Separation of Isotopes of Biogenic Elements in Two-phase Systems (eBook)

Boris Mikhailovich Andreev (Autor)

eBook Download: EPUB

2006 | 1. Auflage
316 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-046809-9 (ISBN)

Infos

Separation of Isotopes of Biogenic Elements provides a detailed overview of this area of research covering all aspects from the value of isotope effects to their practical use (equilibrium single-stage isotope effect - kinetics and mass transfer - multiplication of the single-stage isotope separation factor - technological peculiarity of processes) with the purpose of extraction from the natural mixture of the enriched and highly concentrated isotopes. In contrast to traditional books on the theory of isotope separation, the theoretical part of the book describes separation in two-phase processes in counter-flow columns. The experimental part of the book presents systematic analysis of specialists in the field of isotope separation in counter-flow columns. This book will be of interest to scientists, engineers and technical workers engaged in isotope separation processes and isotope application in nuclear physics, medicine, agro-chemistry, biology and other areas. This book may also be used in teaching theory and practical aspects in courses on physical chemistry and Isotope separation of light elements by physicochemical methods.
* summarises current state of isotope research, especially biogenic elements
* covering all aspects from the value of isotope effects to their practical use
* of interest to scientists, engineers and technical workers engaged in isotope separation processes and isotope application

Inhalt

Cover 1
Copyright page 5
Contents 6
Preface 10
Introduction 12
Chapter 1. Theory of Isotope Separation in Counter-Current Columns: General Review 14
1.1 Separation Factor 14
1.2 Kinetics of CHEX Reactions and Mass Exchange in Counter-Current Phase Movement 19
1.3 Stationary State of the Column with Flow Reflux. 25
1.4 Unsteady State of the Column and Cascades of Columns 36
1.5 Separation Column Contactors 42
References 52
Chapter 2. Hydrogen Isotope Separation by Rectification 54
2.1 D2O Production by Water Rectification. 54
2.2 Heavy Water Production by Ammonia Rectification 58
2.3 Heavy Water Production by Cryogenic Rectification of Hydrogen 63
2.4 Isotope Extraction and Concentration of Tritium 68
References 83
Chapter 3. Hydrogen Isotope Separation by Chemical Isotope Exchange Method in Gas–Liquid Systems 86
3.1 Two-Temperature Method and its Main Features 86
3.2 Two-Temperature Hydrogen Sulphide Method 106
3.3 Hydrogen–Ammonia and Hydrogen–Amine Systems 147
3.4 Water–Hydrogen System 159
References 181
Chapter 4. Isotope Separation in Systems with Gas and Solid Phases 188
4.1 Isotope Equilibrium 188
4.2 Kinetics of Isotope Exchange and Mass Transfer in Separation Columns 199
4.3 Counter-Current Isotope Separation Processes 209
4.4 Application of the Solid-Phase Systems for the Separation of Tritium-Containing Hydrogen Isotope Systems 219
References 225
Chapter 5. Carbon Isotope Separation 230
5.1 Carbon Isotope Separation by Rectification 230
5.2 Cabon Isotope Separation by Chemical Exchange Method 249
References 257
Chapter 6. Nitrogen Isotope Separation 260
6.1 Nitrogen Isotope Separation by Rectification 260
6.2 Nitrogen Isotope Separation by Chemical Isotope Exchange 264
6.3 Comparison of Nitrogen Isotope Separation Techniques 281
6.4 Large-Scale Production Characteristics. 283
References 286
Chapter 7. Oxygen Isotope Separation 288
7.1 Oxygen Isotope Separation by Rectification 288
7.2 Oxygen Isotope Separation by Chemical Exchange Method 304
References 309
Subject Index 312

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 1.12.2006
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Chemie ► Analytische Chemie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Chemie ► Physikalische Chemie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie ► Angewandte Physik
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie ► Atom- / Kern- / Molekularphysik
• Themenwelt: Technik
• ISBN-10: 0-08-046809-8 / 0080468098
• ISBN-13: 978-0-08-046809-9 / 9780080468099