High Pressure Process Technology: Fundamentals and Applications (eBook)

A. Bertucco, G. Vetter (Autoren)

eBook Download: PDF

2001 | 1. Auflage
684 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-053394-0 (ISBN)

Infos

Clear evidence of increasing demands in the processing industry prompted the editors and authors to publish a new book about High Pressure Process Technology: Fundamentals and Applications.

This book presents the latest knowledge regarding the high pressure processing aspects combined with that about the modeling, the design and the operation of safe and reliable high pressure plants and equipment. This treatment and selection of the subjects is stimulating and unique. Consisting of nine chapters, each subdivided into several sections, the book addresses the high pressure aspects, providing well selected correlated information connected with a comprehensive overview together with a large number of references.

The main body of the first eight chapters refers to subjects like high pressure in general, the thermodynamics and kinetics of the fluids involved, the design of high pressure equipment, the modeling and design of reactors, separation and fractionation units, the safety aspects, the control and economics.

In the extended last chapter, examples of promising high pressure applications are explained, such as chemical and enzymatic reactions in supercritical solvents, hydrogenation under supercritical conditions, supercritical water oxidation, polymerization with metallocene catalysts, supercritical extraction, fractionation and precipitation, supercritical pharma processing, ultra-high pressure sterilization and supercritical dry-cleaning.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
High Pressure Process Technology: Fundamentals and Applications 4
Copyright Page 5
Preface 6
Contents 10
List of Contributors 22
Chapter 1. Introduction 26
1.1 High pressure definitions and examples in nature 27
1.2 Early historical roots of high pressure technology 27
1.3 High pressure technology today – motivations for using high pressure 28
1.4 High pressure technology today – application survey and examples 29
References 40
Chapter 2. Thermodynamic properties at high pressure 42
2.1 Introduction 43
2.2 Phase equilibria 43
2.3 Calculation of high-pressure phase equilibria 59
2.4 Chemical reaction equilibria 78
2.5 Experimental methods 82
References 85
Chapter 3. Kinetic properties at high pressure 90
3.1 Interesting features at high pressure 91
3.2 Kinetics of high-pressure reactions 92
3.3 Measurement of chemical kinetic data at high pressure 107
References of sections 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 116
3.4 Transport properties 117
References of section 3.4 164
Chapter 4. Design and construction of high pressure equipment for research and production 166
4.1 High pressure machinery 167
4.2 High-pressure piping equipment 215
References of sections 4.1 and 4.2 224
4.3 High-pressure vessels and other components 226
4.4 Instrumentation of high pressure facilities 260
References of sections 4.3 and 4.4 266
Chapter 5. Industrial reaction units 268
5.1 Reactors for homogeneous reactions 269
References 278
5.2 Hydrodynamics and mass transfer in fixed-bed gas-liquid-solid reactors operating at high pressure 280
References 324
5.3 Slurry catalytic reactors 328
References 360
5.4 Catalytic reactors for olefin polymerizations 362
References 375
Chapter 6. Separation operations and equipment 376
6.1 Pressure distillation 377
6.2 Packed towers: random and structured packings 393
6.3 Tray columns 396
6.4 Trays or packings? 399
6.5 Conclusions for pressure distillation 400
References of sections 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5 401
6.6 Extraction from solids 403
References of section 6.6 419
6.7 Extraction from liquid mixtures 421
References of section 6.7 427
Chapter 7. Safety and control in high pressure plant design and operation 430
7.1 General safety aspects in high-pressure facilities 431
References 445
7.2 Runaway of polyethylene reactors 446
References 454
7.3 Safety in high-pressure extraction plants 455
References 460
Chapter 8. Economics of high pressure processes 462
8.1 High-pressure extraction plants 463
References 477
8.2 High-pressure polymerization of ethylene 478
References 484
8.3 Precipitation by Supercritical Anti-solvent 485
References 496
Chapter 9. Applications 498
9.1 Chemical reactions in Supercritical Solvents (SCFs) 499
References 508
9.2 Enzymatic reactions 511
References 519
9.3 Hydrogenation under supercritical single-phase conditions 521
References 531
9.4 Supercritical Water Oxidation (SCWO). Application to industrial wastewater treatment 534
References 549
9.5 High pressure polymerisation with metallocene catalysts 552
References 561
9.6 Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Fractionation from Solid Materials 562
References 596
9.7 High pressure polymer processing 601
References 609
9.8 Precipitation of solids with dense gases 612
References 634
9.9 Pharmaceutical processing with supercritical fluids 637
References 648
9.10 Treating microorganisms with high pressure 651
References 663
9.11 Dry cleaning with liquid carbon dioxide 666
References 673
Subject Index 676

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 15.10.2001
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Chemie ► Technische Chemie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie ► Thermodynamik
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Bauwesen
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Maschinenbau
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Umwelttechnik / Biotechnologie
• ISBN-10: 0-08-053394-9 / 0080533949
• ISBN-13: 978-0-08-053394-0 / 9780080533940