rutgers University Press (Verlag)
978-1-9788-1737-1 (ISBN)

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Describes how fifteen men and women (ages 21-48), formerly involved with the streets, studied and did activism on gun violence in Wilmington, Delaware. This team examined how race, ethnicity, gender, poverty, white-wealth and small-city size contributed to a street identity and especially the spread of gun violence.

Far too many poor Black communities struggle with gun violence and homicide. The result has been the unnatural contortion of Black families and the inter-generational perpetuation of social chaos and untimely death. Young people are repeatedly ripped away from life by violence, while many men are locked away in prisons. In neighborhoods like those of Wilmington, Delaware, residents routinely face the pressures of violence, death, and incarceration. Murder Town, USA is thus a timely ethnography with an innovative structure: the authors helped organize fifteen residents formerly involved with the streets and/or the criminal justice system to document the relationship between structural opportunity and experiences with violence in Wilmington's Eastside and Southbridge neighborhoods.

Earlier scholars offered rich cultural analysis of violence in low-income Black communities, and yet this literature has mostly conceptualized violence through frameworks of personal responsibility or individual accountability. And even if acknowledging the pressure of structural inequality, most earlier researchers describe violence as the ultimate result of some moral failing, a propensity for crime, and the notion of helplessness. Instead, in Murder Town USA, Payne, Hitchens, and Chamber, along with their collaborative team of street ethnographers, instead offer a radical re-conceptualization of violence in low-income Black communities by describing the penchant for violence and involvement in crime overall to be a logical, "resilient" response to the perverse context of structural inequality.

YASSER ARAFAT PAYNE is a professor of sociology in the department of sociology and criminal justice; and the department of Africana studies at the University of Delaware. Dr. Payne completed his Ph.D. in social-personality psychology and postdoctoral fellowship (National Institute of Drug Abuse) in New York City’s largest jail, Rikers Island. Dr. Payne’s street ethnographic research program draws on a methodological framework entitled: StreetParticipatory Action Research— the process of involving members of street identified populations in research and local activism. Also, Dr. Payne’s research program focuses on street culture; gun violence; policing and reentry; experiences with work and school; and Gangster Rap music and culture. BROOKLYNN KRISTINA HITCHENS is an assistant professor of criminology and criminal justice at the University of Maryland. She recently completed a Postdoc in the Department (2020-2021). She is a sociologist and critical criminologist who studies race, class and gender inequities in crime, urban violence and trauma, along with urban policing. Using participatory action research (PAR) methods, she partners with low-income Black communities to reduce racial disparities in gun violence. Her work is primarily qualitative, through the use of ethnography, interviews, and focus groups – and she also utilizes mixed methods. DARRYL L. CHAMBERS is the executive director of the Center of Structural Equity in Wilmington, DE; and this center houses four Street PAR projects, a gun violence prevention and outreach program and other various youth programs. Mr. Chambers is also a Research Associate at the Center for Drug and Health Studies (CDHS) at the University of Delaware. His responsibilities at CDHS include the SPF-SIG project, the Safe Haven Program, the Suicide Prevention Grant, and Crime Mapping in Wilmington, DE.

Introduction: Street Identity, Structural Violence, and Street PAR 1

Part I: Context of Opportunity and Violence
1 A City of Banks: A Long Legacy of Economic Violence and Crime
2 “Welcome to Wilmington—A Place to Be Somebody”: Negotiating City Culture and Building Rapport
3 “Murder Town, USA”: Reframing Gun Violence and Resilience in a Small City

Part II: Management, Containment, and the Social Control of Black Wilmington
4 "I'm Still Waiting Man . . . on That Golden Ticket!" Education and Economic Justice, a Dream Deferred––in Perpetuity
5 “F-ck the Police!” Standing Up to the Policing Machine
6 “I Don’t Let These Felonies Hold Me Back!” HowThe Streets Radically Reframed Re-entry

Part III: Street Agency: Coping with and Ending the Structural Violence Complex
7 “Brenda’s Got a Baby”: Competing Roles of Black Women as Matriarchs and Hustlers
8 “Street Love”: How Psychological and Social Well-Being Interrupts Gun Violence
9 “Winter is Coming!” White Walkers, Revolutionary Change, and the Streets Call for Structural Transformation

Conclusion: Calling for a Radical Street Ethnography: Street PAR, SOR Theory, and the Bottom Caste

Notes
Bibliography
Index

Erscheinungsdatum	10.08.2023
Reihe/Serie	Critical Issues in Crime and Society
Zusatzinfo	7 bw illus. & 10 tables
Verlagsort	New Brunswick NJ
Sprache	englisch
Maße	156 x 235 mm
Gewicht	463 g
Themenwelt	Sachbuch/Ratgeber ► Geschichte / Politik ► Regional- / Landesgeschichte
	Geisteswissenschaften ► Geschichte ► Allgemeine Geschichte
	Geisteswissenschaften ► Geschichte ► Regional- / Ländergeschichte
	Geschichte ► Teilgebiete der Geschichte ► Kulturgeschichte
	Recht / Steuern ► Strafrecht ► Kriminologie
	Sozialwissenschaften ► Soziologie
ISBN-10	1-9788-1737-1 / 1978817371
ISBN-13	978-1-9788-1737-1 / 9781978817371
Zustand	Neuware