From Neuron to Brain
Sinauer Associates (Verlag)
978-0-87893-609-0 (ISBN)
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The fifth edition of From Neuron and Brain has been thoroughly rewritten, with new chapters added, to provide a readable, up-to-date book for use in undergraduate, graduate, and medical school courses in neuroscience. As in previous editions, the emphasis is on experiments made by electrical recordings, molecular and cellular biological techniques, and behavioral studies on the nervous system, from simple reflexes to cognitive functions. Lines of research are followed from the inception of an idea to new findings being made in laboratories and clinics today. A major change is that this edition begins with the anatomy and physiology of the visual system, from light receptors in the retina to the perception of images. This allows the reader to appreciate right away how nerve cells act as the building blocks for perception. Detailed mechanisms of signaling are then described in later chapters. For adopting lecturers an Instructor Resource Library is available; please email lecturerservices@palgrave.com.
JOHN G. NICHOLLS Professor of Neuroscience at the International School for Advanced Studies in Trieste (known as SISSA), Italy. A. ROBERT MARTIN Professor Emeritus in the Department of Physiology at the University of Colorado School of Medicine, USA. PAUL A. FUCHS Director of Research and the John E. Bordley Professor of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Professor of Biomedical Engineering, Professor of Neuroscience and co-Director of the Center for Sensory Biology at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA. DAVID A. BROWN Professor of Pharmacology in the Department of Neuroscience, Physiology, and Pharmacology at University College London, UK. MATHEW E. DIAMOND Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience at the International School for Advanced Studies in Trieste (SISSA), Italy. DAVID A. WEISBLAT Professor of Cell and Developmental Biology in the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology at the University of California, Berkeley, USA.
PART I. INTRODUCTION TO THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
1. Principles of Signaling and Organization
Introductory material
Increased emphasis on genetics and molecular mechanisms
2. Signaling in the Visual System
Shifted to the beginning of the book from the end
Extensively reworked to improve accessibility for readers without background knowledge of neurobiology
Synaptic physiology in the visual cortex
3. Functional Architecture of the Visual Cortex
Like Chapter 2, shifted to the beginning of the book
New information about columnar organization
PART II. ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF NEURONS AND GLIA
4. Ion Channels and Signaling
Minor revisions for increased clarity
5. Structure of Ion Channels
Detailed molecular structure of both the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor channel and the voltage-sensitive potassium channel
Conformational changes underlying channel gating
Regulation of ion selectivity
Updated catalogue of ion channels and channel subunits, including revised protein and gene designations
6. Ionic Basis of the Resting Potential
Channels associated with “leak” currents in the resting membrane
7. Ionic Basis of the Action Potential
Mechanism underlying voltage gating of channels
Mechanisms underlying hyperpolarizing and depolarizing after potentials
Role of afterpotentials in membrane excitability
8. Electrical Signaling in Neurons
Revised discussion of membrane resistance and capacitance
Detailed structure of gap junctions
9. Ion Transport across Cell Membranes
Revised discussion of chloride transport
Updated classification and designation of neurotransmitter transporters
Expanded discussion of transmitter uptake mechanisms
10. Properties and Functions of Neuroglial Cells
The role of glia at synapses
Radial glia and neurogenesis
Calcium waves in glia
Regulation of cerebral blood flow by glia
The role of microglia
PART III. INTERCELLULAR COMMUNICATION
11. Mechanisms of Direct Synaptic Transmission
Updated content on gating of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
Discussion of chemical transmission expanded to include excitatory and inhibitory transmission in the mammalian central nervous system
New material on drugs and toxins acting on the neuromuscular junction, and on how transmitter receptors are localized at their postsynaptic sites
Expanded treatment of the role of connexons and the functions of electrical transmission in the mammalian central nervous system
12. Indirect Mechanisms of Synaptic Transmission
New material on how G proteins work
Discussion of the role of membrane phospholipids as ion channel regulators
New coverage of endocannabinoids, nitric oxide, and carbon monoxide as neural messengers
New material on how different receptor-activated signaling cascades are integrated or segregated in the neuron
13. Release of Neurotransmitters
New evidence for the direct role of calcium in transmitter release
Use of fluorescent dyes and capacitance measurements to monitor vesicle fusion
Detailed mechanism of vesicle fusion and exocytosis
Molecular details of active zone structure revealed by electron tomography
Structure of ribbon synapses
The role of vesicle pools in transmitter release and recovery
14. Neurotransmitters in the Central Nervous System
Expanded and updated sections on amino acid transmitters, acetycholine, monoamines, and ATP
Coverage of new aspects of peptidergic transmission: nociceptin (orphanin); the orexins, sleep, and regulation of food intake; and vasopressin, oxytocin, and the social brain
15. Transmitter Synthesis, Transport, Storage, and Inactivation
New material on co-uptake, co-storage, and co-release of transmitters
16. Synaptic Plasticity
Expanded discussion of presynaptic and postsynaptic mechanisms underlying long-term potentiation and long-term depression
PART IV. INTEGRATIVE MECHANISMS
17. Autonomic Nervous System
Retinal ganglion cells responding to light
Circadian rhythms
M current second messengers
Leptins
18. Cellular Mechanisms of Behavior in Ants, Bees, and Leeches
Path-finding by ants on stilts
Optical recording and systems approach to behavioral analysis; how a leech makes up its mind
PART V. SENSATION AND MOVEMENT
19. Sensory Transduction
Fundamental aspects of sensory signaling exemplified by cutaneous and muscle receptors
Detailed and updated descriptions of hair cell mechanotransduction, chemical senses, and nociception
20. Transduction and Transmission in the Retina
Coverage of the transduction cascade whereby the absorption of light results in photoreceptor hyperpolarization
How intrinsically photosensitive ganglion cells subserve circadian rhythms
Synaptic connectivity of photoreceptors, interneurons, and ganglion cells in the retina
21. Touch, Pain, and Texture Sensation
Completely new chapter, covering the most recent research on the somatosensory system from receptors to cortical organization
Description of the processing that leads from contact of an object with the skin to recognition of the physical properties of that object
New material on the functional organization of the somatosensory system, both in rats and mice, where the whiskers are particularly important, and in primates, where the fingertips are particularly important
22. Auditory and Vestibular Sensation
Frequency selectivity and amplification in the mammalian cochlea
Electrical tuning of hair cells in the turtle inner ear
Structure and function of the vestibular periphery
23. Constructing Perception
Completely new chapter, dedicated to a description of processing in the brain that occurs after the primary sensory areas
Special attention given to current investigations concerning how a vibration on the fingertip is perceived, and how objects are recognized in a visual scene
24. Circuits Controlling Reflexes, Respiration, and Coordinated Movements
Optical recording from brainstem respiratory circuits
Columnar organization of motor cortex
Posture
PART VI. DEVELOPMENT AND REGENERATION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
25. Development of the Nervous System
Text now includes, among many other additions: homeotic genes for forebrain development; neuron generation from radial glia; considerations of adult neurogenesis; mention of clinically important developmental defects
Broadened overview of signaling
26. Critical Periods in Sensory Systems
The role of experience in shaping connectivity of the visual cortex
Critical periods in auditory system development
The interplay of intrinsic and extrinsic factors in developmental plasticity
27. Regeneration of Synaptic Connections after Injury
Greater emphasis on molecular mechanisms of synapse formation, agrin receptors, and the potential for use of stem cells for repair of the central nervous system
PART VII. CONCLUSION
28. Open Questions
Clinical relevance emphasized
Appendix A. Current Flow in Electrical Circuits
Appendix B. Metabolic Pathways for the Synthesis and Inactivation of Low-Molecular-Weight Transmitters
Appendix C. Structures and Pathways of the Brain
Glossary
Bibliography
Index
| Zusatzinfo | Illustrations |
|---|---|
| Verlagsort | Sunderland |
| Sprache | englisch |
| Maße | 224 x 286 mm |
| Gewicht | 1805 g |
| Einbandart | gebunden |
| Themenwelt | Geisteswissenschaften ► Psychologie ► Biopsychologie / Neurowissenschaften |
| Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Neurologie | |
| Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Humanbiologie | |
| Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Zoologie | |
| Schlagworte | Neurologie • Neurowissenschaft |
| ISBN-10 | 0-87893-609-2 / 0878936092 |
| ISBN-13 | 978-0-87893-609-0 / 9780878936090 |
| Zustand | Neuware |
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