Diagnostic Electron Microscopy of Tumours (eBook)

Feroze N. Ghadially (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF

2017 | 2. Auflage
510 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-1-4831-6305-5 (ISBN)

Infos

Diagnostic Electron Microscopy of Tumors, Second Edition is a guide on how to employ electron microscopy techniques in making evaluation on tumor biopsies. This edition aims to serve as a source of information, references, and electron micrographs for the practicing electron microscopists. This book is divided into five parts; each of which tackles a different topic. Part 1 discusses the collection of specimen, and Part 2 talks about the assessment of tumors' behavior and growth. Ultrastructural analysis of diagnostic problems is covered in Part 3; the significance of some ultrastructural features in tumors is explained in Parts 4 and 5. This text is recommended for those who wish to examine tumor biopsies with an electron microscope as well as those who want to become more conversant with such matters, so that they can understand and evaluate electron micrographs and reports. This book will be valuable to physicians, surgeons, histopathologists, and pathology residents.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
Diagnostic Electron Microscopy of Tumours 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 12
Preface to the second edition 6
Preface to the first edition 8
References 9
Acknowledgements 10
Part 1: Ultrastructural techniques 14
Chapter 1. Collecting and processing tissues for diagnostic electron microscopy 16
Changes produced by delays in specimen collection 16
Method of tissue processing employed in our laboratory 18
Choice of fixatives 18
Importance of using small blocks of tissues 21
Search for a fixative suitable for both light and electron microscopy 21
Fast methods of processing tissues 23
Reprocessing paraffin-embedded tissue for electron microscopy 23
Semithin sections 24
Staining 25
References 25
Chapter 2. Choosing an electron microscope 27
References 29
Part 2: Ultrastructural assessment of behaviour and growth rate of tumours 30
Chapter 3. Is it malignant? 32
Cytological changes 32
Intercellular relationships 32
Infiltration 32
Some instances where electron microscopy may help to distinguish benign and malignant tumours 37
References 37
Chapter 4. Differences between normal and neoplastic cells 38
Nucleus 38
Interchromatin and perichromatin granules 50
Nuclear envelope and pores 52
Giant perichromatin granules 51
Nuclear fibrous lamina 53
Intranuclear inclusions 53
Nucleolus 61
Mitochondria 64
Rough endoplasmic reticulum 68
Golgi complex 70
Lysosomes 72
References 73
Part 3: Ultrastructural analysis of diagnostic problems 76
Chapter 5. Is it a carcinoma or a sarcoma? (A study of cell junctions in normal and neoplastic tissues) 78
Basal lamina and external lamina 78
Cell junctions 79
Cell junctions in neoplasia 89
References 98
Chapter 6. Is it an adenocarcinoma or a squamous cell carcinoma? 100
Types of granules in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma 100
Intercellular canaliculi, lumina or spaces 103
Intracellular or intracytoplasmic lumina 105
Interdigitations of the cell membrane 107
References 108
Chapter 7. Is it a mesothelioma? 109
Histological features 109
Ultrastructure of mesothelioma 110
References 118
Chapter 8. Is it a melanoma? 119
Melanosomes 120
Melanin-producing cells 120
Melanocytes 120
Distribution of solitary and compound melanosomes 123
Ultrastructure of melanoma and diagnostic pitfalls 123
References 134
Chapter 9. Is it a neuroendocrinoma (APUDoma)? What type of neuroendocrinoma is it? 136
Is it a neuroendocrinoma? 137
Islet cells and islet cell tumours 142
Carcinoid tumours 148
Phaeochromocytoma (chromaffin paraganglioma) 152
Chemodectoma (non-chromaffin paraganglioma) 155
Diagnostic implications of noradrenaline granules 157
Pituitary adenomas 157
Amyloid in neuroendocrinomas 160
References 161
Chapter 10. Differential diagnosis of eosinophilic granular cell tumours 165
Tinctorial and texturial properties ofthe cytoplasm 165
Oncocytes and oncocytomas 166
Granular cell myoblastoma (granular cell schwannoma) 180
Some other granular cell tumours 182
References 187
Chapter 11. Is it a renal oncocytoma or a renal cell carcinoma? 190
Renal oncocytoma 190
Renal cell carcinoma 193
Ultrastructural criteria and diagnostic problems 197
References 198
Chapter 12. Is it a myosarcoma? 199
Rhabdomyoma 200
Rhabdomyosarcoma 201
Minimum diagnostic criteria for rhabdomyosarcoma 207
Leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma 211
Leiomyoblastoma 214
Myoepithelial cell and myoepithelioma 215
Pericytes and haemangiopericytoma 216
Myofibroblasts and myofibroblastoma 216
Glomus cells and glomangioma 216
Concluding remarks 216
References 216
Chapter 13. Is it a schwannoma or a fibroblastic neoplasm? 219
Cells of the normal peripheral nerve sheath 219
Classification and nomenclature 220
Benign schwannoma (neurilemmoma) 220
Neurofibroma 228
Malignant schwannoma 229
Epithelioid schwannoma 229
Melanotic schwannoma and blue naevi 229
Fibroblastic neoplasms 230
References 238
Chapter 14. Differential diagnosis of Ewing's tumour, neuroblastoma and lymphoma 241
Ewing's tumour 241
Lymphomas 250
References 250
Chapter 15. Differential diagnosis of acute leukaemias 252
Granules in normal myeloid, lymphoid and monocytic series of cells 253
Leukaemic cells 254
Other features of interest 263
Ribosome-lamella complex 267
References 268
Chapter 16. Is it plasma cell hyperplasia or neoplasia? 269
Reactive plasmacytosis (plasma cell hyperplasia) 269
Plasmacytoma 271
Multiple myeloma 272
Acute plasma cell leukaemia 274
Some other points of interest 276
References 278
Chapter 17. Distinguishing erythroleukaemia from other disorders of the erythropoietic system 279
References 281
Chapter 18. Is it a vasoformative tumour? 282
The role of electron microscopy in the diagnosis of vasoformative tumours 282
Endothelial cells 284
Rod-shaped microtubulated body 284
Haemangiopericytoma 290
Haemangioblastoma and angioblastic 290
Haemangiopericytoma 290
Glomus tumour and glomangioma 294
Lymphangiomatous tumours 294
References 296
Chapter 19. Is it a tumour of steroid-secreting cells? 298
Testis 299
Ovary 302
Adrenals 304
References 311
Chapter 20. Is it a chondroid tumour or a chordoma? 313
Normal cartilage 313
Differences between chondrocytes and fibroblasts 314
Matrix 317
Notochord and chordoma 321
References 328
Part 4: Significance of certain ultrastructural features seen in tumours 330
Chapter 21 . Annulate lamellae 332
Morphology of annulate lamellae 332
Situations in which annulate lamellae have been found 332
Mode of formation of annulate lamellae 336
References 338
Chapter 22. Dark cell–light cell 339
References 345
Chapter 23. Filamentous core rootlets and glycocalyceal bodies 347
Nomenclature and morphology 347
Distribution 347
Mode of formation of glycocalyceal bodies 349
References 356
Chapter 24. Intracytoplasmic filaments 357
Chapter 24. Intracytoplasmic filaments 357
Nomenclature of thread-like structures 357
Myofilaments 358
Other intracytoplasmic filaments(intermediate filaments) 358
Tumour diagnosis by intermediate filament typing 371
References 373
Chapter 25. Intracytoplasmic lumina 375
Nomenclature and morphology 375
Distribution 375
Nature and mode of formation 377
Diagnostic implications 378
References 380
Chapter 26. Lipid 382
References 386
Chapter 27. Nuclear bodies 387
Nomenclature and morphology 387
Distribution 387
Composition 388
Distribution 387
Significance and diagnostic implications 389
References 390
Chapter 28. Ribosome-lamella complex 392
Nomenclature and morphology 392
Distribution 392
References 396
Part 5: Ultrastructural features of some tumours 398
Chapter 29. Acinar cell carcinoma 400
Morphology of acinar cell granules 400
Acinar cell carcinoma of exocrine pancreas 404
References 405
Chapter 30. Alveolar soft part sarcoma 407
References 411
Chapter 31. Blue naevus 412
Blue naevi in hamsters 416
References 419
Chapter 32. Bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma and its subtypes 420
Classification and nomenclature 420
Bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma and Clara cells 422
The granular pneumocyte 422
Diagnostic features and pitfalls in diagnosing alveolar cell carcinoma 423
References 434
Chapter 33. Clear cell tumour of the lung (sugar tumour) 436
References 438
Chapter 34. Histiocytosis X 439
References 443
Chapter 35. Juxtaglomerular cell tumour (renin-secreting kidney tumour) 445
References 449
Chapter 36. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma 450
Site of occurrence and histology 450
Ultrastructural morphology 453
Origin of histiocytes 454
Histogenesis 457
Role of electron microscopy in the diagnosis of malignant fibrous histiocytoma 458
References 458
Chapter 37. Melanotic schwannoma and pigment-producingc ells in tumours 460
Melanin-producing cells and their tumours 460
References 467
Chapter 38. Myofîbroblastoma (A tumour of myofibroblasts) 469
Myofibroblasts, history and morphology 469
Site of occurrence of myofibroblasts 470
Morphology of myofibroblastoma 471
Function of myofibroblasts 474
Genesis and status of myofibroblasts 474
Myofibroblasts in tumours and behaviour of myofibroblastomas 476
Histogenesis of myofibroblastoma 477
References 477
Chapter 39. Synovial sarcoma 480
History, classification and nomenclature 480
The structure and development of synovium 481
Synovial sarcoma 488
Immunohistochemistry 491
Is synovial sarcoma a mesothelioma or adenosarcoma? 491
Epithelioid sarcoma 492
References 492
Index 494

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 17.5.2017
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Sachbuch/Ratgeber ► Gesundheit / Leben / Psychologie ► Krankheiten / Heilverfahren
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Onkologie
• Themenwelt: Studium ► 2. Studienabschnitt (Klinik) ► Anamnese / Körperliche Untersuchung
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie
• Themenwelt: Technik
• ISBN-10: 1-4831-6305-9 / 1483163059
• ISBN-13: 978-1-4831-6305-5 / 9781483163055