Drugs in Psychiatric Practice (eBook)

Sam Stuart (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF

2013 | 1. Auflage
454 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-1-4831-9193-5 (ISBN)

Infos

Drugs in Psychiatric Practice present a comprehensive examination of the drug treatment in psychiatry. It discusses certain ways in which drugs behaved. It addresses the advances in pharmacology and the basis of prescription. Some of the topics covered in the book are the classification of psychotropic drugs; basic principles of pharmacokinetics and drug metabolism; anti-schizophrenic drugs; evaluation of psychotropic drugs; unconventional chemotherapy; anti-parkinsonian and anti-dyskinetic drugs; introduction of amitriptyline; and tricyclic antidepressants. The role of tricyclic drugs in the treatment of enuresis and the drug treatment of organic brain syndrome are fully covered. An in-depth account of the monoamine oxidase inhibitors and amine precursors are provided. The tolerance and pharmacological dependence on alcohol are completely presented. A chapter is devoted to the factors involve in ethanol metabolism. Another section focuses on the unwanted effects of psychotropic drugs. The book can provide useful information to doctors, pharmacists, psychologists, students, and researchers.

Dr. Sam Stuart is a physiotherapist and a research Fellow within the Balance Disorders Laboratory, OHSU. His work focuses on vision, cognition and gait in neurological disorders, examining how technology-based interventions influence these factors. He has published extensively in world leading clinical and engineering journals focusing on a broad range of activities such as real-world data analytics, algorithm development for wearable technology and provided expert opinion on technology for concussion assessment for robust player management. He is currently a guest editor for special issues (sports medicine and transcranial direct current stimulation for motor rehabilitation) within Physiological Measurement and Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, respectively.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
Drugs in Psychiatric Practice 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 10
Preface 6
Contributors 8
Introduction 14
References 15
Chapter 1. Classification of psychotropic drugs 16
What is a psychotropic drug? 16
Types of classification 16
Classification of drugs used in this book 22
References 23
Chapter 2. Pharmacokinetics and drug metabolismbasic principles 24
Definitions and basic principles in pharmacokinetics 24
Multiple administration 30
Absorption 30
Protein binding and distribution 33
Metabolism 35
Excretion 38
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacological effect 39
Conclusions 42
References 43
Chapter 3. Evaluation of psychotropic drugs 44
Animal studies 44
Experimental studies in volunteers 46
Experimental studies in patients 48
Early clinical trials 48
Marketing 51
Early and late clinical evaluation 52
References 53
Chapter 4. Antischizophrenic drugs 55
Introduction 55
Nomenclature 59
Unconventional chemotherapy 60
Pharmacology 61
Non-DA-related pharmacology 65
Pharmacokinetics 68
Clinical efficacy 74
Unwanted effects 81
References 89
Chapter 5. Antiparkinsonian and antidyskinetic drugs 95
Introduction 95
Pathophysiology of neuroleptic-induced movement disorders 96
Drug treatment of neuroleptic-induced movement disorders 102
References 129
Chapter 6. Antianxiety drugs 139
Generalized central anxiolytics (sedative drugs) 139
Specific central anxiolytics (ataractic drugs) 147
Combined preparations including antianxiety drugs 175
Peripheral anxiolytics 176
Comparison of antianxiety drugs 182
References 182
Chapter 7. Tricyclic antidepressants 190
Introduction 190
Pharmacology 192
Pharmacokinetics 193
Clinical use 197
Introduction of amitriptyline 199
Other tricyclic antidepressant drugs 200
Comparisons between tricyclic drugs and other antidepressive treatments 211
Tricyclic drugs in the treatment of enuresis 215
General topics concerning the tricyclic drugs 216
Unwanted effects 219
References 223
Chapter 8. New generation of antidepressants 232
Tricyclic antidepressants 233
MAO inhibitors 234
Maprotiline (Ludiomil) 235
Mianserin (Bolvidon, Norval) 237
Flupenthixol (Fluanxol) 243
Nomifensine (Merital) 245
Trazodone (Molipaxin) 248
Zimelidine 251
Comments 252
Summary 252
References 253
Chapter 9. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors and amine precursors 262
Pharmacology 263
Pharmacokinetics 265
Dosage and clinical response 271
Unwanted effects 274
Individual monoamine oxidase inhibitors 280
Main clinical indications for MAOIs 283
Amine precursors 284
Summary 287
References 287
Chapter 10. Lithium carbonate 293
Introduction and historical aspects 293
Pharmacology 294
Pharmacokinetics 295
Determination of lithium concentration 299
Lithium preparations 300
Clinical use 302
Treatment of depression with lithium 307
Lithium and schizoaffective disorders 308
Lithium and other conditions 309
Unwanted effects 310
Drug interactions 312
Unwanted and toxic effects of lithium 314
Acknowledgements 318
References 318
Chapter 11. Psychostimulants 326
Introduction 326
Pharmacology 326
Pharmacokinetics 327
Clinical efficacy 328
Methylphenidate 329
Other psychostimulants 330
Drug interactions 332
References 332
Chapter 12. Drugs of dependence 334
Controlled drugs 336
Opiate drugs 337
Tobacco smoking and nicotine dependence 349
Amphetamines 351
Solvent abuse 354
Minor analgesic abuse 355
Non-barbiturate sedatives 356
Barbiturates 357
Cannabis 358
Cocaine 360
References 360
Chapter 13. Alcohol 365
Historical background 365
Ethanol metabolism 365
Ethanol oxidation 366
Problem drinking 368
Tolerance and pharmacological dependence 368
Alcohol and women 370
Ethanol and the neuronal membrane 370
Clinical use of ethanol 371
Drug treatment for problem drinking 372
References 377
Chapter 14. Drugs in child psychiatry 380
Pharmacokinetics 381
Pharmacodynamics 381
Tricyclic antidepressants 383
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors 384
Lithium carbonate 384
Summary of clinical use 386
Unwanted effects of psychotropic drugs in children 387
References 390
Chapter 15. Drugs in psychogeriatrics 393
Introduction 393
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic aspects of ageing 394
Other aspects of ageing of relevance to psychotropic drug therapy 395
Unwanted effects of psychotropic drugs—some general principles 398
Antidepressant drugs and the treatment of depression 399
Minor tranquillizers and the treatment of anxiety and insomnia 402
Major tranquillizers and the treatment of paranoid states 402
The drug treatment of organic brain syndrome 403
Lithium and the treatment of mania and recurrent depression 405
Non-psychotropic drugs causing psychiatric problems 406
Conclusions 407
References 407
Chapter 16. Other uses of psychotropic drugs in psychiatry 412
Anorexia nervosa 412
Obesity 415
Sexual disorders 416
Drugs to improve sexual performance 418
Other uses of hormones in psychiatry 419
References 420
Index of drug interactions 422
Index of international trade names 424
Subject index 436

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 22.10.2013
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Sachbuch/Ratgeber ► Gesundheit / Leben / Psychologie ► Krankheiten / Heilverfahren
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Allgemeines / Lexika
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Gesundheitsfachberufe
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Pharmakologie / Pharmakotherapie
• Themenwelt: Studium ► 2. Studienabschnitt (Klinik) ► Pharmakologie / Toxikologie
• ISBN-10: 1-4831-9193-1 / 1483191931
• ISBN-13: 978-1-4831-9193-5 / 9781483191935