Thermodynamics of Systems Containing Flexible-Chain Polymers (eBook)
826 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-054283-6 (ISBN)
All topics are considered in a common clue, using the principle of universality. The stability conditions for the one-phase state of multi-component systems are given. Phase separation is regarded as a result of loss in stability. The critical state of a system, with the one-phase state being close to the boundary of stability conditions breaking, is discussed in detail. The effects of both light scattering (elastic and dynamic) and diffusion, as directly depending on the thermodynamic parameters characterizing the one-phase state stability, are considered in detail. One of the versions of colloid scattering, namely, the turbidity spectrum method, is described as useful for the characterization of various heterogeneous structures and for the phase analysis of polymer systems. In the approximation of mean field theories and advanced field theory, formalisms expound the following divisions of the thermodynamics of binary and polynary systems with flexible-chain polymers: conformation of the polymer coil, composition fluctuations, elastic and dynamic light scattering, diffusion in the one-phase state (including the critical range), phase separation, polymer fractionation, the coil-globule transition, phase equilibrium and separation in the system network polymer + low-molecular-weight liquid, polymer blends and multiphase separation.
This book deals with the problems of the thermodynamics of systems containing flexible-chain polymers as the basis of polymer material science. The main thermodynamic quantities and concepts are introduced and discussed in the order of the objects getting more and more complicated: gases, magnets, low-molecular-weight substances and mixtures, and finally, polymers and polymer blends.All topics are considered in a common clue, using the principle of universality. The stability conditions for the one-phase state of multi-component systems are given. Phase separation is regarded as a result of loss in stability. The critical state of a system, with the one-phase state being close to the boundary of stability conditions breaking, is discussed in detail. The effects of both light scattering (elastic and dynamic) and diffusion, as directly depending on the thermodynamic parameters characterizing the one-phase state stability, are considered in detail. One of the versions of colloid scattering, namely, the turbidity spectrum method, is described as useful for the characterization of various heterogeneous structures and for the phase analysis of polymer systems. In the approximation of mean field theories and advanced field theory, formalisms expound the following divisions of the thermodynamics of binary and polynary systems with flexible-chain polymers: conformation of the polymer coil, composition fluctuations, elastic and dynamic light scattering, diffusion in the one-phase state (including the critical range), phase separation, polymer fractionation, the coil-globule transition, phase equilibrium and separation in the system network polymer + low-molecular-weight liquid, polymer blends and multiphase separation.
Front Cover 1
Thermodynamics of Systems Containing Flexible-Chain Polymers 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 22
Chapter 1. Stability and Phase Separation 26
1.1 Stability conditions of the one-phase multicomponent system 26
1.2 Conditions for equilibrium and stability of the multiphase multicomponent system 45
1.3 Phase separation of regular mixtures 57
1.4 Stability and fluctuations 70
1.5 Loss of stability and phase transitions (phase separation) 75
1.6 Landau's phenomenological theory 99
1.7 Elements of statistical physics and phase transitions 117
1.8 State equation of real gas 124
Chapter summary 128
Chapter 2. Fluctuations, Light Scattering and Diffusion 132
2.1 Light scattering in matter. Main concepts and definitions 132
2.2 Light scattering in gases and vapours 172
2.3 Light scattering in one-component liquids 175
2.4 Concentration fluctuations, light scattering and diffusion in solutions 206
2.5 Correlation of the order parameter fluctuations in the critical region. Hypothesis of similarity. Hypothesis of universality 225
2.6 Lagrangian formalism of the field theory 236
Chapter summary 273
Chapter 3. Polymer+low-molecular-liquid system. Mean field approaches. Liquid-liquid phase separation 278
3.1 Binary systems 278
3.2 Polynary systems 328
3.3 Composition fluctuations, light scattering and diffusion 363
3.4 Random coil—globule transition 393
3.5 Phase equilibrium in the crosslinked polymer + low-molecular-weight liquid system 410
3.6 Improvement of Flory-Huggins' lattice theory 445
3.7 Polymer mixtures 476
3.8 Theory of corresponding states 494
3.9 Relaxational thermodynamics 504
3.10 Multiphase separation 506
Chapter summary 526
Chapter 4. Universality Principle. Scaling Ideas. Dynamics of Macromolecules 534
4.1 Conformational problem of a molecular chain 534
4.2 Lagrangian formalism of polymer theory 540
4.3 State diagram: polymer+low molecular weight liquid 548
4.4 Critical opalescence 577
4.5 Dynamic scaling 579
Chapter summary 597
Chapter 5. Methods for Renormalization Group Transformations 600
5.1 Renormalization of the conformational space of polymer chains 601
5.2 Renormalization of polymer chain conformations in momentum space 654
5.3 Hydrodynamic properties of macromolecules 670
5.4 Direct renormalization method 681
5.5 Tricritical state. Phase separation region 709
5.6 Direct evaluation of the order parameter fluctuations 755
Chapter summary 767
Chapter 6. Liquid(Solution)-Crystal Phase Separation 778
6.1 Conditions of phase equilibrium 778
6.2 Phase analysis of the system poly(vinyl alcohol) + water 783
6.3 Mixed types of phase separation 793
6.4 Phase analysis of the system poly(ethylene oxide) + water 795
Chapter summary 799
Bibliography 802
Subject index 842
Erscheint lt. Verlag | 3.6.1999 |
---|---|
Sprache | englisch |
Themenwelt | Naturwissenschaften ► Chemie ► Organische Chemie |
Naturwissenschaften ► Chemie ► Technische Chemie | |
Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie ► Thermodynamik | |
Technik ► Bauwesen | |
Technik ► Maschinenbau | |
Technik ► Umwelttechnik / Biotechnologie | |
ISBN-10 | 0-08-054283-2 / 0080542832 |
ISBN-13 | 978-0-08-054283-6 / 9780080542836 |
Haben Sie eine Frage zum Produkt? |
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