Environmental Hydraulics (eBook)

Hydrodynamic and Pollutant Transport Models of Lakes and Coastal Waters

Huihua Shen, Ioannis Tsanis, Caterina Valeo, Jian Wu (Autoren)

eBook Download: PDF

2007 | 1. Auflage
368 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-046796-2 (ISBN)

Infos

"Hydrodynamic and pollutant transport models are useful tools for evaluating remediation options for polluted water bodies. These models span the range from highly theoretical, fine resolution, physically-based designs to lumped, black-box representations of real world phenomena.

This book examines the numerical approaches used in hydrodynamic and pollutant transport modeling. First, the theory and physical basis of transport and mixing in lakes and coastal waters are provided. Methodologies that use a three-dimensional (3D) approach to predicting the fate and transport of pollutants are presented and this is followed by a presentation of alternatives to 3D circulation modeling as well as new advances in the field. These alternatives offer near 3D accuracy but without the computational burden. Illustrations of the calibration and verification of these models using laboratory data, as well as, field data are also provided. The models are applied to a diverse array of study sites ranging from The Great Lakes in North America to the coastal areas of Northern Crete.

*Presents the theory of hydrodynamic and pollutant transport modelling in lakes and coastal areas
* Thoroughly examines the issues and limitations of the numerical approaches used in hydrodynamic and pollutant transport modelling
* Demonstrates the calibration and verification of hydrodynamic and pollutant transport models using laboratory and field data

"

Inhalt

Cover 1
Copyright page 5
Contents 6
Preface 8
Chapter 1. Introduction 10
1.1. Enviromental Hydraulics 10
1.2. Methodology 11
Chapter 2. The Mathematical Theory of Circulation Models 18
2.1. Governing Equations 18
2.2. Basic Assumptions 20
2.3. Turbulence Closure 21
2.4. Boundary and Initial Conditions 34
2.5. Circulation Theory 38
2.6. Model Considerations 39
2.7. Finite Difference Method 40
Chapter 3. The Vertically Integrated Two-Dimensional Models 42
3.1. Governing Equations 42
3.2. Numerical Methods 43
3.3. Numerical Experiments 53
Chapter 4. Three-Dimensional Circulation Models 60
4.1. A Vertical–Horizontal Splitting 3D Model 60
4.2. An External Internal 3D Model (Princeton Model) 66
4.3. An Operator-Splitting 3D Model 69
4.4. Control Volume 3D Model (IDOR) 78
4.5. Fully Three-Dimensional Model 100
4.6. Large Eddy Simulation Model 111
Chapter 5. Quasi-Three-Dimensional Circulation Models 120
5.1. Q3D Model 121
5.2. Vertical Eddy Viscosity Distribution 122
5.3. Vertical–Horizontal Integrating (VHI) 3D Model 123
Chapter 6. Particle Trajectory Models and Pollutant Transport Models 140
6.1. Particle Trajectory Models 140
6.2. Numerical Schemes for the 2D Pollutant Transport Models 142
6.3. Numerical Schemes for the 3D Pollutant Transport Model 145
Chapter 7. Numerical Analysis of Coarse-Fine Grid Model 148
7.1. An Approach to Modelling Nearshore Areas 148
7.2. Algorithm for Coupling the Coarse and Fine Grids 149
7.3. Applications of the Coarse-Fine Grid Model to Hamilton Harbour 151
7.4. Toronto Waterfront 163
7.5. Lake Biwa 165
Chapter 8. Model Verifications with Analytical Solutions and Laboratory Data 172
8.1. Pollutant Transport and Residence Time in a Model Basin 172
8.2. Study of Wind-Induced Flows 188
Chapter 9. Model Applications to the Great Lakes 204
9.1. General Circulation in the Great Lakes 204
9.2. Bacterial Transport of the St. Clair River in Sarnia 208
9.3. Toronto Waterfront Receiving Water Study 229
9.4. Hamilton Harbour Study 240
9.5. Cootes Paradise Study 253
9.6. Lake St. Clair Study 264
9.7. Lake Simcoe Study 276
9.8. Little Lake and Crary Park Marina Study 280
Chapter 10. Model Applications to other Lakes and Coastal Waters 296
10.1. Model Application in Gretan Pelagos (Mediterranean Sea) 296
10.2. Model Applications to Lake Biwa 303
Chapter 11. The Future in Hydrodynamic Modelling 338
11.1. Environmental Information Systems (EIS) 340
Appendix. Documentation of a Two-Dimensional Circulation Model 344
Inputs 344
Program Execution 346
Source Code 347
Disclaimer 354
References 356
Subject Index 366

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 26.3.2007
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Sachbuch/Ratgeber
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Ökologie / Naturschutz
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Geologie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Geophysik
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Hydrologie / Ozeanografie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Umwelttechnik / Biotechnologie
• ISBN-10: 0-08-046796-2 / 0080467962
• ISBN-13: 978-0-08-046796-2 / 9780080467962