Mesoscopic Thermodynamics for Scientists and Engineers (eBook)

Mikhail A. Anisimov, Thomas J. Longo (Autoren)

eBook Download: EPUB

2024 | 1. Auflage
336 Seiten
Wiley (Verlag)
978-1-394-24196-5 (ISBN)

Infos

Provides comprehensive coverage of the fundamentals of mesoscopic thermodynamics

Mesoscopic Thermodynamics for Scientists and Engineers presents a unified conceptual approach to the core principles of equilibrium and nonequilibrium thermodynamics. Emphasizing the concept of universality at the mesoscale, this authoritative textbook provides the knowledge required for understanding and utilizing mesoscopic phenomena in a wide range of new and emerging technologies.

Divided into two parts, Mesoscopic Thermodynamics for Scientists and Engineers opens with a concise summary of classical thermodynamics and nonequilibrium thermodynamics, followed by a detailed description of fluctuations and local (spatially-dependent) properties. Part II presents a universal approach to specific meso-heterogeneous systems, illustrated by numerous examples from experimental and computational studies that align with contemporary research and engineering practice.

• Bridges the gap between conventional courses in thermodynamics and real-world practice
• Provides in-depth instruction on applying thermodynamics to current problems involving meso- and nano-heterogeneous systems
• Contains a wealth of examples of simple and complex fluids, polymers, liquid crystals, and supramolecular equilibrium and dissipative structures
• Includes practical exercises and references to textbooks, monographs, and journal articles in each chapter

Mesoscopic Thermodynamics for Scientists and Engineers is an excellent textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in physics, chemistry, and chemical, mechanical, and materials science engineering, as well as an invaluable reference for engineers and researchers engaged in soft-condensed matter physics and chemistry, nanoscience and nanotechnology, and mechanical, chemical, and biomolecular engineering.

Mikhail A. Anisimov is a Distinguished University Professor Emeritus and Research Professor in the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and the Institute for Physical Science and Technology at the University of Maryland, College Park. Dr. Anisimov is an internationally recognized scientist who has been investigating phase transitions and critical phenomena in soft condensed matter for more than fifty years. He is a Fellow of the American Physical Society, American Institute of Chemical Engineers, and American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Thomas J. Longo is a Research Engineer at Barron Associates, Inc., focusing on machine learning applications to science and engineering. Dr. Longo completed a PhD in Chemical Physics from the University of Maryland, College Park in 2023, where he still serves as an Adjunct Research Associate. His research interests include theoretical and computational studies of thermodynamics and dynamics of phase transitions affected by chemical reactions, liquid polyamorphism, and dissipative mesoscopic strictures.

Textauszug

Notations, Acronyms, and Units

General Notations

Symbols	Designates (units)

surface area ()

total Helmholtz energy ()

or	Helmholtz energy per mole or per molecule ()

, , , , ,

asymptotic critical amplitudes of weak susceptibility, spontaneous order parameter, strong susceptibility, ordering field, correlation length, and surface tension, respectively

and	van der Waals constants () and ()

, , , ,

coefficients of the Landau expansion in the meanfield theory of phase transitions

monomer random step (vector)

second virial coefficient ()

mobility of a Brownian particle ()

molar concentration (); also, speed of light ()

gradient‐term coefficient in the Landau‐Ginzburg functional

third virial coefficient ()

isobaric molar or molecular heat capacity ()

isochoric molar or molecular heat capacity ()

spatial correlation function

temporal correlation function

mutual diffusion coefficient in a binary solution ()

thermal diffusion coefficient ()

number of dimensions (dimensionality) of space

total energy ()

kinetic energy ()

potential energy ()

force (vector) ()

total Gibbs energy ()

or	Gibbs energy per mole or per molecule ()

free‐fall acceleration ()

total enthalpy ()

or	enthalpy per mole or per molecule

magnetic field (vector) ()

generalized field variable

reduced (by ) Planck's constant

mutual diffusion flux ()

heat flux ()

Krichevskiĭ parameter

generalized Krichevskiĭ parameter

reaction equilibrium constant

Boltzmann's constant per molecule ()

baro‐diffusion ratio

thermo‐diffusion ratio

length ()

magnetization (vector) ()

molecular weight ()

mass ()

number of moles

number of moles for species

number of molecules

Avogadro's number

( molecules per mole)

number of molecules for species

degree of polymerization

refractive index

Ginzburg number

pressure (; ; )

probability

heat

components of a tensor order parameter

wave number (vector)

gas constant

radius of gyration

hydrodynamic radius of a Brownian particle

distance

average intermolecular distance

molecular radius

total entropy

or	entropy per mole or per molecule

temperature

time

total Internal energy

or	internal energy per mole or per molecule

velocity (speed)

thermodynamic speed of sound

total volume

(or )

volume per mole or per molecule

work

probability density

mole or molecular fraction of solute

in a binary mixture

mole or molecular fraction of species

effective “activity” of species

vertical coordinate

molecular coordination number

dynamic critical exponent

Greek Notations

isobaric or volumetric expansivity

Joule–Thompson coefficient ()

sound attenuation ()

, , , , , ,

critical exponents of weak susceptibility, spontaneous order parameter, strong susceptibility, ordering field, correlation length, surface tension, and correlation function, respectively

Onsager's molar transport coefficient

Onsager's cross transport coefficient

Onsager's heat transport coefficient

activity coefficient of species

Reaction kinetic coefficient

Tolman's length

dielectric constant

energy of intermolecular interactions ()

bulk viscosity

interfacial thickness ; also, extent of reaction

dynamic shear viscosity

scattering angle

Theta (Flory) temperature

thermal conductivity ()

isothermal compressibility

osmotic compressibility

wavelength ; also, a coupling constant

sound wavelength ()

chemical potential of a pure substance , equal to the Gibbs energy per molecule in a single‐component system

chemical potential along phase coexistence

chemical potential in zero‐field ( for fluids for )

chemical potential of species

exchange chemical potential

correlation length of order‐parameter fluctuations

de Gennes correlation length of polymer‐chain fluctuations

osmotic pressure

or	molecular or molar density

partial molar density (molar concentration)

of species

density of Helmholtz energy

density of entropy

surface tension ;)

relaxation time

volume of a molecule

volume fraction of species

volume fraction of polymers in a polymer solution

order parameter; generalized density

...

spontaneous order parameter (in zero ordering field)

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 2.7.2024
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Chemie
• ISBN-10: 1-394-24196-8 / 1394241968
• ISBN-13: 978-1-394-24196-5 / 9781394241965