The Chick Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane in the Study of Angiogenesis and Metastasis (eBook)

The CAM assay in the study of angiogenesis and metastasis

Domenico Ribatti (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF

2010 | 2010
X, 124 Seiten
Springer Netherland (Verlag)
978-90-481-3845-6 (ISBN)

Infos

The chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) is an extraembryonic membrane which serves as a gas exchange surface and its function is supported by a dense capillary network. Because of its extensive vascularization and easy accessibility, the CAM has been broadly used to study the morpho-functional aspects of the angiogenesis process in vivo and to investigate the efficacy and mechanisms of action of pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic natural and synthetic molecules. The CAM is a suitable site for transplanting tissues, which can survive and develop in the CAM by peripheral anastomoses between graft and original CAM vasculature or by new angiogenic vessels grown from the CAM that invade the graft. While the formation of peripheral anastomoses between host and pre-existing donor vessels is the main, and the most common, mechanism involved in the revascularization of embryonic grafts, the growth of CAM-derived vessels into the graft is only stimulated in tumor grafts. The CAM has long been a favored system for the study of tumor angiogenesis and metastasis, because at this stage the chick immunocompetence system is not fully developed and the conditions for rejection have not been established. Tumors remain avascular for 72 h, after which they are penetrated by new blood vessels and begin a phase of rapid growth. Also, delivery of tumor cells onto the CAM allows the fine study of the effects of tumor derived angiogenic growth factors on blood vessel structure and functionality. The CAM may also used to verify the ability to inhibit the growth of capillaries by implanting tumors onto the CAM and by comparing tumor growth and vascularization with or without the administration of an anti-angiogenic molecule. Other studies using the tumor cells/CAM model have focused on the invasion of the chorionic epithelium and the blood vessels by tumor cells. The cells invade the epithelium and the mesenchymal connective tissue below, where they are found in the form of a dense bed of blood vessels, which is a target for intravasation.

Inhalt

Acknowledgments 6
Contents 8
Introduction 10
1 Chorioallantoic Membrane Vasculature 12
1.1 Chorioallantoic Membrane and Its Embryological Origin 12
1.2 Morphology of Chorioallantoic Membrane Blood Vessels 14
1.3 Morphology of Chorioallantoic Membrane Lymphatic Vessels 21
1.4 A Single Blood Sinus or a Capillary Plexus Beneath the Chorionic Epithelium? 22
1.5 A New Model of Choriollantoic Membrane Vascular Growth, the Intussusceptive Mode 23
1.6 Chorioallantoic Membrane Vascular Growth 24
2 Chorioallantoic Membrane in the Study of Angiogenesis, Antiangiogenesis, and the Vascularization of Grafted Tissues 27
2.1 Use of Chorioallantoic Membrane in the Study of Angiogenic Molecules 27
2.2 Role of FGF-2 in Chorioallantoic Membrane Vascularization 33
2.3 Use of Chorioallantoic Membrane in the Study of Antiangiogenic Molecules 39
2.4 Use of Chorioallantoic Membrane in the Study of Vascularization of Grafted Tissues 49
3 Chorioallantoic Membrane in the Study of Tumor Angiogenesis 51
3.1 Use of Chorioallantoic Membrane in the Study of Tumor Angiogenesis 51
3.2 Angiogenesis and Antiangiogenesis in Multiple Myeloma 55
3.2.1 Biological and Clinical Studies 55
3.2.2 Use of the Chorioallantoic Membrane 56
3.3 Angiogenesis and Antiangiogenesis in Human Neuroblastoma 59
3.3.1 Biological and Clinical Studies 59
3.3.2 Use of Chorioallantoic Membrane 62
4 Chorioallantoic Membrane in the Study of Tumor Metastasis 68
4.1 Use of Chorioallantoic Membrane in the Study of Tumor Metastasis 68
4.2 Spontaneous Metastasis Models 69
4.3 Experimental Metastasis Studies 70
5 Other Applications of Chorioallantoic Membrane 73
5.1 In Ovo and Ex Ovo Methods 73
5.2 Use of Chorioallantoic Membrane in the Study of Tumor Lymphangiogenesis 74
5.3 Use of Chorioallantoic Membrane in the Study of Angiogenesis Associated with Wound Healing and Inflammation 74
5.4 Use of Chorioallantoic Membrane in the Study of Angiogenic Properties of Biomaterials and of the Evaluation of Drug Delivery Systems 76
6 Different Morphological Techniques and Methods of Quantifying the Angiogenic Response Used in the Study of Vascularization in the Chorioallantoic Membrane 78
6.1 Different Morphological Techniques That Can be Used to Study Vascularization of the CAM and the Genes Involved 78
6.2 Methods of Quantifying the Angiogenic Response 79
7 Advantages and Limitations of Chorioallantoic Membrane in Comparison with Other Classical In Vivo Angiogenesis Assays 82
7.1 Advantages and Limitations of Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay 82
7.2 Other Classical In Vivo Assays in Comparison (Advantages, Disadvantages, and Limitations) with Chorioallantoic Membrane 83
7.2.1 The Corneal Micropocket Assay 84
7.2.2 The Sponge/Matrix Implant 86
7.2.3 The Disk Angiogenesis System (DAS) 87
7.2.4 The Matrigel Plug 87
7.2.5 The Dorsal Air Sac Model 88
7.2.6 The Chamber Assays 89
7.2.7 The Zebrafish 89
7.2.8 The Tumor Models 91
Concluding Remarks 93
References 95

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 28.1.2010
• Zusatzinfo: X, 124 p.
• Verlagsort: Dordrecht
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Allgemeines / Lexika
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Onkologie
• Themenwelt: Studium ► 2. Studienabschnitt (Klinik) ► Pathologie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Zellbiologie
• Themenwelt: Technik
• Schlagworte: angiogenesis • chick embryo • genes • tissue • tumor growth • Vivo
• ISBN-10: 90-481-3845-0 / 9048138450
• ISBN-13: 978-90-481-3845-6 / 9789048138456