Satellite Altimetry and Earth Sciences (eBook)

A Handbook of Techniques and Applications

Anny Cazenave, Lee-Lueng Fu (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2000 | 1. Auflage
463 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-051658-5 (ISBN)

Infos

The new level of precision and global coverage provided by satellite altimetry is rapidly advancing studies of ocean circulation. It allows for new insights into marine geodesy, ice sheet movements, plate tectonics, and for the first time provides high-resolution bathymetry for previously unmapped regions of our watery planet and crucial information on the large-scale ocean features on intra-season to interannual time scales. Satellite Altimetry and Earth Sciences has integrated the expertise of the leading international researchers to demonstrate the techniques, missions, and accuracy of satellite altimetry, including altimeter measurements, orbit determination, and ocean circulation models.

Satellite altimetry is helping to advance studies of ocean circulation, tides, sea level, surface waves and allowing new insights into marine geodesy.

Satellite Altimetry and Earth Sciences provides high resolution bathymetry for previously unmapped regions of our watery planet.

Satellite Altimetry and Earth Sciences is for a very broad spectrum of academics, graduate students, and researchers in geophysics, oceanography, and the space and earth sciences. International agencies that fund satellite-based research will also appreciate the handy reference on the applications of satellite altimetry.

Inhalt

Cover 1
Contents 6
Contributors 10
Preface 12
Chapter 1. Satellite Altimetry 14
1. Introduction 14
2. Radar Measurement Principles 17
3. Range Estimation 50
4. Precision Orbit Determination 77
5. Geophysical Effects on the Sea Surface Topography 99
6. Significant Wave Height Estimation 105
7. Wind-Speed Estimation 108
8. TOPEX/POSEIDON Mission Design and Performance 112
9. Outlook for Future Altimeter Missions 132
Acknowledgments 134
References 135
Chapter 2. Large-Scale Ocean Circulation 146
1. Introduction 146
2. The Ocean General Circulation 147
3. The Temporal Variability 151
4. Conclusions 176
Acknowledgments 178
References 178
Chapter 3. Ocean Currents and Eddies 184
1. Introduction 184
2. Altimeter Data Processing for Mesoscale Studies 186
3. Ocean Currents 190
4. Mesoscale Eddies 211
5. Conclusions 222
Acknowledgments 223
References 223
Chapter 4. Tropical Ocean Variability 230
1. Introduction 230
2. Tropical Pacific 231
3. Indian Ocean 240
4. Tropical Atlantic 242
5. Conclusion 245
Acknowledgments 246
References 246
Chapter 5. Data Assimilation by Models 250
1. Introduction 250
2. Examples and Merits of Data Assimilation 251
3. Data Assimilation as an Inverse Problem 256
4. Assimilation Methodologies 258
5. Practical Issues of Assimilation 265
6. Summary and Outlook 274
Acknowledgments 275
References 275
Chapter 6. Ocean Tides 280
1. Introduction 280
2. Mathematical Representation of Ocean Tides 281
3. Status Before High-Precision Satellite Altimetry 283
4. Methodologies for Extracting Ocean Tides from Altimetry 285
5. The Semi-Diurnal and Diurnal Tides over the Deep Ocean 290
6. The Long Period Ocean Tides 300
7. Internal Tides 304
8. The Tides over Shallow Waters 306
9. Tidal Energetics and Satellite Altimetry 307
10. Applications 310
11. Conclusions 313
Acknowledgments 314
References 314
Chapter 7. Ocean Surface Waves 318
1. Introduction 318
2. Wave Modeling and Altimetry 319
3. Wave Climate Studies with Altimeter Data 329
4. Conclusions 339
5. Glossary 340
Acknowledgments 340
References 340
Chapter 8. Sea Level Change 342
1. Introduction 342
2. The Tide Gauge Record and its Limitations 343
3. Satellite Altimeter Measurements of Sea-Level Change 345
4. Calibration of Satellite Altimeter Measurements Using Tide Gauge Data 347
5. Detecting Changes in the Rate of Sea-Level Rise 351
6. Global Mean Changes in Sea Level, Sea-Surface Temperature, and Precipitable Water 355
7. Spatial Variations of Sea-Level Change and Sea-Surface Temperature 357
8. Linking Together Different Satellite Altimeter Missions 359
9. Conclusions 360
Acknowledgments 360
References 360
Chapter 9. Ice Sheet Dynamics and Mass Balance 364
1. Introduction 364
2. Radar Altimeter Measurement of Ice Sheet Surface Elevations 367
3. Greenland and Antarctica Ice Sheet Topography 373
4. Ice Surface Slopes and Driving Stresses 375
5. Measurement of Ice Margins 376
6. Surface Elevation Changes and Mass Balance 376
Acknowledgments 380
References 380
Chapter 10. Applications to Geodesy 384
1. Introduction 384
2. Mean Sea Surface Mapping 386
3. Gravity Recovery 399
4. New Frontiers 408
5. Concluding Remarks 416
Acknowledgments 416
References 416
Chapter 11. Applications to Marine Geophysics 420
1. Introduction 420
2. Filtering the Long-Wavelength Geoid Signal 421
3. Geoid Anomalies and Isostatic Compensation 421
4. Mechanical Behavior of Oceanic Plates: Flexure under Seamount Loading 424
5. Thermal Evolution of the Oceanic Lithosphere 426
6. Oceanic Hotspot Swells 429
7. Short and Medium Wavelength Lineations in the Marine Geoid 431
8. Mapping the Seafloor Tectonic Fabric 433
9. Conclusions 447
Acknowledgments 448
References 448
Chapter 12. Bathymetric Estimation 454
1. Introduction 454
2. Gravity Anomaly and Sea Surface Slopes 455
3. Limitations of Radar Alitmetry for Gravity Field Recovery 456
4. Forward Models 457
5. Inverse Approaches 458
6. Data Availability and Case Study: Bathymetric Estimation 460
7. Prospects for the Future 465
8. Appendix: Interaction of the Radar Pulse with the Rough Ocean Surface 466
References 469
Index 472
Color Plate Section 478

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 9.11.2000
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Hydrologie / Ozeanografie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie ► Strömungsmechanik
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Maschinenbau
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Nachrichtentechnik
• ISBN-10: 0-08-051658-0 / 0080516580
• ISBN-13: 978-0-08-051658-5 / 9780080516585