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Scandalous Error - C. Philipp E. Nothaft

Scandalous Error

Calendar Reform and Calendrical Astronomy in Medieval Europe
Buch | Hardcover
378 Seiten
2018
Oxford University Press (Verlag)
978-0-19-879955-9 (ISBN)
CHF 159,95 inkl. MwSt
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The first comprehensive study on the history of calendar reform and calendrical astronomy in medieval Europe, this volume draws on a range of sources over a period of more than 1600 years, from the Julian calendar of 46/45 BC to the Gregorian calendar reform of 1582, to shed new light on the place of astronomy in medieval intellectual culture.
The Gregorian calendar reform of 1582, which provided the basis for the civil and Western ecclesiastical calendars still in use today, has often been seen as a triumph of early modern scientific culture or an expression of papal ambition in the wake of the Counter-Reformation. Much less attention has been paid to reform's intellectual roots in the European Middle Ages, when the reckoning of time by means of calendrical cycles was a topic of central importance to learned culture, as impressively documented by the survival of relevant texts and tables in thousands of manuscripts copied before 1500. For centuries prior to the Gregorian reform, astronomers, mathematicians, theologians, and even Church councils had been debating the necessity of improving or emending the existing ecclesiastical calendar, which throughout the Middle Ages kept losing touch with the astronomical phenomena at an alarming pace. Scandalous Error is the first comprehensive study of the medieval literature devoted to the calendar problem and its cultural and scientific contexts. It examines how the importance of ordering liturgical time by means of a calendar that comprised both solar and lunar components posed a technical-astronomical problem to medieval society and details the often sophisticated ways in which computists and churchmen reacted to this challenge. By drawing attention to the numerous connecting paths that existed between calendars and mathematical astronomy between the Fall of Rome and the end of the fifteenth century, the volume offers substantial new insights on the place of exact science in medieval culture.

C. Philipp E. Nothaft studied modern history, ancient history, and philosophy at the University of Munich, leaving with a PhD in modern history in 2011. He has since held positions at the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, at University College London, and at the Warburg Institute (University of London). He is currently a post-doctoral research fellow at All Souls College, Oxford. His past publications include three books and about forty articles, most of them revolving around the history of calendars, chronology, and astronomy in medieval and early modern Europe.

Introduction
1: The Julian calendar and the problem of the equinoxes in the early Middle Ages
2: The ecclesiastical lunar calendar and its critics, 300-1100
3: Calendrical astronomy in the Twelfth-Century Renaissance
4: The consolidation of a calendar reform debate in the thirteenth century
5: Astronomers and the calendar, 1290-1500
6: The papal reform project of 1344/45 and its protagonists
7: Church councils and the question of Easter in the fifteenth century
8: The harvest of medieval calendar reform
References

Erscheinungsdatum
Zusatzinfo 30 black and white images
Verlagsort Oxford
Sprache englisch
Maße 163 x 241 mm
Gewicht 730 g
Themenwelt Geschichte Allgemeine Geschichte Mittelalter
Geschichte Hilfswissenschaften Chronologie
Geisteswissenschaften Geschichte Regional- / Ländergeschichte
Geschichte Teilgebiete der Geschichte Kulturgeschichte
Naturwissenschaften Physik / Astronomie Astronomie / Astrophysik
ISBN-10 0-19-879955-1 / 0198799551
ISBN-13 978-0-19-879955-9 / 9780198799559
Zustand Neuware
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