Cybersecurity Law (eBook)

Jeff Kosseff (Autor)

eBook Download: EPUB

2017 | 1. Auflage
528 Seiten
Wiley (Verlag)
978-1-119-23202-5 (ISBN)

Infos

A definitive guide to cybersecurity law

Expanding on the author's experience as a cybersecurity lawyer and law professor, Cybersecurity Law is the definitive guide to cybersecurity law, with an in-depth analysis of U.S. and international laws that apply to data security, data breaches, sensitive information safeguarding, law enforcement surveillance, cybercriminal combat, privacy, and many other cybersecurity issues. Written in an accessible manner, the book provides real-world examples and case studies to help readers understand the practical applications of the presented material. The book begins by outlining the legal requirements for data security, which synthesizes the Federal Trade Commission's cybersecurity cases in order to provide the background of the FTC's views on data security. The book also examines data security requirements imposed by a growing number of state legislatures and private litigation arising from data breaches. Anti-hacking laws, such as the federal Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, Economic Espionage Act, and the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, and how companies are able to fight cybercriminals while ensuring compliance with the U.S. Constitution and statutes are discussed thoroughly. Featuring an overview of the laws that allow coordination between the public and private sectors as well as the tools that regulators have developed to allow a limited amount of collaboration, this book also:

• Addresses current U.S. and international laws, regulations, and court opinions that define the field of cybersecurity including the security of sensitive information, such as financial data and health information

• Discusses the cybersecurity requirements of the largest U.S. trading partners in Europe, Asia, and Latin America, and specifically addresses how these requirements are similar to (and differ from) those in the U.S.

• Provides a compilation of many of the most important cybersecurity statutes and regulations

• Emphasizes the compliance obligations of companies with in-depth analysis of crucial U.S. and international laws that apply to cybersecurity issues

• Examines government surveillance laws and privacy laws that affect cybersecurity as well as each of the data breach notification laws in 47 states and the District of Columbia

• Includes numerous case studies and examples throughout to aid in classroom use and to help readers better understand the presented material

• Supplemented with a companion website that features in-class discussion questions and timely and recent updates on recent legislative developments as well as information on interesting cases on relevant and significant topics

Cybersecurity Law is appropriate as a textbook for undergraduate and graduate-level courses in cybersecurity, cybersecurity law, cyber operations, management-oriented information technology (IT), and computer science. This book is also an ideal reference for lawyers, IT professionals, government personnel, business managers, IT management personnel, auditors, and cybersecurity insurance providers.

JEFF KOSSEFF is Assistant Professor of Cybersecurity Law at the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland. He frequently speaks and writes about cybersecurity and was a journalist covering technology and politics at The Oregonian, a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize, and a recipient of the George Polk Award for national reporting.

JEFF KOSSEFF is Assistant Professor of Cybersecurity Law at the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland. He frequently speaks and writes about cybersecurity and was a journalist covering technology and politics at The Oregonian, a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize, and a recipient of the George Polk Award for national reporting.

Textauszug

Introduction

In recent years, cybersecurity has become not only a rapidly growing industry, but an increasingly vital consideration for nearly every company and government agency in the United States. A data breach can lead to high-stakes lawsuits, significant business disruptions, intellectual property theft, and national security vulnerabilities. Just ask any executive from Sony, Target, Home Depot, or the scores of other companies that experienced costly data breaches or the top officials at the U.S. Office of Personnel Management, which suffered a breach that exposed millions of federal workers' highly confidential security clearance applications. In short, it is abundantly clear that companies, governments, and individuals need to do more to improve cybersecurity.

Many articles and books have been written about the technical steps that are necessary to improve cybersecurity. However, there is much less material available about the legal rules that require – and, in some cases, restrict – specific cybersecurity measures. Legal obligations and restrictions should be considered at the outset of any cybersecurity strategy, just as a company would consider reputational harm and budgetary issues. Failure to comply with the law could lead to significant financial harms, negative publicity, and, in some cases, criminal charges.

Unfortunately, the United States does not have a single “cybersecurity law” that can easily apply to all circumstances. Rather, the United States has a patchwork of hundreds of state and federal statutes, regulations, binding guidelines, and court-created rules regarding data security, privacy, and other issues commonly considered to fall under the umbrella of “cybersecurity.” On top of that, if U.S. companies have customers or employees in other countries, they must consider the privacy and data security laws and regulations of those nations.

This book aims to synthesize the cybersecurity laws that are most likely to affect U.S. corporate and government operations. The book is intended for a wide range of audiences that seek to learn more about cybersecurity law: undergraduate, graduate, and law school students; technology professionals; corporate executives; and lawyers. For lawyers who use this book as a reference treatise, this book contains detailed footnotes to the primary source materials, such as statutes and case citations. However, this book is not intended only for those with law degrees; it is written with the intent of being a guide for lawyers and nonlawyers alike. Similarly, in addition to being a desk reference, this book can be used as a primary or supplemental text in a cybersecurity law class.

The book focuses on the cybersecurity obligations of U.S. companies, but because cyberspace involves global private and public infrastructure, the book does not focus only on U.S. legal obligations of private companies. The book examines the efforts of the public sector and private sector to work together on cybersecurity, as well as the limits on government cyber operations under the U.S. Constitution and various statutes. Moreover, the book discusses some of the foreign cybersecurity laws that U.S. companies are most likely to encounter.

At the outset, it is important to define the term “cybersecurity law.” Unlike more established legal fields, such as copyright, contracts, and torts, cybersecurity law is relatively new and not clearly defined. Indeed, some people think of cybersecurity law as consisting only of data security requirements for companies that are designed to reduce the likelihood of data breaches. Others think of cybersecurity law as anti-hacking laws. And to some, cybersecurity law is a subset of privacy law.

To all of those suggestions, I say “yes.” Cybersecurity encompasses all of those subjects and more. The U.S. Department of Homeland Security's National Initiative for Cybersecurity Careers and Studies defines cybersecurity as “[t]he activity or process, ability or capability, or state whereby information and communications systems and the information contained therein are protected from and/or defended against damage, unauthorized use or modification, or exploitation.” This definition is a good – and largely complete – starting point for the purposes of this book. The DHS definition captures the “CIA Triad” – confidentiality, integrity, and availability – that typically is associated with cybersecurity. Under this definition, we should be concerned with data security laws, data breach litigation, and anti-hacking laws. However, I have two additions to the DHS definition. First, it is impossible to fully evaluate cybersecurity without understanding the limits on the government's ability to conduct electronic surveillances. Accordingly, the Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution and statutes that restrict government surveillance must be considered as part of an examination of cybersecurity law. Second, cybersecurity law is heavily intertwined with privacy law, which restricts the ability of companies and governments to collect, use, and disclose individuals' personal information.

To simplify, this book categorizes cybersecurity law as consisting of six broad areas of law:

• Private sector data security laws
• Anti-hacking laws
• Public–private cybersecurity efforts
• Government surveillance laws
• Cybersecurity requirements for government contractors
• Privacy law

Private Sector Data Security Laws (Chapters 1–4)

Among the most complex – and rapidly changing – areas of cybersecurity are the many requirements that apply to U.S. companies' handling of customers' and employees' personal data. A number of state and federal laws require companies to implement specific data security safeguards, and if a company faces a data breach, it may be required to notify customers, regulators, and credit bureaus. Breaches also could expose companies to costly regulatory actions and class action lawsuits.

Chapter 1 provides an overview of the state and federal laws that generally apply to data security and data breaches. Unlike other nations, the United States does not have a general law that imposes specific privacy and data security requirements on all companies. The closest analogue in the United States is Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act, which prohibits unfair and deceptive trade practices. Chapter 1 examines dozens of complaints that the Federal Trade Commission has filed under this statute arising from allegedly inadequate data security. The chapter next examines the laws in nearly every state that require companies to notify regulators, customers, and credit bureaus of data breaches in certain circumstances. Finally, the chapter examines the dozen state laws that impose specific data security requirements for personal information.

Chapter 2 examines the various types of private class action lawsuits that companies could face after they experience data breaches. First, the chapter examines a concept known as Article III standing, which is among the most significant barriers to plaintiffs' lawsuits arising from data breaches. In short, Article III standing requires that plaintiffs demonstrate that they suffered an injury-in-fact that is fairly traceable to the defendant's conduct and redressable by a lawsuit. Courts are divided as to what types of injuries a data breach plaintiff must demonstrate to have Article III standing. The chapter then reviews common legal claims that arise from data breaches, including negligence, misrepresentation, breach of contract, invasion of privacy, unjust enrichment, and state consumer protection laws. The chapter also reviews the procedural requirements that data breach plaintiffs must satisfy to be permitted to sue on behalf of a larger class of plaintiffs. It examines whether commercial insurance coverage helps cover companies' liability in data breach lawsuits. Finally, the chapter examines how companies can reduce the likelihood that their internal cybersecurity communications and reports will be subject to discovery and used against them in litigation.

Chapter 3 examines the additional data security requirements that U.S. companies face if they handle particularly sensitive personal information. The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act requires financial institutions to adopt specific security safeguards for customers' nonpublic financial information. The Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard contractually imposes data security safeguards for companies that handle credit and debit card information. Doctors, health insurers, and other healthcare companies and their business associates face stringent data security requirements under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. Finally, the chapter examines the cybersecurity requirements for electric utilities and nuclear licensees.

Chapter 4 provides an overview of data security requirements that affect corporations. The Securities and Exchange Commission expects publicly traded companies to disclose material risks, and in recent years, it has urged companies to be transparent about their cybersecurity vulnerabilities and explain how those vulnerabilities might affect shareholders. This chapter examines the level of disclosure that the SEC expects in publicly traded companies' public filings, and provides examples of various levels of transparency and disclosure. The chapter also examines the possibility of shareholders suing executives and directors if the company experiences a costly data breach. Next, the...

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 14.2.2017
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Informatik ► Netzwerke ► Sicherheit / Firewall
• Themenwelt: Informatik ► Theorie / Studium ► Kryptologie
• Themenwelt: Mathematik / Informatik ► Mathematik
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften
• Themenwelt: Recht / Steuern ► Allgemeines / Lexika
• Themenwelt: Recht / Steuern ► EU / Internationales Recht
• Themenwelt: Recht / Steuern ► Privatrecht / Bürgerliches Recht ► IT-Recht
• Themenwelt: Recht / Steuern ► Wirtschaftsrecht ► Handelsrecht
• ISBN-10: 1-119-23202-3 / 1119232023
• ISBN-13: 978-1-119-23202-5 / 9781119232025