Marine Protected Areas and Ocean Conservation (eBook)

Tundi S. Agardy (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF

1997 | 1. Auflage
256 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-055103-6 (ISBN)

Infos

This book reviews the need for marine conservation, summarizes general measures for ocean and coastal conservation, and explains the rationale for establishing marine protected areas. The second half of the book is essentially a guideline for designing and implementing protected areas in order to make them viable and long-lasting in their effectiveness.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
Marine Protected Areas and Ocean Conservation 2
Copyright Page 3
Contents 6
Part I: Marine Conservation Issues 16
Chapter 1. Introduction to Marine Systems: Biodiversity, Ecology and Value to Humans 18
Section 1. Marine Biodiversity and Why it Stands Threatened 18
Section 2. Differences Between Marine and Terrestrial Ecosystems 29
Section 3. The Value of Marine Systems to Mankind 31
Chapter 2. Threats to Oceans and Coastal Areas 38
Section 1. Human Impacts on Marine and Coastal Systems 38
Section 2. Direct Threats to Marine Systems 40
Section 3. Indirect Threats to Coastal and Marine Systems 31
Section 4. Management Constraints and Societal Attitudes 57
Chapter 3. General Measures to Address Threats to Marine Ecosystems 68
Section 1. Defining Levels of Resource Use That Are Sustainable 68
Section 2. Identifying and Protecting Areas Critical to Ecosystem Function 79
Section 3. Using Zoning to Resolve User Conflicts 80
Section 4. Establishing Ownership and Laying the Groundwork for Stewardship 84
Section 5. Special Management for Special Species 85
Section 6. Integrating Management Across All Sectors 86
Part II: Countering Threats to Ocean Systems Through Marine Protected Areas 94
Chapter 4. An Introduction to Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) and Management Goals 96
Section 1. Marine Protected Areas as a Tool for Management 96
Section 2. Management Goals and Objectives of MPAs 103
Section 3. Strategies for Designating Networks of MPAs 106
Part III: Types of Marine Protected Areas 112
Chapter 5. Marine Protected Area Typologies 114
Section 1. Marine Management Areas and MPAs 114
Section 2. lUCN Classification Scheme 116
Section 3. Functional Classification of MPAs 118
Chapter 6. Closed Area Designations and Harvest Refugia: One End of the Type Spectrum 126
Section 1. Closed Areas and Harvest Refugia 126
Section 2. Net Benefits of Closed Areas 128
Section 3. Closed Areas Within Multiple Use Management Regimes 131
Chapter 7. Coastal Biosphere Reserves: The Other End of the Type Spectrum 138
Section 1. Introduction to Coastal Biosphere Reserves 138
Section 2. Objectives and Roles of Coastal Biosphere Reserves 143
Section 3. Zoning Within Coastal Biosphere Reserves 145
Section 4. A General Protocol for Planning Coastal Biosphere Reserves 150
Section 5. Implementing and Managing Biosphere Reserves 152
Section 6. Research Orientations Within Coastal Biosphere Reserves 155
Chapter 8. Marine Protected Area Case Studies 160
Section 1. The Bijagos Archipelago Biosphere Reserve (Guinea Bissau) 160
Section 2. The Mafia Island Marine Park (Tanzania) 182
Part IV: The General Process for Planning and Implementing Marine Protected Areas 196
Chapter 9. Marine Protected Area Site Selection 198
Section 1. Selecting Sites by Value, Threat and Opportunity 198
Section 2. Defining the Natural Bounds of the Targeted Ecosystem 202
Section 3. Assessing Threats to Coastal and Marine Biodiversity 203
Section 4. Identifying Special Opportunities for Marine Protected Area Designation 204
Chapter 10. Guidelines for Marine Protected Area Design and Management Planning 206
Section 1. A Generic Planning Process for Marine Protected Areas 206
Section 2. Developing Management Appropriate to Needs 209
Section 3. Monitoring and Evaluation 211
Section 4. Ten Principles for Marine Protected Area Success 214
Part V: Future Prospects 218
Chapter 11. International Instruments and Frameworks Facilitating Marine Protected Area Designation 220
Section 1. Introduction to Frameworks and Legal Instruments 220
Section 2. The United Nations Convention on Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) 223
Section 3. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Regional Seas Conventions 223
Section 4. Convention on Biological Diversity 223
Section 5. UNESCO Biosphere Reserve Programme 224
Section 6. Agreements Resulting from Agenda 21 of the Rio Earth Summit Meeting 225
Section 7. Ramsar (Convention on Wetlands of International Importance) 225
Section 8. Regional Fisheries Agreements 226
Chapter 12. Conclusions 228
Section 1. Current Extent of MPAs Worldwide 228
Section 2. Lessons Learned from Existing Marine Protected Areas 230
Section 3. Relation of Marine Protected Areas to Broader Coastal Management Efforts 232
Appendix. Principles for the Conservation of Living Resources 234
Literature Cited 238
Index 256

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 20.3.1997
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Sachbuch/Ratgeber
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Limnologie / Meeresbiologie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Ökologie / Naturschutz
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Chemie ► Technische Chemie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Hydrologie / Ozeanografie
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Elektrotechnik / Energietechnik
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Maschinenbau
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Umwelttechnik / Biotechnologie
• ISBN-10: 0-08-055103-3 / 0080551033
• ISBN-13: 978-0-08-055103-6 / 9780080551036