Fundamentals of Radiation Chemistry (eBook)

A. Mozumder (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF

1999 | 1. Auflage
392 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-053217-2 (ISBN)

Infos

This book describes the physical and chemical effects of radiation interaction with matter. Beginning with the physical basis for the absorption of charged particle radiations, Fundamentals of Radiation Chemistry provides a systematic account of the formation of products, including the nature and properties of intermediate species. Developed from first principles, the coverage of fundamentals and applications will appeal to an interdisciplinary audience of radiation physicists and radiation biologists. Only an undergraduate background in chemistry and physics is assumed as a prerequisite for the understanding of applications in research and industry.

Key Features
* Provides a working knowledge of radiation effects for students and non-experts
* Stresses the role of the electron both as a radiation and as a reactant species
* Contains clear diagrams of track models
* Includes a chapter on applications
* Written by an expert with more than thirty years of experience in a premiere research laboratory
* Culled from the author's painstaking research of journals and other publications over several decades

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This book describes the physical and chemical effects of radiation interaction with matter. Beginning with the physical basis for the absorption of charged particle radiations, Fundamentals of Radiation Chemistry provides a systematic account of the formation of products, including the nature and properties of intermediate species. Developed from first principles, the coverage of fundamentals and applications will appeal to an interdisciplinary audience of radiation physicists and radiation biologists. Only an undergraduate background in chemistry and physics is assumed as a prerequisite for the understanding of applications in research and industry. - Provides a working knowledge of radiation effects for students and non-experts- Stresses the role of the electron both as a radiation and as a reactant species- Contains clear diagrams of track models- Includes a chapter on applications- Written by an expert with more than thirty years of experience in a premiere research laboratory- Culled from the author's painstaking research of journals and other publications over several decades

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
Fundamentals of Radiation Chemistry 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 8
Preface 16
Chapter 1. Introduction 18
1.1 Historical and Classical Radiation Studies 18
1.2 Relevance of Radiation Chemistry to Basic and Applied Sciences 20
1.3 Scope and Limitation 21
References 21
Chapter 2. Interaction of Radiation with Matter: Energy Transfer from Fast Charged Particles 22
2.1 Particles and Radiations: Light and Heavy Particles 22
2.2 Principal Considerations Related to Energy Transfer from Charged Particles 23
2.3 Theory of Stopping Power of Fast Charged Particles 28
2.4 Discussion of Stopping Power Theories 36
2.5 Phenomena at Low Velocities 42
2.6 Miscellaneous Considerations 51
References 54
Chapter 3. Structure of Charged Particle Tracks in Condensed Media 58
3.1 Stopping Power in Water for Various Charged Particles 58
3.2 Fate of Deposited Energy: Ionization, Dissociation, Transfer, and Luminescence 64
3.3 Distribution of Energy on a Molecular Time Scale 67
3.4 Charged Particle Tracks in Liquids 67
References 84
Chapter 4. Ionization and Excitation Phenomena 88
4.1 General Features 88
4.2 Ionization Efficiency: Superexcited States 94
4.3 Mechanisms of Excited State Formation 95
4.4 Decay of Excited States 104
4.5 Impact Ionization and Photoionization 110
4.6 Photoionization and Photodetachment 116
4.7 Oscillator Strength and Sum Rules 118
4.8 The W Value 121
4.9 Some Special Considerations 126
References 133
Chapter 5. Radiation Chemistry of Gases 138
5.1 Mechanisms of Reactions in the Gas Phase 139
5.2 Radiolysis of Some Common Gases and Mixtures 146
5.3 Some Theoretical Considerations 153
References 159
Chapter 6. The Solvated Electron 162
6.1 Background 162
6.2 The Hydrated Electron 164
6.3 The Solvated Electron in Alcohols and Other Polar Liquids 176
6.4 Trapped and Solvated Electrons at Low Temperatures 180
6.5 Theoretical Models of the Solvated Electron 183
6.6 Reactions of the Solvated Electron 195
References 209
Chapter 7. Spur Theory of Radiation Chemical Yields: Diffusion and Stochastic Models 216
7.1 Early Studies 216
7.2 Multiradical Diffusion Models 226
7.3 Stochastic Kinetics 236
7.4 Comparison with Experiment: The Case of Water Radiolysis 243
7.5 Kinetics of Electron-Ion Recombination in Irradiated Dielectric Liquids 246
References 260
Chapter 8. Electron Thermalization and Related Phenomena 264
8.1 Degradation Mechanisms of Subexcitation and Subvibrational Electrons 265
8.2 Electron Thermalization in the Gas Phase 267
8.3 Electron Thermalization in the Condensed Phase 280
8.4 Electron Thermalization in High-Mobility Liquids 291
References 299
Chapter 9. Electron Escape: The Free-Ion Yield 302
9.1 Summary of Experimental Results at Low LET 303
9.2. Onsager's Theory of Geminate-Ion Recombination 308
9.3 Case of Multiple Ion-Pairs 314
9.4 Dependence of Free-Ion Yield on Molecular Structure and Mobility 320
9.5. Dependence of Free-Ion Yield on External Field 322
9.6 Free-Ion Yield in Liquefied Rare Gases 326
9.7 Polar Media 329
References 331
Chapter 10. Electron Mobility in Liquid Hydrocarbons 334
10.1 Summary of Experiments on Electron Mobility 335
10.2 Theoretical Models of Electron Transport 348
10.3 Thermodynamics of Electron Trapping and Electron Solvation in Liquid Hydrocarbons 364
References 374
Chapter 11. Radiation Chemical Applications in Science and Industry 378
11.1 Dosimetry 380
11.2 Industrial Synthesis and Processing 383
11.3 Sterilization of Medical Equipment and Disposables 390
11.4 Waste Treatment by Irradiation 391
11.5 Food Irradiation 395
11.6 Other Use of Low-LET Radiation 400
11.7 Low Energy Ion Implantation 401
References 404
Index 406

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 16.8.1999
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Chemie ► Physikalische Chemie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie ► Angewandte Physik
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie ► Atom- / Kern- / Molekularphysik
• ISBN-10: 0-08-053217-9 / 0080532179
• ISBN-13: 978-0-08-053217-2 / 9780080532172