Multiphase Flow Dynamics 3 (eBook)

Turbulence, Gas Absorption and Release, Diesel Fuel Properties

Nikolay Ivanov Kolev (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF

2007 | 2007
XII, 308 Seiten
Springer Berlin (Verlag)
978-3-540-71443-9 (ISBN)

Infos

In order to allow the application of the theory from all the three volumes also to processes in combustion engines a systematic set of internally consistent state equations for diesel fuel gas and liquid valid in broad range of changing pressure and temperature are provided also in Volume 3. Erlangen, October 2006 Nikolay Ivanov Kolev Table of contents 1 Some basics of the single-phase boundary layer theory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1. 1 Flow over plates, velocity profiles, share forces, heat transfer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1. 1. 1 Laminar flow over the one site of a plane. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1. 1. 2 Turbulent flow parallel to plane. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1. 2 Steady state flow in pipes with circular cross sections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1. 2. 1 Hydraulic smooth wall surface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1. 2. 2 Transition region. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 1. 2. 3 Complete rough region. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 1. 2. 4 Heat transfer to fluid in a pipe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 1. 3 Transient flow in pipes with circular cross sections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Nomenclature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 2 Introduction to turbulence of multi-phase flows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2. 1 Basic ideas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2. 2 Isotropy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 2. 3 Scales, eddy viscosity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 2. 3. 1 Small scale turbulent motion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 2. 3. 2 Large scale turbulent motion, Kolmogorov-Pandtl expression. . . . . . . . . 42 2. 4 k-eps framework. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Nomenclature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 3 Sources for fine resolution outside the boundary layer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 3. 1 Bulk sources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 3. 1. 1 Deformation of the velocity field. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 3. 1. 2 Blowing and suction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Inhalt

Summary 7
Table of contents 9
1 Some basics of the single-phase boundary layer theory 13
1.1 Flow over plates, velocity profiles, share forces, heat transfer 13
1.2 Steady state flow in pipes with circular cross sections 16
1.3 Transient flow in pipes with circular cross sections 33
Nomenclature 35
References 38
2 Introduction to turbulence of multi-phase flows 41
2.1 Basic ideas 41
2.2 Isotropy 52
2.3 Scales, eddy viscosity 53
2.4 k-eps framework 56
Nomenclature 60
References 65
3 Sources for fine resolution outside the boundary layer 67
3.1 Bulk sources 67
3.2 Turbulence generation due to nucleate boiling 73
3.3 Treatment of the boundary layer for non boiling flows 74
3.4 Initial conditions 77
Nomenclature 78
References 85
4 Source terms for k-eps models in porous structures 87
4.1 Single phase flow 87
4.2 Multi-phase flow 93
Nomenclature 100
References 103
5 Influence of the interfacial forces on the turbulence structure 104
5.1 Drag forces 104
5.2 The role of the lift force in turbulent flows 104
5.3 Lubrication force in the wall boundary layer 109
5.4 The role of the dispersion force in turbulent flows 110
Nomenclature 115
References 117
6 Particle–eddy interactions 120
6.1 Three popular modeling techniques 120
6.2 Particle–eddy interaction without collisions 121
6.3 Particle–eddy interaction with collisions 124
Nomenclature 125
7 Two group k-eps models 129
7.1 Single phase flow 129
7.2 Two-phase flow 130
Nomenclature 131
References 133
8 Set of benchmarks for verification of k- eps models in system computer codes 134
8.1 Introduction 134
8.2 Single phase cases 135
8.3 Two-phase cases 146
Conclusions 148
Nomenclature 149
References 151
9 Simple algebraic models for eddy viscosity in bubbly flow 153
9.1 Single phase flow in rod bundles 153
9.2 Two phase flow 158
Nomenclature 171
References 177
10 Large eddy simulations 181
10.1 Phenomenology 181
10.2 Filtering – brief introduction 181
10.3 The extension of the Amsden et al. LES model to porous structures 185
Nomenclature 190
References 192
11 Solubility of O2, N2, H2 and CO2 in water 193
11.1 Introduction 193
11.2 Oxygen in water 201
11.3 Nitrogen water 207
11.3 Hydrogen water 211
11.4 Carbon dioxide–water 214
11.5 Diffusion coefficients 217
11.6 Equilibrium solution and dissolution 219
Nomenclature 220
References 222
12 Transient solution and dissolution of gasses in liquid flows 223
12.1 Bubbles 224
12.2 Droplets 247
12.3 Films 254
Nomenclature 265
References 271
13 Thermodynamic and transport properties of diesel fuel 276
13.1 Introduction 276
13.2 Constituents of diesel fuel 278
13.3 Averaged boiling point at atmospheric pressure 280
13.4 Reference liquid density point 281
13.5 Critical temperature, critical pressure 282
13.6 Molar weight, gas constant 282
13.7 Saturation line 283
13.8 Latent heat of evaporation 286
13.9 The liquid density 287
13.10 Liquid velocity of sound 291
13.11 The liquid specific heat at constant pressure 292
13.12 Specific liquid enthalpy 295
13.13 Specific liquid entropy 297
13.14 Liquid surface tension 299
13.15 Thermal conductivity of liquid diesel fuel 299
13.16 Cinematic viscosity of liquid diesel fuel 301
13.17 Density as a function of temperature and pressure for diesel fuel vapor 302
13.18 Specific capacity at constant pressure for diesel vapor 303
13.19 Specific enthalpy for diesel fuel vapor 305
13.20 Specific entropy for diesel fuel vapor 306
13.21 Thermal conductivity of diesel fuel vapor 307
13.22 Cinematic viscosity of diesel fuel vapor 308
References 308
Appendix 13.1 Dynamic viscosity and density for saturated n- octane vapor 309
Index 311

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 8.6.2007
• Zusatzinfo: XII, 308 p. 55 illus., 53 illus. in color.
• Verlagsort: Berlin
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Informatik ► Theorie / Studium ► Künstliche Intelligenz / Robotik
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Elektrotechnik / Energietechnik
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Maschinenbau
• Schlagworte: Cavitaion • Combustion • Complexity • Diesel Fuel • fluid- and aerodynamics • Gas Absorption in Liquids • Gas Release from Liquids • Multiphase dynamics • Multiphase Flow • Thermodynamic properties • Transport • Turbulence
• ISBN-10: 3-540-71443-X / 354071443X
• ISBN-13: 978-3-540-71443-9 / 9783540714439