The Mystery of Personality (eBook)

A History of Psychodynamic Theories

Eugene Taylor (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF

2009 | 2009
XII, 405 Seiten
Springer New York (Verlag)
978-0-387-98104-8 (ISBN)

Infos

In The Mystery of Personality: A History of Psychodynamic Theories, acclaimed professor and historian Eugene Taylor synthesizes the field's first century and a half into a rich, highly readable account. Taylor situates the dynamic school in its catalytic place in history, re-evaluating misunderstood figures and events, re-creating the heady milieu of discovery as the concept of 'mental science' dawns across Europe, revisiting the widening rift between clinical and experimental study (or the couch and the lab) as early psychology matured into legitimate science.

Gradual but vital evolutions form the heart of this chronicle: the ebb and flow of analytic theory and practice, the shift from doctor-centered to client-centered therapy, the movement from exclusionary to multidisciplinary, the evolving role of the therapist. And as can be expected from the author, there is special emphasis on the sublime in psychology: the philosophy/psychology fusion of the New England transcendentalists, the battle between spiritualism and science in 1880s America, and early versions of today's spiritually-attuned therapies. Pivotal concepts and key individuals covered are:

• Charcot, Janet, and the origins of dynamic personality theory in the so-called French, Swiss, English, and American psychotherapeutic axis.
• Person and personality: William James's 'radical empiricism'
• The rise of psychoanalysis: Freud, the Freudians, and the Neo-Freudians
• Adler and Jung, who were never 'students' of Freud: Toward, within, and beyond the self
• Murray, Allport, and Lewin at Harvard in the 30s
• Culture and personality, pastoral counseling, and Gestalt Psychology in New York in the '40s and '50s
• An Existential-humanistic and Transpersonally oriented depth psychology in the 60s
• The current era: 'science confronts itself', as neuroscience enters the picture.

Students of psychology and its history will find in this inspiring narrative both possibilities for further study and a new appreciation of their own work. The Mystery of Personality: A History of Psychodynamic Theories is a stimulating course conducted by a master teacher.

Eugene Taylor holds the AB and MA in general experimental psychology and Asian studies from Southern Methodist University and the PhD in the history and philosophy of psychology from the University Professors Program at Boston University. He was a 1983 Lowell Lecturer for the Massachusetts Medical Society and the Boston Medical Library; the 1984 William James Lecturer on The Varieties of Religious Experience at Harvard Divinity School; and the 1986 Gardner Murphy Memorial Lecture for the American Society for Psychical Research. And for the past 18 years has given the annual Wilfred Gould Rice Lecture on Psychology and Religion for the Swedenborg Society at Harvard. He is a co-author with Benjamin White and Richard Wolfe of Stanley Cobb: Builder of the Modern Neurosciences (1984); and author of William James on Exceptional Mental States (1983); William James on Consciousness Beyond the Margin (1996) with Robert Wozniak (eds) Pure Experience: The Response to William James(1996); and forthcoming, William James and the Spiritual Roots of American Pragmatism  His primary academic affiliation is at Saybrook Graduate School in San Francisco, a graduate program in distance learning for mid-career adults, where he is a member of the Executive Faculty.       He is also a Lecturer on Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School and functions as the Historian in Psychiatry at the Massachusetts General Hospital. He lives in Cambridge, Massachusetts. 

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In The Mystery of Personality: A History of Psychodynamic Theories, acclaimed professor and historian Eugene Taylor synthesizes the field's first century and a half into a rich, highly readable account. Taylor situates the dynamic school in its catalytic place in history, re-evaluating misunderstood figures and events, re-creating the heady milieu of discovery as the concept of "e;mental science"e; dawns across Europe, revisiting the widening rift between clinical and experimental study (or the couch and the lab) as early psychology matured into legitimate science.Gradual but vital evolutions form the heart of this chronicle: the ebb and flow of analytic theory and practice, the shift from doctor-centered to client-centered therapy, the movement from exclusionary to multidisciplinary, the evolving role of the therapist. And as can be expected from the author, there is special emphasis on the sublime in psychology: the philosophy/psychology fusion of the New England transcendentalists, the battle between spiritualism and science in 1880s America, and early versions of today's spiritually-attuned therapies. Pivotal concepts and key individuals covered are:Charcot, Janet, and the origins of dynamic personality theory in the so-called French, Swiss, English, and American psychotherapeutic axis.Person and personality: William James's "e;radical empiricism"e;The rise of psychoanalysis: Freud, the Freudians, and the Neo-FreudiansAdler and Jung, who were never "e;students"e; of Freud: Toward, within, and beyond the selfMurray, Allport, and Lewin at Harvard in the 30sCulture and personality, pastoral counseling, and Gestalt Psychology in New York in the '40s and '50sAn Existential-humanistic and Transpersonally oriented depth psychology in the 60sThe current era: "e;science confronts itself"e;, as neuroscience enters the picture.Students of psychology and its history will find in this inspiring narrative both possibilities for further study and a new appreciation of their own work. The Mystery of Personality: A History of Psychodynamic Theories is a stimulating course conducted by a master teacher.

Inhalt

Library of the History of Psychology Theories 2
Acknowledgments 6
Contents 8
1 The Trinity of Affinity: Personality, Consciousness, and Psychotherapeutics 12
The Hypothesis of the Three Streams 16
Dynamic Theories of Personality and Their Histories 18
The Meaning of the Word Dynamic 21
The Conflation of Self, Ego, and Personality 22
Notes 26
2 Charcots Axis 29
Janets Case of Lonie 41
The 1889 Congress of Experimental Psychology 43
James on Person and Personality 44
James on Multiple Personality in the Lectures on Exceptional Mental States 46
Personality Transformation in The Varieties of Religious Experience 48
Prince on Ms. Beauchamp 50
Flournoy on Hlne Smith 50
Jung on Hlne Preiswerk 51
The Young Roberto Assagioli 53
Notes 57
3 Freuds Shibboleth: Psychoanalysis 62
So-Called Defectors, the First Turn Toward Ego Psychology and the Death Instinct 71
Freuds Flight 78
Freuds Influence 78
Notes 79
4 The Freudians 83
Ferenczi in Budapest 84
Rank and His Circle 84
Anna Freud, the Devoted Daughter 85
Jones in Britain 86
Herbert Silberer 87
Ludwig Binswanger 88
James Jackson Putnam 89
Abraham Arden Brill 90
Karl Abraham 91
Max Eitingon 91
Oskar Pfister 92
Marie Bonaparte 92
Lacan and Post-structuralism 93
Melanie Klein 94
Heinz Kohut 95
M. Masud R. Khan 96
Ego Psychology 99
The Menninger Clinic 101
Franz Alexander 102
Notes 103
5 The Neo-Freudians 109
The Expansion of Psychoanalysis 111
Sullivan 112
Karen Horney 115
Erich Fromm 119
Clara Thompson 123
Rollo May 124
Frieda Fromm-Reichmann 126
Erik Erikson 127
Notes 132
6 Jung and Complex Psychology 135
Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious 139
Psychological Types 143
The Architecture of the Psyche 146
His Work on Christian Symbolism 150
The Diffusion of Jungs Ideas 152
Jungs Immediate Circle 57 152
Eisendraths Three Schools 155
Current Status 156
Notes 157
7 Adler's Menschenkenntnis 163
The Case of Fritz 168
Adlers Influence 171
The Ansbachers 173
May and Adler 175
Adler and Maslow 176
Adlers Influence on Victor Frankl 177
Logotherapy 182
Notes 184
8 Psychodynamics, Gestalt Psychology, and Personality Theory at Harvard 186
Henry A. Murray 193
Stanley Cobb 197
Boring and Psychoanalysis 200
The Macropersonality Theorists 201
Ross Stagner and The Murphys 208
Gardner and Lois Murphy 210
On Meeting Gordon Allport 211
Murphy and Lewin 212
The Princeton Conference on Personality and Gestalt Psychology 212
Lewin at Harvard 215
Boring Performs a Commissurotomy on Psychology 218
Endnotes 224
9 Anthropologists, Gestaltists, Jungians, and the Pastoral Theologians of New York 230
The New School for Social Research 233
The Gestaltists 233
Kurt Goldstein 235
The Jungians 238
Edward Christopher Whitmont 239
Joseph Campbell 240
Tillich at Union and Columbia 242
Abraham Maslow 247
Werner Wolff 251
Gardner and Lois Murphy in New York 253
Gardner Murphys Biosocial Approach 254
Notes 261
10 An Existential-Humanistic and Transpersonally Oriented Depth Psychology 268
Laura Perls and Natalie Rogers 296
Transpersonal Psychology 298
Maslow on Transcendence 299
Their Methods of Research 308
Their Model of Consciousness 310
Their Approach to Indigenous Psychologies 311
Notes 315
11 Neuroscience and the Future of the Self 321
The Fate of Classical Personality Theories 321
The Self in Psychiatry 326
Turkle on the Second Self 328
Ulrich Neiser and the Cognitive Self 328
Seligmans Positive Psychology 330
Genomics 331
Neurophenomenology, Embodiment, and Experience 332
Intersubjectivity 336
The Phenomenology of the Science-Making Process Itself 339
Revelation of the Epistemological Worldview of the Scientist 340
Notes 341
12 Epilogue 345
Indigenous Non-Western Conceptions of Personality 348
The Growth-Oriented Dimension of Personality 350
The Uniqueness of Each Person 352
Psychology as Epistemology 354
Notes 355
Bibliography 356
Index 385

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 7.7.2009
• Reihe/Serie: Library of the History of Psychological Theories
• Reihe/Serie: Library of the History of Psychological Theories
• Zusatzinfo: XII, 405 p.
• Verlagsort: New York
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Psychologie ► Allgemeines / Lexika
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Psychologie ► Allgemeine Psychologie
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Psychologie ► Klinische Psychologie
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Psychologie ► Persönlichkeitsstörungen
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Gesundheitsfachberufe
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Psychiatrie / Psychotherapie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften
• Schlagworte: Counseling • Depth Psychology • Freud • Gestalt psychology • Psychoanalysis • Psychodynamics • Psychology • William James
• ISBN-10: 0-387-98104-7 / 0387981047
• ISBN-13: 978-0-387-98104-8 / 9780387981048