Multiphase Flow Metering (eBook)

Principles and Applications

C. Alimonti, Gioia Falcone, Geoffrey Hewitt (Autoren)

eBook Download: EPUB

2009 | 1. Auflage
328 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-055884-4 (ISBN)

Infos

Over the last two decades the development, evaluation and use of MFM systems has been a major focus for the Oil & Gas industry worldwide. Since the early 1990's, when the first commercial meters started to appear, there have been around 2,000 field applications of MFM for field allocation, production optimisation and well testing. So far, many alternative metering systems have been developed, but none of them can be referred to as generally applicable or universally accurate. Both established and novel technologies suitable to measure the flow rates of gas, oil and water in a three-phase flow are reviewed and assessed within this book. Those technologies already implemented in the various commercial meters are evaluated in terms of operational and economical advantages or shortcomings from an operator point of view. The lessons learned about the practical reliability, accuracy and use of the available technology is discussed. The book suggests where the research to develop the next generation of MFM devices will be focused in order to meet the as yet unsolved problems.
The book provides a critical and independent review of the current status and future trends of MFM, supported by the authors' strong background on multiphase flow and by practical examples. These are based on the authors' direct experience on MFM, gained over many years of research in connection with both operators and service companies.
As there are currently no books on the subject of Multiphase Flow Metering for the Oil & Gas industry, this book will fill in the gap and provide a theoretical and practical reference for professionals, academics, and students.
* Written by leading scholars and industry experts of international standing
* Includes strong coverage of the theoretical background, yet also provides practical examples and current developments
* Provides practical reference for professionals, students and academics

Professor Hewitt is an Emeritus Professor of Chemical Engineering at Imperial College London. Professor Hewitt has worked on a variety of subjects in the general field of chemical engineering but his speciality for several decades now has been in mutliphase flow systems, with particular reference to channel flow and heat transfer. He has published many papers and books in this industrially important area and has lectured on the subject widely throughout the world. He has had a wide experience of industrial application through extensive consultancy and contract work and through his founding of the Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Service (HTFS) at Harwell and Hexxcell Ltd., a spin-out of Imperial College London operating in the area of heat transfer and energy efficiency. Professor Hewitt's contributions to the field have been recognised by his election to the Royal Academy of Engineering (1985), the Royal Society (1990), and the US National Academy of Engineering (1998) in addition to several international awards including Donald Q. Kern Award by AIChE (1981), Max Jakob Award by ASME (1995), and the Luikov Medal by ICHMT (1997). In 2007, he was presented the Global Energy Prize by Vladimir Putin at the World Economic Forum.

Inhalt

Front cover 4
Multiphase Flow Metering 4
Copyright page 5
Contents 6
Chapter 1. Multiphase Flow Fundamentals 12
1.1. Introduction to Multiphase Flow 12
1.2. Brief History of Multiphase Flow 14
1.3. Types of Multiphase Flows, Flow Patterns and Flow-Pattern Maps 16
1.4. Significance of Flow Structure and Development in MFM 24
1.5. Modelling of Multiphase Flow 25
1.6. Steady-State, Pseudo Steady-State and Transient Multiphase Flows 26
References 27
Chapter 2. Introduction to Multiphase Flow Metering 30
2.1. What is MFMquest 30
2.2. Brief History of MFM 30
2.3. Applications of MFM to the Oil and Gas Industry 31
2.4. MFM Trends 38
2.5. What Do We Expect From MFMquest 39
2.6. Key Factors for the Selection of MFM Solutions 39
References 42
Chapter 3. Multiphase Flow Metering Principles 44
3.1. MFM Fundamentals 44
3.2. Categories of Instruments 46
3.3. The Four Possible Routes to MFM 48
3.4. Options for Measurement 51
3.5. Possible Device Combinations 52
Chapter 4. Key Multiphase Flow Metering Techniques 58
4.1. Density Measurement 58
4.2. Velocity Measurement 118
4.3. Momentum Flux Measurement 150
4.4. Momentum Flux Measurement 174
4.5. Elemental Analysis 181
References 188
Chapter 5. Current Status and Limitations of Multiphase Flow Metering 202
5.1. Fundamentals of Error Theory 202
5.2. What Can MFM Really Doquest 212
5.3. Required Accuracy and Regulations 235
References 238
Chapter 6. Wet Gas Metering Applications 240
6.1. Critical Review of Wet Gas Definitions 240
6.2. Issues Related to Defining and Metering Wet Gas 248
6.3. An Example of Wet Gas Meter: The ANUMET System 249
References 259
Chapter 7. Heavy Oil Metering Applications 262
7.1. Introduction to Heavy Oils 262
7.2. Heavy Oil Recovery Methods 263
7.3. Heavy Oil Metering Challenges 266
References 275
Chapter 8. Non-Conventional MFM Solutions 278
8.1. Using Choke Valves as MFM’s 278
8.2. Integration of Conventional Hardware, Fluid Dynamic Models and Artificial Intelligence Algorithms 285
References 303
Chapter 9. Flow Loops for Validating and Testing Multiphase Flow Meters 306
9.1. Using Flow Loops to Verify the Performance of MFMs 306
9.2. Main Criteria for the Classification of Flow Loops 308
9.3. Instrumentation 312
9.4. Future Needs 312
References 312
Chapter 10. Reserves Estimation and Production Allocation with MFM 314
10.1. Reserves Estimation and Metering Uncertainty 314
10.2. Production Allocation and Metering Uncertainty 320
References 324
Subject Index 326

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 16.11.2009
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie ► Strömungsmechanik
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Elektrotechnik / Energietechnik
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Umwelttechnik / Biotechnologie
• ISBN-10: 0-08-055884-4 / 0080558844
• ISBN-13: 978-0-08-055884-4 / 9780080558844