Braintrust (eBook)

What Neuroscience Tells Us about Morality

Patricia S. Churchland (Autor)

eBook Download: EPUB

2018
288 Seiten
Princeton University Press (Verlag)
978-1-4008-8938-9 (ISBN)

Infos

A provocative new account of how morality evolvedWhat is morality? Where does it come from? And why do most of us heed its call most of the time? In Braintrust, neurophilosophy pioneer Patricia Churchland argues that morality originates in the biology of the brain. She describes the "e;neurobiological platform of bonding"e; that, modified by evolutionary pressures and cultural values, has led to human styles of moral behavior. The result is a provocative genealogy of morals that asks us to reevaluate the priority given to religion, absolute rules, and pure reason in accounting for the basis of morality.Moral values, Churchland argues, are rooted in a behavior common to all mammals-the caring for offspring. The evolved structure, processes, and chemistry of the brain incline humans to strive not only for self-preservation but for the well-being of allied selves-first offspring, then mates, kin, and so on, in wider and wider "e;caring"e; circles. Separation and exclusion cause pain, and the company of loved ones causes pleasure; responding to feelings of social pain and pleasure, brains adjust their circuitry to local customs. In this way, caring is apportioned, conscience molded, and moral intuitions instilled. A key part of the story is oxytocin, an ancient body-and-brain molecule that, by decreasing the stress response, allows humans to develop the trust in one another necessary for the development of close-knit ties, social institutions, and morality.A major new account of what really makes us moral, Braintrust challenges us to reconsider the origins of some of our most cherished values.

Autor

Patricia S. Churchland is professor emerita of philosophy at the University of California, San Diego, and an adjunct professor at the Salk Institute. Her books include Brain-Wise and Neurophilosophy.

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 22.5.2018
• Reihe/Serie: Princeton Science Library
• Vorwort: Patricia S. Churchland
• Zusatzinfo: 12 b/w illus.
• Verlagsort: Princeton
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Sachbuch/Ratgeber ► Natur / Technik
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Philosophie ► Allgemeines / Lexika
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Philosophie ► Ethik
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Psychologie ► Biopsychologie / Neurowissenschaften
• Schlagworte: Adaptation • Aggression • Altruism • Analogy • Autism • Behavior • brain • Brainstem • Causality • Chimpanzee • Consciousness • Consequentialism • Criticism • Decision-Making • Delusion • Ecology • Empathy • Ethical Dilemma • ethics • Ethology • Evolution • experimental psychology • Explanation • Feeling • Fight-or-flight response • functional magnetic resonance imaging • Gene–environment interaction • gene expression • Good and evil • gratification • Hedonism • Heritability • Homeostatic emotion • Hormone • human behavior • Human Brain • Hypothalamus • Infant • inference • Institution • insular cortex • interaction • Jaak Panksepp • Jonathan Haidt • Lateralization of brain function • learning • Mammal • mimicry • mirror neuron • Morality • Motivation • Negotiation • Neuroscience • neuroscientist • Oxford University Press • Oxytocin • Pain and pleasure • Philosopher • Philosophy • Posture (psychology) • Prairie vole • Prediction • prefrontal cortex • Principle • Processing (Chinese materia medica) • Protein • psychologist • Psychology • Psychopathy • questionnaire • Rationality • reason • Religion • Reputation • Requirement • result • Science • Scientist • self care • Self-control • Serotonin • sibling • Simon Blackburn • Social behavior • Social Cognition • social competence • social issue • Sociality • Social Practice • Social problem-solving • Social Science • Social Skills • Temperament • theory • Theory of Mind • Thought • Understanding • Utilitarianism • Value theory • well-being
• ISBN-10: 1-4008-8938-3 / 1400889383
• ISBN-13: 978-1-4008-8938-9 / 9781400889389