Diagnostic Procedure in Veterinary Bacteriology and Mycology (eBook)

Grace R. Carter, John R. Cole Jr. (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF | EPUB

2012 | 5. Auflage
620 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-323-13818-5 (ISBN)

Infos

This new edition of a standard reference includes classical methods and information on newer technologies, such as DNA hybridization and monoclonal antibodies.

Textauszug

1

Classification, Normal Flora, and Laboratory Safety

G.R. Carter and John R. Cole, Jr.

Publisher Summary

This chapter provides an outline of the current Bergey classification with a listing of the genera associated with animals and humans. It is important that the clinical microbiologist have some familiarity with the kinds of organisms encountered normally in and on animals. Such knowledge is necessary in the interpretation of the results of microbiologic examinations. The so-called normal flora consists of the wide variety of bacteria and fungi that live in or on normal animals without producing disease. Many potential pathogens and opportunistic organisms are included in this flora. The kinds and numbers of bacteria present vary greatly with different circumstances. The intestinal flora of the young animal differs markedly from that of the older animal. Geographic location, nutrition, and climate also influence the flora. The technical procedures employed to recover pathogenic organisms give a distorted idea of the kinds and numbers of bacteria present. The normal flora of domestic animals has not been studied in as much detail as that of human beings. The little information that is available and the firsthand experience in the diagnostic laboratory indicate a considerable similarity between the normal flora of humans and domestic animals. This chapter reviews some kinds of bacteria that are expected to occur normally in and on domestic animals. Many of the bacteria, fungi, and viruses encountered in the diagnostic veterinary microbiology laboratory have the potential for causing disease in humans. The chapter also highlights some safety recommendations for veterinary microbiology laboratories.

Classification

Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volumes 1 and 2 (1,2), provides a comprehensive listing of many established species and their characteristics. Generally speaking, the names used in the aforementioned volumes will be employed in this manual. For the most part these bacterial names are the ones listed in the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names (3) published by the American Society for Microbiology. As new information becomes available, changes in names and occasionally reclassification are recommended. The new names and reclassifications are generally accepted by the scientific community after publication or listing in the International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology.

An outline of the current Bergey classification with a listing of genera associated with animals and humans is provided below. The various bacteria are discussed in the text, usually in the same order in which they appear in the outline.

Kingdom Procaryotae1

Division 1. Gracilicutes

Section 1. Spirochetes

Order I. Spirochaetales

Family I. Spirochaetaceae (4 genera)

Genus I. Spirochaeta

Genus III. Treponema

Genus IV. Borrelia

Family II. Leptospiraceae (1 genus)

Genus I. Leptospira

Section 2. Aerobic/Microaerophilic, Motile, Helical/Vibrioid

Gram-negative Bacteria (7 genera)

Genus Spirillum

Genus Campylobacter

Section 4. Gram-Negative Aerobic Rods and Cocci

Family I. Pseudomonadaceae (4 genera)

Genus I. Pseudomonas

Family VI. Acetobacteraceae

Genus I. Acetobacter

Genus II. Gluconobacter

Family VII. Legionellaceae

Genus I. Legionella

Family VIII. Neisseriaceae

Genus I. Neisseria

Genus II. Moraxella

Genus III. Acinetobacter

Genus IV. Kingella

Other Genera (16 genera)

Genus Flavobacterium

Genus Alcaligenes

Genus Brucella

Genus Bordetella

Genus Francisella

Section 5. Facultatively Anaerobic Gram-Negative Rods

Family I. Enterobacteriaceae

Genus I. Escherichia

Genus II. Shigella

Genus III. Salmonella

Genus IV. Citrobacter

Genus V. Klebsiella

Genus VI. Enterobacter

Genus VII. Erwinia

Genus VIII. Serratia

Genus IX. Hafnia

Genus X. Edwardsiella

Genus XI. Proteus

Genus XII. Providencia

Genus XIII. Morganella

Genus XIV. Yersinia

Other Genera of the Family Enterobacteriaceae (6 genera)

Genus Obesumbacterium

Genus Xenorhabdus

Genus Kluyvera

Genus Rahnella

Genus Cedecea

Genus Tatumella

Family II. Vibrionaceae

Genus I. Vibrio

Genus II. Photobacterium

Genus III. Aeromonas

Genus IV. Plesiomonas

Family III. Pasteurellaceae

Genus I. Pasteurella

Genus II. Haemophilus

Genus III. Actinobacillus

Other Genera (7 genera)

Genus Chromobacterium

Genus Gardnerella

Genus Eikenella

Genus Streptobacillus

Section 6. Anaerobic Gram-Negative Straight, Curved, and Helical Rods

Family I. Bacteroidaceae (13 genera)

Genus I. Bacteroides

Genus II. Fusobacterium

Genus III. Leptotrichia

Genus IV. Butyrivibrio

Genus V. Succinimonas

Genus VI. Succinivibrio

Genus VII. Anaerobiospirillum

Genus VIII. Wolinella

Genus IX. Selenomonas

Genus X. Anaerovibrio

Genus XII. Acetivibrio

Genus XIII. Lachnospira

Section 7. Dissimilatory Sulfate- or Sulfur-Reducing Bacteria (7 genera)

Section 8. Anaerobic Gram-Negative Cocci

Family I. Veillonellaceae

Genus I. Veillonella

Genus II. Acidaminococcus

Genus III. Megasphaera

Section 9. Rickettsias and Chlamydias

Order I. Rickettsiales

Family I. Rickettsiaceae

Tribe I. Rickettsieae

Genus I. Rickettsia

Genus II. Rochalimaea

Genus III. Coxiella

Tribe II. Ehrlichieae

Genus IV. Ehrlichia

Genus V. Cowdria

Genus VI. Neorickettsia

Tribe III. Wolbachieae

Genus VII. Wolbachia

Genus VIII. Rickettsiella

Family II. Bartonellaceae

Genus I. Bartonella

Genus II. Grahamella

Family III. Anaplasmataceae

Genus I. Anaplasma

Genus II. Aegyptianella

Genus III. Haemobartonella

Genus IV. Eperythrozoon

Order II. Chlamydiales

Family I. Chlamydiaceae

Genus I. Chlamydia

Section 10. Mycoplasmas

Division Tenericutes

Class I. Mollicutes

Order I. Mycoplasmatales

Family I. Mycoplasmataceae

Genus I. Mycoplasma

Genus II. Ureaplasma

Family II....

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 2.12.2012
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Gesundheitsfachberufe
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Mikrobiologie / Infektologie / Reisemedizin
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Mikrobiologie / Immunologie
• Themenwelt: Veterinärmedizin
• Themenwelt: Weitere Fachgebiete ► Land- / Forstwirtschaft / Fischerei
• ISBN-10: 0-323-13818-7 / 0323138187
• ISBN-13: 978-0-323-13818-5 / 9780323138185