Transducer Handbook (eBook)

User's Directory of Electrical Transducers

H B Boyle (Autor)

David Page (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2013 | 1. Auflage
240 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-1-4832-9388-2 (ISBN)

Infos

When selecting or using a particular type of transducer or sensor, there are a number of factors which must be considered. The question is not only for what kind of measurement, but under what physical conditions, constraints of accuracy, and to meet which service requirements, is a transducer needed? This handbook is designed to meet the selection needs of anyone specifying or using transducers with an electrical output. Each transducer is described in an easy-to-use tabular format, giving all of the necessary data including operating principles, applications, range limits, errors, over-range protection, supply voltage requirements, sensitivities, cross sensitivities, temperature ranges and sensitivities and signal conditioning needs. The author has added notes that reflect his broad practical experience. Added to this is an extensive worldwide suppliers directory.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
Transducer Handbook: User's Directory of Electrical Transducers 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
Transducer types 8
Preface 12
Acknowledgements 14
A sensible approach to sensing 16
Making a start 16
1. Measurement Requirement 17
2. Sources of Inaccuracy 17
3. Calibration 21
4. Signal Conditioning 22
5. Data Analysis and Display 22
6. Intrinsic Safety 22
The Directory 23
An Introduction 23
The Directory Format 24
Chapter 1. Acceleration, linear 30
AC1. Bonded resistance strain gauge 31
AC2. Capacitance 32
AC3. Electrolytic 33
AC4. Inductive 34
AC5. Piezoelectric 35
AC6. Piezoresistive, bonded semiconductor strain gauge 36
AC7. Piezoresistive, integrated semiconductor 37
AC8. Servo or force balance type 38
Chapter 2. Acceleration, angular 40
AA1. Piezoresistive 41
AA2. Servo or force balance type 42
Chapter 3.Angle 46
AN1. Angular position, capacitive 47
AN2. Angular position, compass, flux-gate magnetometer 48
AN3. Angular position, gyroscopic 49
AN4. Angular position, potentiometric 50
AN5. Angular position, rotary variable differential transformer (RVDT) 51
AN6. Angular position, transformer type 52
AN7. Clinometer, capacitive 53
AN8. Clinometer, electrolytic 54
AN9. Clinometer, inductive 55
AN10. Clinometer, potentiometric 56
AN11. Clinometer, servo system 57
AN12. Clinometer, transformer 58
AN13. Tilt switch, electrolytic 59
AN14. Tilt switch, mercury 60
Chapter 4.Flow, gases 62
FG1. Pipe flow, mass flow, temperature 65
FG2. Pipe flow, variable area 66
FG3. Unrestrained flow, cup anemometer, pulsed output 67
FG4. Unrestrained flow, cup anemometer, self-generating 68
FG5. Unrestrained flow, hot wire/film anemometer 69
FG6. Unrestrained flow, rotating vane anemometer, capacitive 70
FG7. Unrestrained flow, rotating vane anemometer, inductive 71
FG8. Unrestrained flow, rotor, vertical wind speed 72
FG9. Unrestrained flow, thermal anemometer, thermistor 73
FG10. Unrestrained flow, ultrasonic anemometer 74
FG11. Unrestrained flow, wind direction, potentiometer 75
FG12. Unrestrained flow, wind direction, reed switching 76
Chapter 5.Flow, liquids 79
FL1. Pipe flow, electromagnetic 80
FL2. Pipe flow, helical screw 81
FL3. Pipe flow, rotating van (Pelton wheel type) 82
FL4. Pipe flow, ultrasonic (Doppler) 83
FL5. Pipe flow, ultrasonic (time of flight) 84
FL6. Unrestrained flow, current meter, axial rotor 85
FL7. Unrestrained flow, current meter, electromagnetic 86
FL8. Unrestrained flow, current meter, Savonius rotor 87
FL9. Unrestrained flow, ship's speed, electromagnetic 88
FL10. Unrestrained flow, ship's speed, paddle wheel 89
Chapter 6.Length 92
LE1. Acoustic, water depth (echo sounder) 93
LE2. Liquid ievel, pressure measurement, bonded resistance strain gauge 94
LE3. Liquid level, pressure measurement, tide height 95
LE4. Magnetostrictive 96
Chapter 7.Displacement, linear 99
DL1. Contacting, bonded resistance strain gauge 100
DL2. Contacting, capacitive 101
DL3. Contacting, linear strain conversion, bonded resistance strain gauge 102
DL4. Contacting, linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) 103
DL5. Contacting, linear variable differential transformer, gauging 104
DL6. Contacting, resistive 105
DL7. Noncontacting, acoustic 106
DL8. Noncontacting, capacitive 107
DL9. Noncontacting, eddy current 108
DL10. Noncontacting, inductive 109
Chapter 8.Extension 112
EX1. Bonded resistance strain gauge, type 1 113
EX2. Capacitive, type 1 114
EX3. Capacitive, type 2 115
EX4. Magnetic probe, type 2 116
EX5. Vibrating strip, type 2 117
EX6. Vibrating wire, type 2 118
Chapter 9.Position and proximity 121
P01. Liquid level, piezo-electric 122
P02. Position switch, electromechanical 123
P03. Position switch, force balance 124
PQ4. Proximity switch, capacitive 125
PQ5. Proximity switch, eddy current 126
PQ6. Proximity switch, inductive 127
P07. Proximity switch, magnetic reed 128
Chapter 10.Strain 133
ST1. Bonded metal foil resistance strain gauge 134
ST2. Bonded metal wire resistance strain gauge 135
ST3. Bonded metal wire resistance strain gauge, high temperature 136
ST4. Bonded semiconductor resistance strain gauge 137
ST5. Encapsulated metal resistance strain gauge 138
ST6. Weldable metal foil resistance strain gauge 139
ST7. Weldable metal wire resistance strain gauge 140
Chapter 11.Mass, weighing 142
WE1. Balance, electronic 143
WE2. Balance, weight comparator 144
WE3. Load cell, industrial platform weighing 145
Chapter 12.Mass, force 148
F01. Load cell, bonded resistance strain gauge (bending) 149
F02. Load cell, bonded resistance strain gauge (direct loading) 150
F03. Load cell, bonded resistance strain gauge (shear) 151
F04. Load cell, linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) 152
F05. Load cell, magnetostrictive 153
F06. Load cell, piezo-electric 154
FQ7. Load cell, piezo-resistive 155
F08. Load cell, unbonded strain gauge 156
F09. Load cell, vibrating wire 157
FO10. Load shackle, bonded resistance strain gauge 158
FQ11. Multicomponent force balance, bonded resistance strain gauge 159
F012. Multicomponent force balance, piezo-electric 160
FQ13. Wire rope tension 161
Chapter 13.Pressure, fluids 164
PR1. Bonded resistance strain gauge 165
PR2. Capacitance 166
PR3. Capacitance, barometric 167
PR4. Linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) 168
PR5. Piezo-electric 169
PR6. Piezo-resistive, semiconductor gauges 170
PR7. Piezo-resistive, silicon diaphragm 171
PR8. Quartz resonator 172
PR9. Remote capacitance transmitter 173
PR10. Resistance potentiometer 174
PR11. Thick-film resistance strain gauge 175
PR12. Vibrating wire 176
Chapter 14.Pressure, sound 180
PS1. Audio, capacitance microphone 181
PS2. Audio, dynamic microphone 182
PS3. Sound intensity, piezo-electric 183
PS4. Sound intensity, piezo-resistive 184
Chapter 15.Relative humidity 187
RH1. Capacitance, humidity meter 188
RH2. Platinum resistance, psychrometer 189
Chapter 16.Temperature and heat 191
TE1. Infrared, noncontacting 192
TE2. Resistance, bonded metal foil 193
TE3. Resistance, bonded semiconductor 194
TE4. Resistance, platinum 195
TE5. Resistance, thermistor 196
TE6. Thermocouple 197
TE7. Thermocouple, heat transfer. 198
Chapter 17.Time interval 201
TI1. Crystal clock 202
TI2. Tuning fork 203
Chapter 18.Torque 205
T01. Torque meter, bonded resistance strain gauge (rotary) 206
T02. Torque meter, bonded resistance strain gauge (stationary) 207
T03. Torque meter, piezo-electric 208
TO4. Torque meter, shipboard, bonded resistance strain gauge (rotary) 209
TO5. Torque meter, shipboard, magnetostriction (rotary) 210
Chapter 19.Velocity, angular 213
VA1. Rate gyroscope 214
VA2. Rotation, magnetic 215
VA3. Rotation, tachogenerator, ac generation 216
VA4. Rotation, tachogenerator, dc generation 217
Chapter 20.Velocity, linear 218
VL1. Inductive, free mounted 219
VL2. Inductive, spring/mass system 220
Chapter 21. In-house design 222
Guidelines for in-house design 223
Bibliography 228
Appendix: List of Suppliers 234

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 22.10.2013
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Schulbuch / Wörterbuch ► Lexikon / Chroniken
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Geografie / Kartografie
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Elektrotechnik / Energietechnik
• ISBN-10: 1-4832-9388-2 / 1483293882
• ISBN-13: 978-1-4832-9388-2 / 9781483293882